HTLV-1 Tax 蛋白对T细胞中HMGB1调控的影响

目的探讨人T淋巴细胞白血病1型病毒（human T-cell leukemia virus 1,HTLV-1）Tax蛋白对人高迁移率族蛋白1（ high mobility group box 1,HMGB1）基因转录调控的影响。方法提取TaxN和TaxP细胞总RNA和蛋白质,通过real-time PCR和Western blot分析HMGB1 mRNA和蛋白质的表达情况;利用脂质体介导方法,将6个含有不同长度HMGB1调控序列的pGL3-HMGB1-luc瞬时转染至TaxN 和 TaxP 细胞,观察 HMGB1基因在不同 T 细胞中的转录活性;pCMV-Tax 与 pGL3-HMGB1-luc瞬时共转染至Jurkat细胞,观察Tax蛋白对HMGB1基因的转录调控影响;染色体免疫共沉淀（ ChIP）找寻Tax蛋白影响HMGB1基因转录调控的区段。结果 TaxP细胞中HMGB1 mRNA和蛋白质表达水平高于TaxN细胞。 TaxN和TaxP细胞中HMGB1调控趋势基本相似,均表现出3号质粒（pHLuc3,含有-504～＋83 HMGB1区段）的相对荧光素酶活性（HMGB1/neo）最高,但是6号质粒（含有-1163～＋83 HMGB1区段）却表现出 TaxP 细胞 HMGB1的转录活性明显高于 TaxN 细胞。pCMV-Tax与pGL3-HMGB1-Luc报告基因共转染到Jurkat细胞也显示,6号质粒（pHLuc6）中Tax促进HMGB1基因的转录。 ChIP分析证实了Tax蛋白可能富集在HMGB1的-1163～-1043区段。结论-504～-383可能是HMGB1基因转录激活的关键启动子区,Tax蛋白可能富集在HMGB1的-1163～-1043区段促进HMGB1基因转录。     

Aberrant antibody affinity selection in SHIP‐deficient B cells

The strength of the Ag receptor signal influences development and negative selection of B cells, and it might also affect B‐cell survival and selection in the GC. Here, we have used mice with B‐cell‐specific deletion of the 5′‐inositol phosphatase SHIP as a model to study affinity selection in cells that are hyperresponsive to Ag and cytokine receptor stimulation. In the absence of SHIP, B cells have lower thresholds for Ag‐ and interferon (IFN)‐induced activation, resulting in augmented negative selection in the BM and enhanced B‐cell maturation in the periphery. Despite a tendency to spontaneously downregulate surface IgM expression, SHIP deficiency does not alter anergy induction in response to soluble hen‐egg lysozyme Ag in the MDA4 transgenic model. SHIP‐deficient B cells spontaneously produce isotype‐switched antibodies; however, they are poor responders in immunization and infection models. While SHIP‐deficient B cells form GCs and undergo mutation, they are not properly selected for high‐affinity antibodies. These results illustrate the importance of negative regulation of B‐cell responses, as lower thresholds for B‐cell activation promote survival of low affinity and deleterious receptors to the detriment of optimal Ab affinity maturation.     

Improved detection of human papillomavirus harbored in healthy skin with FAP6085/64 primers

FAP59/64, FAP6085/6319, and CUT primer sets were designed for detecting cutaneous HPV and have been used in many clinical and epidemiology studies. The FAP6085/64 primer set was first evaluated in this study and the FAP6085/64 combination was found to be much more sensitive than all three original primer sets by using HPV plasmids as a template. To confirm further the effectiveness of the FAP6085/64 primer set in human DNA templates, 90 palmar exfoliated cell DNA samples were used to detect the cutaneous HPV by both the FAP59/64 and FAP6085/64 primer sets. The overall proportion of HPV detection in those skin samples was 77.8% (70/90) using FAP6085/64, as compared to 55.6% (50/90) using FAP59/64. The FAP6085/64 primer set was also applied in a population based study. The proportion of HPV detection was 73.96% (2076/2807) in skin samples collected from healthy individuals, and a total of 336 different PV types were found. Sixty (17.9%) of them were fully characterized HPV types, 127 (37.8%) were putative HPV types which had been described previously, 149 (44.3%) were novel putative HPV types, and two animal PVs were also detected. These results suggest that the FAP6085/64 primer set was sensitive and effective for detection of cutaneous HPV in healthy skin samples.     

B6.g7 mice reconstituted with BDC2·5 non‐obese diabetic (BDC2·5NOD) stem cells do not develop autoimmune diabetes

In BDC2·5 non‐obese diabetic (BDC2·5NOD) mice, a spontaneous model of type 1 diabetes, CD4⁺ T cells express a transgene‐encoded T cell receptor (TCR) with reactivity against a pancreatic antigen, chromogranin. This leads to massive infiltration and destruction of the pancreatic islets and subsequent diabetes. When we reconstituted lethally irradiated, lymphocyte‐deficient B6.g7 (I‐A^g7+) Rag^–/– mice with BDC2·5NOD haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC; ckit⁺Lin^–Sca‐1^hi), the recipients exhibited hyperglycaemia and succumbed to diabetes. Surprisingly, lymphocyte‐sufficient B6.g7 mice reconstituted with BDC2·5NOD HSPCs were protected from diabetes. In this study, we investigated the factors responsible for attenuation of diabetes in the B6.g7 recipients. Analysis of chimerism in the B6.g7 recipients showed that, although B cells and myeloid cells were 98% donor‐derived, the CD4⁺ T cell compartment contained ～50% host‐derived cells. These host‐derived CD4⁺ T cells were enriched for conventional regulatory T cells (T_regs) (CD25⁺forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)⁺] and also for host‐ derived CD4⁺CD25^–FoxP3^– T cells that express markers of suppressive function, CD73, FR4 and CD39. Although negative selection did not eliminate donor‐derived CD4⁺ T cells in the B6.g7 recipients, these cells were functionally suppressed. Thus, host‐derived CD4⁺ T cells that emerge in mice following myeloablation exhibit a regulatory phenoytpe and probably attenuate autoimmune diabetes. These cells may provide new therapeutic strategies to suppress autoimmunity.     

透明细胞乳头状肾细胞癌的影像学表现

目的探讨透明细胞乳头状肾细胞癌(CCPRCC)的影像学表现。方法分析15例CCPRCC患者CT及MRI影像特征,采用独立样本t检验比较肿瘤与肾皮质之间平扫CT值、ADC值差异。结果15例均为单发,边界清晰,大小为(3.1±1.9)cm。13例为实性肿瘤,其中11例伴囊变,2例为囊性肿瘤。4例CT平扫呈等或稍低密度,4例呈稍高密度;6例密度不均匀,1例伴细条状钙化;8例CT值为(38.4±10.6)HU,与肾皮质比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。8例MRI平扫T1WI呈稍低或低信号,3例伴发结节状、灶状高信号;8例T2WI以混杂高信号为主,5例边缘见包膜;7例DWI呈稍高信号;9例肿瘤ADC值(2.22±0.30)×10-3 mm2/s高于肾皮质,两者差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。增强扫描13例实性肿瘤中9例呈“快进快出”强化,4例呈持续或渐进性强化;2例囊性肿瘤增强扫描呈囊壁及中心分隔强化。结论CCPRCC好发于中老年人,肿瘤易发生囊变,出血、钙化少见,弥散受限不明显,增强扫描以“快进快出”强化为主,确诊仍需依靠组织病理学。     

CT门静脉成像与内镜在肝硬化患者急诊经颈静脉肝内门体分流术前评估中的价值研究

【摘要】 目的 评价CT门静脉成像(CTPV）对比内镜在肝硬化食管胃静脉曲张出血(EGVB）患者急诊经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(em-TIPS）前评估中的价值。 方法 回顾性分析2016年7月1日至2019年6月30日在苏州大学附属第一医院接受em-TIPS术治疗的82例急性EGVB患者临床资料。分析CTPV与DSA诊断食管胃静脉曲张(EGV）分型、CTPV与术前内镜诊断EGV分型和分级的一致性。 结果 82例成功完成em-TIPS术。其中80例(97.6%）术后成功止血,2例术后发生再出血。CTPV与DSA诊断EGV分型完全一致:GOV1型55例,GOV2型21例,IGV1型6例。23例患者接受术前内镜检查,CTPV与术前内镜诊断EGV分型、分级结果的一致性均较高,Kappa值分别为0.79、0.78,均P＜0.001。 结论 肝硬化急性EGVB患者em-TIPS术前接受CTPV评估可行且有效,可作为无法或无条件行急诊内镜检查和治疗患者术前评估的替代方法。     

2016-2020年新疆生产建设兵团布鲁氏菌病监测分析

为了解新疆生产建设兵团2016-2020年布鲁氏菌病流行情况,预判流行趋势,评估疫情发生风险.采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)开展2016-2020年新疆生产建设兵团牛、羊、猪血清样品布鲁氏菌病监测工作.2016-2020年五年间,兵团共累计监测布病样品2185312份,感染抗体阳性15928份,抗体阳性率达0.73％(15928/2185312),其中奶牛布病总阳性率达0.18％(1071/583146),其他品种牛布病总阳性率达0.24％(436/181148),羊布病总阳性率达1.03％(14413/1405091),猪布病总阳性率达0.05％(8/15927),奶牛、其他牛、羊和猪之间差异极显著(χ2=4805.56,P<0.01),结果呈现明显的下降趋势.兵团辖区对布鲁氏菌病进行干预后,该病虽得到一定控制,但仍有流行扩散风险,给人畜间带来危害.建议今后继续做好动物布鲁氏菌病动态监测,积极落实净化措施,确保兵团布病防控工作有效开展.     

伊犁马乳粉中维生素含量测定和分析

为了检测特色乳制品马乳粉的维生素含量,依据国标对马乳粉中维生素A、维生素E、维生素D、维生素K1、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、生物素和叶酸进行检测.结果3份新疆伊犁地区某乳品企业生产的马乳粉的维生素平均含量:维生素A 71.53μg/100 g,维生素D30.73μg/100 g,维生素E 0.547 mg/100 g;维生素B20.294 mg/100 g,B60.39 mg/100 g,B120.303μg/100 g,烟酸1.47 mg/100 g,泛酸2.76 mg/100 g,生物素7.29μg/100 g,叶酸21.5μg/100 g,维生素C77 mg/100 g.结论:马乳粉的烟酸、泛酸和维生素C含量较高,可以作为人体补充维生素的最佳食物来源之一.     

芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕疗效观察

【摘要】目的 观察芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年10月至2017年12月毕节市第一人民医院收治的38例面部深Ⅱ度烧伤患者作为研究对象,并按照随机数表法将其随机分为研究组(20例)与对照组(18例),研究组患者于创面愈合后予以芭克硅胶软膏联合定制压力面罩治疗,对照组患者于创面愈合后2～3周单纯应用定制压力面罩治疗,对比观察两组患者治疗第1～3、1～6及4～6个月瘢痕评分改善情况。结果 研究组患者治疗第1～3、1～6个月的瘢痕改善分值为(4.65±0.49)分、（7.05±0.39)分,明显高于对照组患者治疗第1～3、1～6个月的瘢痕改善分值(2.61±0.92)分、(5.11±1.08)分(t=8.678、7.511,P均<0.001);研究组患者治疗第4~6个月的瘢痕改善分值为(2.40±0.68)分,与对照组治疗第4～6个月的瘢痕改善分值(2.50±0.92)分无明显差异(t=0.377,P=0.709)。结论 与单纯压力疗法相比,芭克硅胶软膏联合压力疗法防治面部深Ⅱ度烧伤后瘢痕的效果更好,且以3个月内瘢痕改善效果最为明显,值得临床推广应用。