溴莫尼定对视网膜缺血性损伤神经保护作用的实验研究

目的：探讨溴莫尼定(brimonidine)对视网膜缺血性损伤神经的保护作用。方法：新西兰大耳白兔32只，随机分为正常对照组、生理盐水治疗组、噻吗心安(timolol)治疗组、brimonidine治疗组，每组8只。后3组为损伤治疗组，通过生理盐水前房高压灌注的方法，制成视网膜缺血动物模型，在视网膜缺血前lh其结膜囊内分剐给予生理盐水、0．5％timolol眼液或0．2％brimonidine眼液局部治疗。在灌注后7d，观察图形视网膜电图(P-ERG)b波振幅变化，并进行组织形态学观察和视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)计数分析。结果：灌注后7d，3个损伤治疗组相对b波振幅恢复率为：7％、11％和64％，RGC标准丢失率为：43％、38％和12％，brimori-die治疗组视网膜组织形态结构接近正常对照组，而生理盐水治疗组和timolol治疗组视网膜内层组织结构损伤明显。结论：Brimonidine局部治疗对缺血诱导的视网膜结构和功能的损害有明显的神经保护作用。     

Herpetic croup: two case reports and a review of the literature

Croup is an acute infectious illness usually occurring in children; it is characterized by brassy cough and stridor. The main pathogens include mainly parainfluenza and influenza viruses. Recently there have been reports of prolonged croup caused by the herpes simplex viruses. We report two cases of prolonged croup due to herpes simplex types 1 and 2. We also review and summarize the reported pediatric cases of herpetic croup.     

Wirkung des Äthylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf Plasmodium falciparumIn Vitro

Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung des ?thylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf P. falciparum wurde in vitro untersucht. W?hrend sich die Parasit?mie bei der Kontrollgruppe bis zu 10. 90 % entwickelte, wurde bei dem mit ?thylazetatextrakt in einer Konzentration von 100 μg/ml Medium am 5. Tag der Kultur eine signifikante Hemmwirkung auf die Parasiten beobachtet. Die Parasit?mie blieb bei 1. 00 %.

Diese Arbeit wurde durch die Stiftung von “National Nature Science Foundation of China” finanziert (No. 39260066)     

年龄因素对健康人心率变异性的影响

目的探讨年龄因素对健康人心率变异性（ＨＲＶ）的影响。材料与方法将２３６例健康人分为五个年龄组，使用美国先进医用设备公司５．０版本ＨＲＶ软件做短时时域及频域ＨＲＶ分析。结果年龄因素对健康人ＨＲＶ短时时域和频域分析的多项指标产生显著影响，随着年龄增大，时域指标中的ＨＲＳＤ、ＳＤＡＮＮ、ｒＭＳＳＤ及ＰＮＮ５０均逐渐降低；随着年龄增长，频域指标中各频段下的绝对面积，即：ＶＬＦ、ＬＦ、ＭＦ及ＨＦ均逐渐降低；而频域指标中各频段下的相对面积，即：ＶＬＦＰ、ＬＦＰ、ＭＦＰ、ＨＦＰ随着年龄增长呈不同的发展趋势。ＬＦ／ＨＦ随着年龄的增加而逐渐升高。结论ＨＲＶ随着年龄的增加而下降，尤以迷走神经活性下降为显著。频域指标中各频段的相对面积较绝对面积能更敏感地反映交感、迷走神经张力的消长。     

Viral dynamics and their relations to baseline factors and longer term virologic responses in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving abacavir in combination with HIV-1 protease inhibitors

From a study of 71 HIV-1-infected patients receiving abacavir in combination with 1 of 5 different HIV-1 protease inhibitors (indinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, or amprenavir), we found that the baseline HIV-1 RNA levels were highly predictive of the viral decay rates. The baseline HIV-1 RNA levels were negatively correlated with the first phase viral decay rates (r = -0.77, P < 0.001) and positively correlated with the second phase viral decay rates (r = 0.68, P < 0.001). In addition, the first phase viral decay rate was positively correlated with CD4+ cell increases. No significant correlation was found between viral decay rates and longer term (24 weeks) virologic responses, and no difference in viral decay rates was found among the 5 study regimens. These data suggest that the potency of the 5 treatment regimens was similar and was not predictive of long-term virologic failure.     

Ramification of the portal vein at the porta hepatis in humans

The ramification of the portal vein at the porta hepatis was studied by anatomic dissection performed in 32 formalin fixed human livers. In all the specimens there were branches which ran towards the caudate lobe, arising from the portal vein and either from the left or the right portal branches. Tri-and quadrifurcation of the portal vein was observed. In 5 cases (16%) there were branches arising from left portal branch or portal vein and directed anteriorly to the quadrate lobe or to the region of the gall-bladder sulcus. These branches ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 mm in diameter. The portal caudate branches were divided into 3 groups.Group 1: Branches to the papillary process; 1 or 2 branches in 26 cases (82%), 3 or 5 branches in 3 cases (9%) and no branches in 3 cases (9%);     

核辐射对机体的影响

机体受到一定剂量核辐射后会出现多个器官结构和功能的改变.本文综述了机体受到低剂量核辐射后出现的免疫细胞数量和功能变化,包括淋巴细胞总数和部分亚群数量、淋巴细胞转化率、血清免疫球蛋白含量以及单核细胞功能等变化.同时还综述了核辐射对内分泌及遗传的影响.     

白术多糖对小鼠淋巴细胞功能的调节

研究了白术多糖ＰＡＭ体内及体外对小鼠脾淋巴细胞的调节作用。结果表明：白术多糖ＰＡＭ在一定的浓度范围内能单独激活或协同ＣｏｎＡ／ＰＨＡ促进正常小鼠淋巴细胞转化并能明显提高ＩＬ－２分泌的水平。ＰＡＭ对氢化可的松造成的免疫抑制小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖功能有恢复作用。同时还发现白术多糖ＰＡＭ对淋巴细胞的调节与β－肾上腺素受体激动剂异丙肾上腺素相关。     

人乳头状瘤病毒16型不同基因疫苗联合免疫的实验研究

目的 探索联合免疫策略在预防和治疗人乳头状瘤病毒16型（HPV16）相关肿瘤中的作用。方法 在C57BL／6动物模型中，观察了表达HPV16基因的融合蛋白L2E7疫苗和重组痘苗病毒mE67疫苗的不同联合免疫方式在预防和治疗HPV16相关肿瘤中的作用。用酶联免疫斑点（ELISPOT）和细胞毒T淋巴细胞（CTL）反应评价它们在诱发机体产生细胞免疫应答中的作用。结果 我们发现以HPV16 L2E7融合蛋白＋佐剂（CpG）初免，用重组痘苗病毒rVVmE67加强免疫的联合免疫方式在C57BL／6小鼠实验中可以有效预防和治疗HPV16相关肿瘤的攻击。ELISPOT可以检测到高水平的E749-57肽特异性，分泌IFN-γ的效应T细胞。CTL检测同样反应出这种联合免疫方式所诱发的CTL细胞可以有效识别并杀伤含HPV16E6／E7的靶细胞。结论 以HPV16L2E7融合蛋白＋CpG初免，用重组痘苗病毒rVVmE67加强的联合免疫策略可以有效防治HPV16相关肿瘤，为进一步研究提供了科学基础。     

Limited diversity of the protein D gene (hpd) among encapsulated and nonencapsulated Haemophilus influenzae strains.

Protein D is a surface-exposed lipoprotein of the gram-negative bacterium Haemophilus influenzae with affinity for human immunoglobulin D myeloma protein. The gene encoding protein D (hpd) in a serotype b strain of H. influenzae was cloned. Escherichia coli carrying the hpd gene bound human myeloma immunoglobulin D. Nucleotide sequence analysis identified an 1,092-bp open reading frame that was more than 99% identical to the hpd gene from a nontypeable H. influenzae strain. In the deduced amino acid sequences for protein D, only 2 of 364 amino acid residues differed. The restriction fragment length polymorphism of the hpd region in different strains was analyzed by Southern blot analyses of PstI- or EcoRI-digested genomic DNA from 100 H. influenzae strains. The analysis was performed by using isolated fragments of the cloned hpd gene, originating from the nontypeable H. influenzae 772, as probes. All strains tested had DNA sequences with a high degree of homology to the hpd probes. The analysis also showed that restriction endonuclease sites within the gene were more conserved than sites adjacent to the hpd gene. An interesting difference between type b strains and unencapsulated strains was observed. The majority of type b strains seem to have a 1.4-kbp DNA fragment upstream of the hpd gene that is absent in nontypeable strains. On the basis of the high degree of conservation of the hpd gene among H. influenzae strains, we conclude that protein D is a possible vaccine candidate.