压疮风险预警报告表的设计与应用研究

Objective To elevate the prevention rate and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer inhospi-tal. Methods Design a forecast report chart to assess patients who were in hospital from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2008 by putting this chart in application, from which screen out 1881 patients who were susceptible to high risk of pressure ulcer (patients" risk scale was below 14) . Those patients were regarded as investigation group, and their shin con-difions was observed, and taken effective nursing measures. Using historical contrast, the patients picked out by Braden chart in Jan. 2005-Dec. 2006 were considered as control group. The differences in gender, age, history, and the number of patients between two groups were insignificant (P>0.05) . The high - risk prediction accura-cy rate of pressure ulcer, inevitable pressure ulcer rate, the amount of inevitable pressure ulcer in different depth, and the amount of evitable pressure ulcer were analyzed. Results The high - risk prediction accuracy rote of pres-sure ulcer, inevitable pressure ulcer rate, the amount of inevitable pressure ulcer in Ⅱ depth, and the amount of evitable pressure ulcer inhospital of investigation group were significantly better than those of control group (P < 0.05) . Conclusions The forecast report chart is a more effective in pressure ulcer risk prediction. Predictive nuring , management and supervision for patients with pressure ulcer high risk factors are conducive to the im-provement of the basic nursing quality and thus lower the incidence of pressure ulcer among high risk patients.     

急性白血病患者的心理护理

急性白血病是造血系统的恶性肿瘤，患者常伴有恐惧心理，往往表现情绪低落、忧虑重重、易怒、脾气急躁。在治疗过程中，不仅要全面观察病情变化，还要掌握患者的心理活动，使药物治疗和心理护理有机地结合起来，以达到理想的治疗效果。现就心理护理总结报告如下：     

甘草酸二铵与昂丹司琼不宜配伍

昂丹司琼是5-羟色胺受体拮抗剂类止吐药物,用以防治癌症病人化疗和放疗所引起的呕吐.我们在应用中发现,输注5%葡萄糖250 ml 甘草酸二铵150 mg时,给予昂丹司琼8 mg入壶,即刻发现莫菲滴管内出现乳白色絮状物,停止输液,更换液体,无不良反应发生.为进一步验证此结果,做了如下试验:以10 ml注射器抽取甘草酸二铵5 ml,再抽取昂丹司琼1 ml混合,注射器内立即出现絮状沉淀物,放置24小时无改变,说明甘草酸二铵与昂丹司琼不宜配伍.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的手术配合

目的 探讨肝癌患者行肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)的手术配舍。方法 回顾性总结112例实施TACE的手术配舍方法．包括术前访视给予患者必要的心理支持，术中严密观察病情变化及娴熟的手术配合；术后加强穿刺部位的观察及护理。结果 112例手术配合过程顺利，无1例因疼痛或不良反应终止手术治疗。结论 科学合理的手术配合是TACE手术成功的重要保障。     

压疮风险预警报告表的设计与应用研究

Objective To elevate the prevention rate and reduce the incidence of pressure ulcer inhospi-tal. Methods Design a forecast report chart to assess patients who were in hospital from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2008 by putting this chart in application, from which screen out 1881 patients who were susceptible to high risk of pressure ulcer (patients" risk scale was below 14) . Those patients were regarded as investigation group, and their shin con-difions was observed, and taken effective nursing measures. Using historical contrast, the patients picked out by Braden chart in Jan. 2005-Dec. 2006 were considered as control group. The differences in gender, age, history, and the number of patients between two groups were insignificant (P>0.05) . The high - risk prediction accura-cy rate of pressure ulcer, inevitable pressure ulcer rate, the amount of inevitable pressure ulcer in different depth, and the amount of evitable pressure ulcer were analyzed. Results The high - risk prediction accuracy rote of pres-sure ulcer, inevitable pressure ulcer rate, the amount of inevitable pressure ulcer in Ⅱ depth, and the amount of evitable pressure ulcer inhospital of investigation group were significantly better than those of control group (P < 0.05) . Conclusions The forecast report chart is a more effective in pressure ulcer risk prediction. Predictive nuring , management and supervision for patients with pressure ulcer high risk factors are conducive to the im-provement of the basic nursing quality and thus lower the incidence of pressure ulcer among high risk patients.     

冠心病急诊介入病人的术前需求调查及护理对策

目的了解冠心病急诊介入病人的术前需求,指导临床护理工作。方法对冠心病行急诊介入并接受问卷调查的病人,发放术前需求调查表进行调查。结果大多数病人术前对PCI术不够了解;98.2%的病人认为术前宣教和指导有必要;64.3%的病人术前感到紧张及害怕;病人术前(知识)需求具体方面排在前3位的是手术目的与效果、术中术后注意事项、心理指导;病人对健康教育方式的选择排在前3位的是与医护人员交流、看录像或幻灯及与术后病友交流。结论术前了解冠心病急诊介入病人的需求,便于采取相应的护理干预措施,可减轻病人的不良心理,有利于其术中配合和术后康复。     

平阳霉素联合曲安奈德局部注射治疗口腔颌面部静脉畸形的临床评价

目的观察平阳霉素联合曲安奈德局部注射治疗口腔颌面部静脉畸形的疗效及优越性。方法选择76例口腔颌面部静脉畸形患者,瘤体内注射平阳霉素及曲安奈德一定比例的混合溶液,间隔2—3周重复给药,2～5次为一疗程。结果治疗后随访6～24个月,治愈和基本治愈66例（86．85％）,好转8例（10．52％）,总有效率97．37％。结论平阳霉素联合曲安奈德局部注射治疗口腔颌面部静脉畸形是一种简便、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

气囊尿管拔除困难的处理体会

1983年以来,我们在护理工作中遇到留置气囊尿管后拔除困难者9例,均为气囊的液体不能抽出而发生拔除困难。经选用剪断尿管、抽吸式注水破裂、皮穿刺气囊等方法处理,均成功拔出,现报告如下。     

开展静脉穿刺技术大比武活动的实践与效果

方法按护理单元统计静脉穿刺成功率,分析穿刺失败原因,针对性地开展培训练兵;运用《静脉输液评分标准》和《NPIS疼痛评估法》评分,比较不同层次的护理人员大比武活动前后静脉穿刺成功率及疼痛平均值,进行统计学分析。结果比武前后静脉穿刺成功率进行比较,低年资护士差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,不同层次的护理人员之间静脉穿刺成功率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;大比武前后静脉穿刺疼痛平均值比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论有组织、有计划地开展静脉穿刺技术练兵大比武活动,对提高护理人员的静脉穿刺水平及护理人性化服务水平能起到积极的作用。     

深圳市综合医院护士长健康促进生活方式的调查分析

目的调查护士长健康促进生活方式的现状,为促进其健康生活理念和身心健康提供科学的依据和信息。方法采用健康促进生活方式量表和一般资料调查表对深圳市不同级别医院153名护士长进行问卷调查。结果护士长的生活方式得分为（133．35±20．08）分,生活方式总体处于一般和良好2个水平,分别占39．22％和53．59％,仅有7．19％处于优的水平;在6个亚项中,最好的是人际关系,其次是自我实现,最差的是运动锻炼、压力管理。结论护士长在注重人际关系、自我实现的同时,忽略了运动锻炼及压力管理的重要性。