实验性肝纤维化大鼠肝组织钠-氢交换泵-1的表达

Na^＋/H^-交换泵（NHE）为参与细胞内外Na^＋/H^-交换的细胞膜大分子。已证实有6种形式的NHE，分别命名为NHE1～NHE6，其中以NHE-1组织分布最广泛。NHE-1与人类疾病的关系是近年才刚刚开始研究的领域。其与肝纤维化的关系逐渐被人们认识。近年的研究结果表明，细胞因子、生长因子及氧应激激活HSC都与NHE-1有密切的关系。我们通过观察肝纤维化大鼠肝组织中NHE-1 mRNA表达的变化，以期了解NHE-1在肝纤维化发生发展中的作用。     

Ilizarov外固定器治疗马蹄内翻足的护理

[目的]总结13例马蹄内翻足应用外固定器矫形的护理。[方法]采取心理疏导、针孔护理、密切观察肢体感觉、运动功能,指导正确使用外固定器及康复训练等综合护理。[结果]随访13例患者术后疗效满意,无1例因护理不当出现并发症。[结论]应用外固定器治疗,通过围手术期精心护理,保证了手术的成功,达到了病人的满意。     

电视硬质气管镜治疗大气道良性肿瘤

目的探讨电视硬质气管镜在大气道良性肿瘤治疗中的价值.方法2002年9月～2005年4月,我院应用电视硬质气管镜治疗大气道良性肿瘤7例,其中气管1例,隆突1例,左主支气管3例,右主支气管2例.手术采用静脉全身麻醉,喷射通气供氧,探查评估气道后,首先冷冻或电凝肿瘤,破坏肿瘤血供,再以活检钳分块取出,蒂部采用冷冻或氩气凝固处理;对于宽蒂肿瘤,内镜下将肿瘤主体清除后中转开胸行气管局部切除吻合术.结果7例手术均顺利,无一例死亡和严重并发症发生.6例气管窄蒂良性肿瘤镜下完整摘除,1例气管膜部宽蒂平滑肌瘤先内镜清除肿瘤主体后中转开胸行气管局部切除.术后病理为错构瘤2例,平滑肌瘤3例,嗜酸性肉芽肿性腺瘤1例,炎症组织1例.7例随访3～36个月,平均17.3月,无肿瘤复发.结论电视硬质气管镜治疗大气道良性肿瘤安全可靠.     

护理干预对乙状结肠镜检查老年患者心理状态的影响

目的 了解护理干预对乙状结肠镜检查老年患者心理状态的影响.方法 将400例行乙状结肠镜检查的老年患者随机分为对照组和观察组各200例,对照组检查前行常规护理,观察组检查前进行心理支持、家庭支持、肠道准备指导、饮食指导、放松训练等护理干预.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别测量患者预约时、检查前15min焦虑、抑郁状况,同时测量患者心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP).结果 观察组护理干预后SAS、SDS评分及HR、SBP值与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.01).结论 对行乙状结肠镜检查的老年患者进行检查前护理干预,可减轻其焦虑抑郁程度并缓解其应激反应.     

False positive accumulation in 18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan due to sarcoid reaction following induction chemotherapy for lung cancer

We present a case of lung cancer that showed false positive accumulation in an ¹⁸F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan following induction chemotherapy for suspected metastasis and progression of malignancy. A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma in the lung, classified as clinical stage IIIA (T2N2M0), and underwent induction chemotherapy. An FDG-PET scan prior to chemotherapy demonstrated accumulation only in the tumor, whereas following treatment it revealed a strong accumulation not only in the tumor, but also in the supraclavicular lymph nodes, which indicated lymph node metastasis. The patient underwent a biopsy of the right supraclavicular lymph node and mediastinoscopy, after which all dissected lymph nodes showed sarcoid reactions and no tumor cells were found pathologically. We concluded that when evaluating the effect of induction chemotherapy for malignancy, a sarcoid reaction might lead to the false positive accumulation of FDG.     

Saccular Aneurysm of the Azygos Anterior Cerebral Artery: Three Case Reports

The azygos anterior cerebral artery, a rare anomaly in the circle of Willis in which only a single vessel supplies the medial aspects of both anterior cerebral hemispheres, is closely associated with saccular aneurysms. We present three cases of azygos anterior cerebral artery aneurysms among the 781 cerebral aneurysms surgically treated at our institution in an 11-year period. These three cases all involved elderly women who presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Conventional cerebral angiography and CT angiography revealed small saccular aneurysms at the distal ends of the azygos anterior cerebral arteries. These aneurysms were clipped successfully using a bifrontal interhemispheric approach. Hence, the pathogenesis of these particular aneurysms relating to hemodynamic change, associated anomalies, and surgical pitfalls is discussed with review of literature.     

中国围绝经期妇女体脂含量与骨密度关系的初步研究

目的探讨肌肉、脂肪含量与围绝经期骨质疏松妇女骨密度之间的关系。方法利用双能X线骨密度测量仪(美国,Hologic DiscoveryA型)测量门诊围绝经期妇女(90例,年龄:45~52岁(47.3±8.2))骨密度与体脂含量;同时测量登记受试者的年龄、身高、体重。结果结果显示,21%受试者腰椎和股骨骨量降低,全身脂肪含量(20675.129±5080.44)g与腰椎骨密度(0.91±0.177)g/cm2(P>0.05,r=-0.17)和髋部骨密度(0.99±0.102)g/cm2(P>0.05,r=0.158)没有相关性,肌肉含量(39790.80±6551.54)g与腰椎骨密度没有相关性(P>0.05,r=0.078),但是与髋部骨密度高度正相关(P<0.05,r=0.216)。体重(63.01±9.39)kg和腰椎(P<0.05,r=0.217)和髋部(P<0.05,r=0.305)骨密度高度正相关;BMI指数(24.6751±3.45637)与腰椎(P<0.05,r=0.244)和髋部(P<0.01,r=0.339)骨密度高度正相关。结论研究结果表明BMI指数和肌肉含量与围绝经期妇女髋部骨密度高度相关。     

老年肝内外胆管结石的腹腔镜手术治疗

目的 :探讨老年肝内外胆管结石行腹腔镜手术的可行性、特点及围手术期处理。方法 :应用腹腔镜胆总管切开纤维胆道镜取石治疗老年性肝内外胆管结石 2 0例 ,显露肝门 ,切开胆总管 ,取石 ,胆总管均放置T形管引流。结果 :2 0例手术均获成功 ,1例术后肝内胆管残余结石 ,术后 6周经T管窦道纤维胆道镜取石治愈。 1例 16d拔T管后胆汁性腹膜炎 ,开腹引流治愈。结论 :老年性肝内外胆管结石腹腔镜手术 ,患者创伤小 ,安全 ,疗效满意。     

综合疗法治疗儿童单纯性肥胖症31例

目的探讨综合疗法治疗儿童肥胖症的疗效。方法对31例儿童肥胖症患者进行综合治疗，包括大黄膏身体各部位按摩，用内分泌治疗仪或用远红外线灯照射全身穴位，女患儿加用太空衣治疗，然后采用电脑减肥治疗仪在全身各部位进行治疗。同时制定饮食处方和运动处方并进行行为指导。结果治疗组体重减少5～10k，有效率93．5％；对照组体重减少2～4kg，有效率46．7％。同时腰围明显减小。结论综合疗法治疗儿童肥胖症是很有效的。且无任何不良反应。