应用颈椎椎间融合器27例的临床分析

目的分析颈椎椎间融合器（CFC）临床应用的疗效。方法对27例植入CFC的脊髓型颈椎病随访3个月～3年，平均1．8年，观察CFC临床应用疗效。结果本组术后均无发生严重的并发症。影像学资料证实脊髓和神经根减压明显，椎间融合器（Cage）融合良好。术后JOA评分均恢复至15分以上，无症状恶化或复发者。结论Cage融合固定术治疗颈椎病有手术创伤小、无供区并发症、术后恢复快及手术成功率高等优点。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定莪术中微量元素的含量

目的测定莪术药材中微量元素Cu,Se,Cd,Pb的含量。方法采用湿法消解（HNO3-HC lO4）处理样品,利用石墨炉原子吸收法测定蓬莪术、广西莪术、温莪术药材中的Cu,Se,Cd,Pb微量元素含量。结果3种莪术药材中的4种微量元素没有太大的差别。按标准加入法作了回收率实验,测得值在93.2%～106.4%之间,实验方法的相对标准偏差小于3%。结论该方法简单、准确。     

下颈椎经关节螺钉联合侧块或椎弓根螺钉固定的效果

Objective To discuss the effect of transarticular screws combined with lateral mass screws or pedicle screws through posterior approach in the lower cervical spine. Methods From February 2003 to October 2007, 22 patients were treated using transarticular screws internal fixation combined with lateral mass screws or pedicle screws in Axis plating system and Vertex system. There were cervical fracture and dislocation in 13 patients, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in 4, cervical canal stenosis associated with dentoid process fracture in 1, and cervical disc herniation associated with cervical stenosis in 4 patients. Lamina or facet bone grafting were used to achieve a long-term stability, with decompression and anterior approach or not. The starting point for screw insertion was located 1 mm medial to the midpoint of the lateral mass and the direction of the screw was 40° caudally in the sagittal plane and 20° laterally in the axial plane. Results All screws insertion was successful. A total of 45 transarticular screws were inserted, with 2 in C4,5, 39 in C5,6 and 4 in C6,7. A total of 12 lateral mass screws were inserted, with 6 in C3 and 6 in C4. A total of 41 pedicle screws were inserted, with 4 in C2, 2 in C3 and 6 in C4, 21 in C7 and 8 in T1. There was no complication related to screw insertion, such as injury to the vertebral artery, nerve roots or spine cord. The follow-up period ranged from 10 months to 3 years and 8 months (mean 17 months). All cases got bone fusion. Only one instance of screw partial backout was identified, but fusion was achieved in all pa-tients. In the follow-up period, only one instance of screw partial backout was identified, but fusion was achieved in all patients. Conclusion The combined use of transarticular screws and lateral mass screws or pedicle screws fixation in the lower cervical spine can enlarge the advantages of strong stability,relatively simple, and reduce operating risk when performed appropriately.     

地震伤患者医院感染目标性监测

对某院收治的50名地震伤员进行医院感染目标性监测，有效地预防与控制医院感染的发生。通过分类安置伤员，专人目标监测，严格执行消毒隔离制度及手卫生、标准预防措施等，将医院感染发生率降至最低：仅1例重症挤压伤者发生医院感染，医院感染率为2．00％。     

椎弓根固定及椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎退行性椎管狭窄症

腰椎退变性椎管狭窄症多见于中老年患者,一旦出现明显的神经压迫或间歇跛行症状,多需要手术治疗。以往采用只减压不Ⅰ期融合的方法治疗,具有简单、有效、费用低廉等优点,是一种公认的技术。但随着相关研究的深入,经过较长时间的随访发现,部分患者效果不理想,随访5年以上的优良率为50·0%~70·8%,说明了恢复腰椎稳定性对腰椎手术远期疗效的重要性。2001年2月-2004年10月,采用腰椎管减压、椎间Cage植骨融合、椎弓根内固定术式治疗36例腰椎退变性椎管狭窄症患者取得了满意的疗效。1临床资料本组36例,男16例,女20例;年龄32~69岁,平均为50·3岁…     

枕骨大孔区腹侧脑膜瘤的显微手术技术探讨

目的探讨远外侧入路在治疗枕骨大孔区腹侧脑膜瘤中的应用。方法对14例脑膜瘤患者采用远外侧入路显微手术治疗,其中枕髁后入路8例,经部分枕髁入路3例,经C1、2关节面侧方联合部分枕髁入路2例,经完整枕髁入路1例。结果肿瘤全切11例,次全切除3例;1例行枕颈融合,无手术死亡病例。所有患者术后均未出现寰枕关节不稳定的症状,手术并发症主要是后组颅神经损伤、椎动脉损伤、脑脊液漏以及脑干缺血。结论远外侧入路是手术治疗下斜坡区和上段颈髓腹侧、腹外侧病变的理想入路,可以理想显露肿瘤及其基底部并减少术中出血,但手术操作比较复杂且具有一定的风险。     

射频消融治疗预激综合征快速心律失常12例报告

射频消融治疗预激综合征快速心律失常１２例报告杨清波王辉宇杨鹏伟陈明绍张爱果乔瑞云（河南省三门峡市人民医院三门峡市４７２０００本文报告我们自１９９４年９月～１９９６年５月应用射频消融术治疗１２例预激综合征快速心律失常的情况。临床资料一般资料本组共１２例...     

护理教育对整体护理进程的影响

近年来 ,整体护理作为当代护理科学发展的必然趋势和显著特征 ,已经受到社会的普遍关注。护理工作者是护理实践的主体 ,护士观念的养成与行为的改变主要受护理教育的影响 ,从这个意义上讲 ,护理教育在推动整体护理实施进程中起着举足轻重的作用。正确认识护理教育活动中教师的知识、态度、行为对学生的影响 ,有针对性地采取对策提高护理教育水平 ,将有效地推动整体护理的实施。1　充分认识教师在护理教育活动中的地位和作用教育是教育者有目的的向受教育者施加影响的过程。在教育过程中每个参与者可以相互交换信息、感情、认识、看法、与彼…