动脉插管处不同采血方法对血液检查结果的影响

心脏直视手术后，从病人动脉插管处采用不同的方法采血，然后进行血气分析及血钾、血钠含量测定。结果显示：直接采血与先抽出１ｍｌ、２ｍｌ、３ｍｌ、４ｍｌ间有显著性差异。建议临床采血时，应先抽出１ｍｌ血，再采取血标本，以保证检验结果的准确性。     

腹腔镜与开腹肝门部胆管癌根治术的临床疗效对比

目的探讨肝门部胆管癌完全腹腔镜手术与开放性手术的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2017年3月至2021年3月45例采用完全腹腔镜手术和42例采用开放性手术行肝门部胆管癌根治术患者的临床资料, 比较两组患者围手术期情况及生存率, 评价其疗效。结果两组一般资料、Bismuth 分型和手术术式比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。腹腔镜组手术耗时多于开腹组(t=-1.366, P<0.05)。腹腔镜组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫个数、术后住院时间均优于开腹组(t值分别为0.043, 0.026, -1.852, 均P<0.05), 完成R0根治术的情况、术后并发症情况亦优于开腹组(χ2值分别为3.216, 2.566, 均P<0.05), 腹腔镜组均优于开腹组。术后病理学检查、住院费用比较两组差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。腹腔镜组术后1、3年生存率优于开腹组(均P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治术相较于开放性手术提高了根治性切除率, 缩短了住院时间, 延长了患者术后生存期。     

胆总管探查一期缝合鼻胆管引流与T管引流治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的临床研究

目的:比较腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查一期缝合鼻胆管引流与T管引流的临床疗效,探讨胆总管一期缝合联合鼻胆管引流的可行性。方法:回顾分析2018年10月至2019年10月130例行腹腔镜胆囊切除、胆总管探查术患者的临床资料。按手术方式分为一期缝合鼻胆管引流组(研究组,n=66)与T管引流组(对照组,n=64),比较两组患者一般资料、手术总时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后首次下床活动时间、术后补液量、术后拔管时间、术后并发症发生率、术后住院时间、住院总费用等数据。结果:两组患者术前一般资料、术前合并症、肝功能、胆总管直径、胆总管结石数量与大小、手术总时间、术中出血量、术后并发症例数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后排气时间、术后下床活动时间、术后补液量、术后拔管时间、术后住院时间、住院总费用等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:严格掌握手术适应证的前提下行腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查一期缝合鼻胆管引流安全、有效;相较T管引流具有加速康复、缩短住院时间、减轻住院费用等优势,值得临床进一步推广。     

微创理念下慢性胰腺炎胰管结石的个体化治疗

目的 探讨在微创理念下采用ERCP或外科手术,个体化选择最适合的方案,改善慢性胰腺炎胰管结石的治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析我院2007年2月至2014年3月采用ERCP介入或外科手术治疗慢性胰腺炎胰管结石38例患者的临床资料.结果 32例(84.2％)患者接受ERCP介入治疗,成功27例;11例(含5例内镜治疗失败者)采用外科手术治疗.完全ERCP组疼痛治疗有效率为85.2％ (23/27),手术组有效率为72.7％ (8/11).糖尿病和腹泻情况在ERCP及手术治疗前后无明显变化.未发生围手术期死亡病例.随访期间1例死于糖尿病肾衰,1例死于胰腺癌.结论 慢性胰腺炎胰管结石确诊后在微创理念下强调以个体化治疗为原则的综合治疗.采用内镜技术的微创治疗以及尽可能保留胰腺组织和功能的微创手术方式,均可以取得较为满意的治疗效果.     

组织特异性CD/5-FC热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝转移的影响

胞嘧啶脱氨酶（Cytosinedeaminase,CD／5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）系统作为大肠癌尤其是结肠癌肝转移基因治疗应用最为广泛的自杀基因治疗系统,但其治疗的靶向性比较低;我们前期大量的细胞实验已经证明癌胚抗原（CEA）转录调控序列（TRS）可以调控胞嘧啶脱氨酶（CD）基因在CEA阳性的结肠癌组织中高效表达,     

组织特异性胞嘧啶脱氨酶和5-氟胞嘧啶热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝脏转移的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of tissue specific cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine (CD/5-FC) thermotherapy on hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma in nude mice. Methods Forty-five nude mice were randomly divided into control group, 5-FC group and 5-FC thermotherapy group according to the random number table (15 mice in each group). Mice models of hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma were established by portal vein injection of LoVo/CEACD cells. The hepatic metastasis rate and number of metastatic nodules of the 3 groups were compared by ehi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The pathological changes in tumor tissues and apoptotic index of tumor cells were observed. The expression of the CD gene in tumor tissues was detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The number of metastatic nodules and liver metas-tasis rate were 4.6±1.3 and 100.0% in control group, 2.2±1.0 and 60.0% in 5-FC group, 0.5±0.8 and 13.3% in 5-FC thermotherapy group, with statistical difference among the 3 groups (F=25.898, χ2=5.208, 19.548, 5.168, P<0.05). The mean apoptotic indexes of tumor cells of the 3 groups were 4.6%, 9.9% and 17.4%, respectively. Vacuolar degeneration, cell necrosis, cytolysis and apoptotic bodies were mostly observed in the 5-FC thermotherapy group. The expression of CD gene in tumor tissue was detected in all the groups. Conclusion Tissue specific CD/5-FC thermotherapy has inhibitory effects on the hepatic metastasis of LoVo cells transfected with CD gene.     

前药热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝转移的作用

目的 观察胞嘧啶脱氨酶/5-氟胞嘧啶(CD/5-FC)系统热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝转移的作用.方法 45只裸鼠随机分为3组,分别给予不同的治疗方法,观察各组肝转移率、肝转移瘤数目、病理学变化、肿瘤细胞凋亡指数,检测肿瘤组织中CD基因的表达情况.结果 对照组、5-FC治疗组、5-FC热疗组平均肝脏转移瘤数和肝脏转移率分别为4.6000±1.2649、2.2000±0.9189、0.5000±0.8498;100%、40%、20%;肿瘤细胞凋亡指数平均为4.59%、9.87%和17.40%,5-FC热疗组可见较多的凋亡小体形成.结论 CD/5-FC系统热化疗对裸鼠转CD基因LoVo细胞结肠癌肝转移有明显的抑制作用.     

组织特异性胞嘧啶脱氨酶和5-氟胞嘧啶热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝脏转移的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of tissue specific cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine (CD/5-FC) thermotherapy on hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma in nude mice. Methods Forty-five nude mice were randomly divided into control group, 5-FC group and 5-FC thermotherapy group according to the random number table (15 mice in each group). Mice models of hepatic metastasis of colonic carcinoma were established by portal vein injection of LoVo/CEACD cells. The hepatic metastasis rate and number of metastatic nodules of the 3 groups were compared by ehi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The pathological changes in tumor tissues and apoptotic index of tumor cells were observed. The expression of the CD gene in tumor tissues was detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The number of metastatic nodules and liver metas-tasis rate were 4.6±1.3 and 100.0% in control group, 2.2±1.0 and 60.0% in 5-FC group, 0.5±0.8 and 13.3% in 5-FC thermotherapy group, with statistical difference among the 3 groups (F=25.898, χ2=5.208, 19.548, 5.168, P<0.05). The mean apoptotic indexes of tumor cells of the 3 groups were 4.6%, 9.9% and 17.4%, respectively. Vacuolar degeneration, cell necrosis, cytolysis and apoptotic bodies were mostly observed in the 5-FC thermotherapy group. The expression of CD gene in tumor tissue was detected in all the groups. Conclusion Tissue specific CD/5-FC thermotherapy has inhibitory effects on the hepatic metastasis of LoVo cells transfected with CD gene.     

腹腔镜下胆道镜联合液电碎石经胆囊管治疗胆总管巨大结石的临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下胆道镜联合液电碎石经胆囊管治疗胆道巨大结石的疗效。方法:回顾分析2005年1月至2013年11月84例因梗阻性黄疸、胆总管巨大结石行腹腔镜下胆道镜联合液电碎石经胆囊管取石患者的临床资料。结果:80例成功完成手术。1例因胆道出血中转开腹行胆总管切开止血、取石+T管引流术;1例患者怀疑胆道下段肿瘤中转开腹探查并行胰十二指肠切除术,术中冰冻病理证实为胆管癌;1例患者经胆囊管取石毕发现乳头下端狭窄,术中行内镜逆行胰胆管造影及乳头肌切开后胆汁流出通畅;1例患者因Mirizzi综合征导致胆囊三角区粘连紧密从而中转开腹行胆总管切开取石、T管引流术。术后均无出血、胆漏、胆总管损伤等并发症发生,术后住院7~11 d。结论:腹腔镜下胆道镜联合液电碎石经胆囊管取石术治疗胆总管巨大结石安全、可靠,手术微创,结石清除率高,并发症少;对于胆囊管粗短直、入口较大的患者,可直接置入胆道镜探查取石,损伤小,优点突出,值得临床应用。     

组织特异性CD/5-FC系统热化疗治疗裸鼠结肠癌肝转移瘤的安全性

目的: 探讨组织特异性胞嘧啶脱氨酶/5-氟胞嘧啶(CD/5-FC)系统热化疗对裸鼠结肠癌肝转移模型治疗的安全性.方法:30只裸鼠经门静脉注射转染CD基因的人结肠癌LOVO细胞,建立结肠癌肝转移模型,随机分为对照组、热化疗组和化疗组,分别经腹腔注射生理盐水、43 ℃前药5-FC和室温前药5-FC[均为500 mg/(kg·d)]进行治疗.治疗21 d后处死裸鼠,取各组裸鼠肝脏转移瘤组织、正常肝组织及胃、肺、胰腺、小肠及大肠组织作病理检测;RT-PCR检测各组织的CD基因表达.结果:常规病理检测显示对照组肝转移瘤组织细胞生长活跃,热化疗组较化疗组肝转移瘤细胞生长受抑制更明显;3组裸鼠正常肝组织及胃、肺、胰腺、小肠和大肠组织均呈正常形态,无明显病理改变.RT-PCR检测显示,3组肝脏转移瘤组织CD基因表达稳定,均见154 bp条带;显示3组裸鼠正常肝组织及胃、肺、胰腺、小肠和大肠组织均无CD基因表达.结论:组织特异性CD/5-FC系统热化疗明显提高了CD基因表达的靶向性,减少了热化疗引起的正常组织损伤,该治疗系统有较好的安全性.