旋毛虫感染早期小鼠肠道病理变化及免疫调节相关细胞因子表达的研究

目的 探究旋毛虫感染早期如何诱导肠道病理变化及免疫调节相关细胞因子表达情况。方法 通过苏木素伊红染色方法观察旋毛虫感染BALB/c鼠早期4个关键时间节点肠道病理学变化,采用电化学发光免疫分析法(Meso Scale Discovery,MSD)检测感染早期肠系膜淋巴结相关细胞因子表达情况。结果 肠道病理学结果表明,肠粘膜增厚,嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,数量明显增多。MSD结果显示,感染后6 h肠系膜淋巴结Th1型细胞因子(IL-2)表达水平显著降低,其他细胞因子无显著变化;感染后3 d至6 d,Th1型细胞因子(IL-2、IFN-γ)和Th2型细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)表达水平均显著升高,呈Th1 / Th2混合型免疫应答。结论 旋毛虫感染后6 h至6 d肠道炎症随感染时间延长加重,感染后6 h Th1型免疫应答受到抑制,随后旋毛虫通过诱导机体产生以Th2型为主的混合型免疫应答,实现旋毛虫在机体内的长期寄生。     

细辛、杜仲及其合剂对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠模型抗氧化系统影响的实验研究

本实验以Ｄ－半乳糖所致的衰老小鼠模型为研究对象,观察了超氧化物歧化酶、一氧化氮合成酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶随龄变化以及细辛、杜仲在不同用药时间（１５、３０、４５天）对上述小鼠指标的影响,初步探讨这几种不同中药抗衰老的作用机制。     

脉络膜黑色素瘤的X—刀治疗

目的探讨Ｘ－刀治疗脉络膜黑色素瘤的疗效及照射剂量。方法采用６０％～８０％等剂量曲线覆盖靶区,肿瘤边界最小剂量１８．４～２７Ｇｙ,平均３７．９Ｇｙ。治疗脉络膜黑色素瘤９例。结果平均随访１８．７个月。眼球保留率８８．９％（８／９）。治疗后１年计算机层摄影（ＣＴ）、磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）检查结果示：肿瘤消失１例,缩小４例,无变化３例,进展１例。肿瘤周边剂量≤２０Ｇｙ组有效率为２５％（１／４）比＞２０Ｇｙ组     

冠状动脉支架术后应用低分子肝素抗凝的疗效观察

目的：观察经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PTCA) 支架置入术后应用低分子肝素抗凝与普通肝素相比的安全性及有效性.方法：对76例冠心痛患者置入96个支架．在1个月的短期随访中,观察术后低分子肝素抗凝和普通肝素对PTCA 支架术后各种心脏事件发生的影响及其副作用。结果：在PTCA 支架术后,皮下应用低分子肝素可使各种心脏事件发生率降低,未发生严重出血并发症及支架内血栓。结论：PTCA 支架术后使用低分子肝素代替普通肝素是安全有效的。     

Hd-OCT测量正常青少年黄斑部视网膜厚度的研究

目的 应用频域OCT（Hd-OCT）测量正常青少年黄斑部视网膜厚度范围。方法 选择2018年1月~2019年1月我院眼科门诊查体的青少年345例（528眼）,均行光学相干断层成像仪（Zeiss Hd-OCT）进行测量,比较不同性别和眼别黄斑区分区视网膜厚度（A1~A9）。结果 Hd-OCT扫描检查的345例青少年黄斑区的OCT扫描形态呈两边高,中间低的特点。不同性别相同区域视网膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。不同眼别相同区域视网膜厚度比较,差异无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。黄斑中心区域内（直径1 mm）最薄,黄斑的内环区域（直径1~3 mm）最厚,外环区域（直径3~6 mm）较内环区域（直径1~3 mm）薄。在直径为1~3 mm的内环区,黄斑区视网膜厚度值依次为A5＞A4＞A2＞A3。在直径为3~6 mm的外环区,黄斑区视网膜厚度值依次是A9＞A6＞A8＞A7。结论 Hd-OCT测量青少年黄斑区视网膜厚度有一定临床意义,可以建立青少年黄斑视网膜厚度的正常值数据库,为青少年黄斑发育的评估、黄斑疾病的定量检查、治疗后随访提供参考依据。     

撬拨复位多针固定治疗跟骨骨折40例

如Magnusom说,没有一种骨折像跟骨骨折那样带来30%～70%的足部功能障碍。骨圆针撬拨复位是一种传统而有效的治疗方法,在临床上不断得到应用与推广,取得了很好的疗效。笔者采用撬拨复位多枚克氏针内固定治疗跟骨骨折40例,收到较好疗效,并与切开复位内固定治疗的40例作对照观察,现报告如下。     

白血病患者造血干细胞移植前单次全身照射的预后分析

Objective To analyze the prognostic factors of patients with leukemia treated with single fraction total body irradiation (SFTBI) followed by hernatopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods From January 2001 to September 2008, 102 patients received HSCT. The differences of the survival rate, relapse rate and incidence of interstitial pneumonia (IP) between groups regarding different genders, ages, pathological types, transplantation methods and TBI parameters were compared and the factors related with the survival rate, relapse rate and incidence of IP were analyzed. Results The followup time ranged from 15 to 1482 days (median, 406 days). The follow-up rate was 95.1%. 86 and 55patients were followed up more than one year and three years. The 1-and 3-year survival rates were 59.0%and 44.0%. In univariate analysis, the 3-year survival rate was signifcantly different between the groups with and without relapse before transplantation (20% vs. 55%, χ2 = 6.33, P = 0. 012), allogeneictranplantation versus autologous tranplantation (39% vs. 68%, χ2 = 8.06, P = 0.005), grade 3 or more acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and grade 0 -2 aGVHD (0% vs. 54%, χ2 = 7.52, P = 0.006),with and without relapse after transplantation (19% vs. 58%, χ2 = 10.13, P =0.001), with and without IP (23% vs. 58%, χ2 =8.35, P=0.004). Multivariate analysis showed that grade 3 or more aGVHD was the only statistically significant prognostic factors (χ2 = 12. 74 ,P =0. 000). The l-and 3-year relapse rateswere 30. 0% and 50. 0%. The incidence of relapse was obviously higher in the group with relapse before transplantation than that without (47% vs. 16%, χ2 =7. 32, P=0. 007). Multivariate analysis showed thatrelapse before transplantation was a significant factor predicting relapse after transplantation (χ2 = 9. 39,P =0. 020). The cumulative incidence of IP was 35.0%. The incidence of IP was different between groups with dose homogeneity > 3% and ≤ 3% (27% vs. 4%, χ2 = 5. 21, P = 0. 023), with and without acute parotitis (34% vs. 3%, χ2 = 14. 15, P= 0.000), allogeneic transplantation group and autologous transplantation group (31% vs. 8%, χ2= 7.70, P= 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that transplantation methods, acute parotitis and dose homogeneity were statistically significant factors in predictingIP (χ2 = 10. 08 , 10. 08 and 7.69 , P = 0. 002 , 0. 002 and 0. 010 , respectively) . Conclusions Patients who develop grade 3 or higher aGVHD have poor prognosis. Dose homogeneity influences the incidence of IP. Patients undergoing allogeneic transplantation are apt to have IP. Acute parotitis is related with IP and might be a predictor.     

新型国产覆膜支架腔内修复肾下型腹主动脉瘤的临床对照研究：近-中期随访结果与单中心经验总结

BACKGROUND: Limited by the high financial burden of stent-graft and proof of evident-based medicine, the popularization of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, a mini-invasive method, is impeded in China. In order to reduce costs, development of domestic-made stents is imperative, but the relative research is still rare. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of domestic-made stent-graft (Percutek) and Gore Excluder in the endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. METHODS: From January to November 2014, there were 32 male patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm, aged 56-79 years old with mean age of (70.2±6.9) years, admitted in the Vascular Surgery Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Clinical data were collected and retrospectively analyzed. There were 11 cases undergoing domestic-made stent-graft repair and 21 undergoing Gore Excluder repair. Aortic CT angiography was performed at 1 and 6 months after surgery, and every 6 months thereafter to evaluate the effect of the two modalities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Domestic-made stent-grafts were successfully implanted into the 11 patients, and there were 1 case of late type I endoleak, 1 of type II endoleak, 1 of iliac occlusion and 1 of death after surgery. Totally 11 stent-graft trunks, 18 iliac stent-grafts, 1 Cuff, and 1 bare metal stent were implanted in the domestic-made stent-graft group (2.8 stents/case). Totally 21 patients were subjected to Gore Excluder repair with the success rate of 90%, and 2 cases of intraoperative I type endoleak (10%), 2 of postoperative I type endoleak and 2 of postoperative II type endoleak were observed. Totally 21 stent-graft trunks, 28 iliac stent-grafts and 3 Cuff were implanted in the Gore Excluder group (2.47 stents/case). These results suggest that the novel domestic-made stent-graft has achieved a satisfactory outcome in endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, showing no significant differences in related indicators with the Gore Excluder; however, the long-term outcomes still need to be further studied.     

不同剂量的曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射联合光凝治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞合并黄斑水肿的疗效观察

目的比较不同剂量的曲安奈德(TA)行玻璃体腔注射联合光凝治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)合并黄斑水肿的疗效。方法本研究纳入缺血型BRVO患者78例78眼,病程均3月,将所有患者随机分为2组,A组40例(40眼),行玻璃体腔注射TA 2 mg,B组38例(38眼)行玻璃体腔注射TA 4 mg,2组患者均于2周后行视网膜局部光凝及黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗。分析比较2组治疗前后眼前节、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、光学相干断层扫描(OCT)的改变。结果 A组、B组治疗前后BCVA及黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)均较治疗前明显改善(P均0.05)。A组与B组间治疗后BCVA及CMT差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组、B组治疗前眼压比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗后2周A组眼压与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),B组眼压与治疗前比较明显升高(P0.05);治疗后2周,B组眼压较A组显著升高(P0.05)。治疗后1,3,6月B组眼压与A组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论不同剂量的TA玻璃体腔注射联合光凝治疗BRVO合并黄斑水肿均可起到持久的疗效,小剂量的TA玻璃体腔注射明显减少TA所引起的并发症,效果更佳。     

放射治疗39例恶性肉芽肿的远期疗效

目的：阐明单纯放射治疗恶性肉芽肿的远期疗效及其和预后有关的某些因素。材料与方法：本文回顾性分析了北京医院放疗科目１９８０年１月至１９９１年６月共收治的病理诊断为恶性肉芽肿的患者３９例，中位年龄４０岁。原发病变累及早个解剖部位的占２３例（５９％），累及２个或２个以上解剖部位的１６例（４１％）：伴有发热症状者１４例（３６％）：分别于放疗始、放疗中、放疗终给予环已亚硝脲（ＣＣＮＵ）１００－１２０ｍｇ的患者８例（２０．５％）。全组均来用体外照射，８２％的患考肿瘤剂量ＤＴ为５０－６０Ｇｙ／５－６周。结果：全组３年，５年，１０年生存率分别为７４％，６３％及４５％。病变累及单个解剖部位的较累及２个或２个以上解部部位的３年，５年生存率高（Ｐ值均等于０．０３），但１０年生存率统计学无显著差别（Ｐ＝０．２０）。配合使用ＣＣＮＵ对疗效无影响。比较有无发热症状的３年，５年，１０年生存率无显著差异。１０年以上生存者远期放射反应轻微。结论：放射治疗恶性肉芽肿的远期效果良好，肿瘤吸收剂量以５０～６０Ｇｙ／５－６周为宜。