pH值对IFN-α2b、rIL-2、ADM合用维拉帕米对人肝癌细胞杀伤作用的影响

目的　观察培养液在 pH值为 6 .8、7.3、7.6条件下rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米对人肝癌细胞 74 0 4杀伤作用的影响。方法　MTT法于 96孔培养板上进行杀伤实验 ,测定培养液pH值分别为 6 .8、7.3、7.6状态下 ,rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM、及与维拉帕米联合杀伤人肝癌细胞 70 4 0的差异。结果　pH值为 7.6状态下rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米杀伤效果最佳。pH值为 6 .8、7.3、7.6时 ,IFN -α2b都能增加ADM抗肿瘤作用 ,但pH值为 7.6时 ,IFN -α2b +ADM杀伤效果最佳。结论　在偏硷性环境下 ,rIL - 2、IFN -α2b、ADM及合用维拉帕米对肿瘤细胞杀伤效果最佳     

The Application of Topical Anesthesia Combined with Subconjunctival Anesthesia for Glaucoma Surgery

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, reliability and analgesia effect of topical anesthesia combined with subconjunctival anesthesia in anti-glaucomatous surgery.Methods: Two hundred and four cases (357 eyes) underwent anti-glaucomatous surgeries under topical anesthesia with 0.5％ Alcaine eye drops combined with subconjunctival anesthesia with 2％ Lidocaine. The analgesic effect was analysed with visual analogue pain scale.Results: Among all of 357 eyes, 62 eyes underwent peripheral iridectomy, 67 eyes underwent simple trabeculectomy, 167 eyes underwent compound brabeculectomy and 12 eyes nonpenetrating trabecular surgery. The effects of anesthesia were as follows: 304 eyes (85.2％) were painless (Grade Ⅰ), 50 eyes (14.0％) were slight painful (Grade Ⅱ), and 3 eyes (0.8％) were more painful (Grade Ⅲ) during surgery. And no severe complications were observed in all the cases during surgery and postoperatively. Amaurosis fugax was not observed in the glaucoma patients at the late stage with narrow vi     

多种血管新生指标在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及敏感性比较

目的　探讨血管新生指标CD34、CD31、vWF、Ⅳ型胶原纤维及层粘连蛋白在肝细胞肝癌(HCC)中的表达及意义 ,同时比较上述几种血管新生因子与增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、病理指标及预后的相关性 ,以便筛选出有效的临床预后指标。方法　采用免疫组化方法 ,对 5 3例肝细胞肝癌的标本进行CD31、CD34、vWF、Ⅳ型胶原纤维及层粘连蛋白的染色、计数 ,并用检测数据与患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果　统计染色的血管面积后发现 ,CD34与多种临床病理指标无相关性 ;CD31与肝内门静脉浸润相关 ;vWF与肿瘤的TNM分期及肝内门静脉浸润呈正相关 ;CollⅣ与肝内门静脉浸润呈正相关、与术后生存期呈负相关 ;Lam与肝硬化及术中出血量呈负相关、与术后生存期呈正相关。PCNA与肿瘤TNM分期有关。结论　在HCC中 ,CollⅣ、vWF、及CD31为肝细胞肝癌的有效血管新生及预后指标 ;Lam则与肝硬化及术中出血相关 ;PCNA指数肿瘤分期有关 ;CD34不能用作血管新生或预后指标     

心理干预对宫颈癌患者心理问题的作用

宫颈癌是严重危害妇女健康的恶性肿瘤之一，当前的治疗方法是以手术为主，切除患者子宫不同部位，会导致患者周期性例假消失，性生活质量降低，身体激素分泌失衡，加上术后全身性的治疗，给患者带来心理上不同程度的创伤，出现很多心理问题。暴怒、悲伤、焦虑等可以引起免疫力的降低，这对于治病是不利的。有一些病人能正确对待疾病，配合医师进行治疗，情绪稳定，与疾病斗争的意志较强，往往比那些被癌症吓得不知所措的病人治疗效果要好得多。     

无国界医生在救援中备灾的重要性

无国界医生致力于应对天灾和战祸所引起的人道医疗危机。灾后实时爆发的人道医疗危机包括急性的外科创伤问题和基础医疗系统的破坏导致疫症发生。本文介绍了无国界医生的救援经验以及专业的备灾体系。     

Ischemia-reperfusion of small liver remnant promotes liver tumor growth and metastases--activation of cell invasion and migration pathways.

Elucidating the mechanism of liver tumor growth and metastasis after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury of a small liver remnant will lay the foundation for the development of therapeutic strategies to target small liver remnant injury, and will reduce the likelihood of tumor recurrence after major hepatectomy or liver transplantation for liver cancer patients. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of hepatic I/R injury of a small liver remnant on liver tumor development and metastases, and to explore the precise molecular mechanisms. A rat liver tumor model that underwent partial hepatic I/R injury with or without major hepatectomy was investigated. Liver tumor growth and metastases were compared among the groups with different surgical stress. An orthotopic liver tumor nude mice model was used to further confirm the invasiveness of the tumor cells from the above rat liver tumor model. Significant tumor growth and intrahepatic metastasis (5 of 6 vs. 0 of 6, P=0.015), and lung metastasis (5 of 6 vs. 0 of 6, P=0.015) were found in rats undergoing I/R and major hepatectomy compared with the control group, and was accompanied by upregulation of mRNA levels for Cdc42, ROCK (Rho kinase), and vascular endothelial growth factor, as well as activation of hepatic stellate cells. Most of the nude mice implanted with liver tumor from rats under I/R injury and major hepatectomy developed intrahepatic and lung metastases. In conclusion, hepatic I/R injury of a small liver remnant exacerbated liver tumor growth and metastasis by marked activation of cell adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis pathways.     

脂肪性肝病的治疗对策

当前酒精性肝病(ALD)患病率居高不下，而非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)发病率不断攀高，且起病渐趋低龄化，两者与病毒性肝炎并存者亦不少见。更为可怕的是，NAFLD不但与ALD相似，可导致肝硬化、肝细胞癌和肝功能衰竭，而且与2型糖尿病以及动脉硬化性心脑血管事件关系密切。然而迄今尚缺乏防治脂肪性肝病(FLD)的特效药物，现有对策主要为“提高认识、综合防治，加强宣教，重在实施”。     

^H磁共振波谱在恶性胶质瘤与脑单发转移瘤鉴别诊断中的应用

目的:探讨1H磁共振波谱(1HMRS)鉴别恶性胶质瘤与脑单发转移瘤的价值.材料和方法:选择经病理证实的22例单发脑肿瘤患者(14例脑胶质瘤,8例脑转移瘤)术前行常规和增强MRI扫描及1HMRS.对其中16例患者术后6个月后进行MRI复查.结果:14例脑胶质瘤患者胆碱复合物波高高于脑转移瘤;肿瘤增强区肌醇波高及肿瘤周围区谷氨酸及谷氨酰胺(Glu-n)波高高于脑转移瘤.8例脑转移瘤患者肿瘤增强区Glu-n波高高于脑胶质瘤.术后复查MRI,3例出现复发,1HMRS显示Glu-n及脂质波高显著升高(占18.8%).结论:1HMRS鉴别恶性胶质瘤与脑单发转移瘤有诊断价值,并可对预后判定提供帮助.     

石榴叶鞣质对高血脂小鼠糖代谢影响及其机制

目的：探讨石榴叶鞣质对高脂小鼠糖代谢的影响以及降糖的作用机制。方法：通过高脂饮食建立高脂并高血糖小鼠，灌胃石榴叶鞣质，观察小鼠血清糖脂的变化，肝糖元含量；通过体外HepG2细胞实验观察石榴叶鞣质对葡萄糖的利用及其胞内糖元含量变化。结果：灌胃石榴叶鞣质8周后，高脂小鼠外周血总胆固醇、甘油三酯和血糖均有明显降低，肝糖元升高；体外实验石榴叶鞣质可以明显促进HepG2细胞对葡萄糖的利用，增加胞内糖元含量。结论：石榴叶鞣质对高脂合并的高血糖有明显的降低作用，其作用机制可能与增加肝内糖元转化有关。