肾细胞癌亚型微血管密度的检测

0引言肿瘤的发生、发展与血管生成密切相关,微血管密度(microvascular density,MVD)能准确反映血管生成活跃程度.研究表明,肾细胞癌不同亚型的生物学特性及预后亦有所不同[1].我们对肾细胞癌亚型的MVD情况进行了研究,旨在探讨肾细胞癌亚型血管生成有无差异.     

MLC20磷酸化在PKCα、PKCε调节失血性休克大鼠血管钙敏感性中的作用

目的 观察肌球蛋白轻链(MLC20)磷酸化在蛋白激酶Cα(protein kinase Cα,PKCα)、蛋白激酶Cε(protein kinase Cε,PKCε)调节大鼠失血性休克后血管钙敏感性中的作用,进一步探讨休克血管钙失敏的发生机制.方法 采用缺氧大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cell,VSMC)和失血性休克后大鼠肠系膜上动脉(superior mesenteric artery,SMA),运用Western blot、底物磷酸化等技术方法,观察PKCα、PKCε激动剂作用下,以及抑制CPI-17、ILK、ZIPK后再给予PKCα、PKCε激动剂时,肌球蛋白轻链磷酸酶(myosin light chain phosphatase,MLCP)活性和MLC20磷酸化的变化.结果 ①缺氧2 h后VSMC中MLCP活性增高至正常对照的150.1%(P＜0.01),PKCα、PKCε激动剂可显著抑制其增高,使其分别降低至正常对照的103.0%和96.3%(P＜0.01),抑制CPI-17、ILK、ZIPK,可显著抑制PKCα激动剂降低MLCP活性的作用,使其分别增高至正常对照的136.7%、127.6%和116.7%(P＜0.01);抑制CPI-17、ILK、ZIPK,也可显著抑制PKCε激动剂降低MLCP活性的作用,使其分别增高至134.0%、128.5%和126.0%(P＜0.01).②失血性休克2 h后SMA中MLC20磷酸化水平由32.4%显著降低至10.4%(P＜0.01),PKCα、PKCε激动剂可显著抑制其降低,使其分别增高至26.4%和25.6%(P＜0.01),抑制CPI-17、ILK、ZIPK,可显著削弱PKCα激动剂的增高MLC20磷酸化的作用,使其分别降低至12.7%、10.0%和15.7%(P＜0.01);也可显著削弱PKCε激动剂增高MLC20磷酸化的作用,使其分别降低至10.1%、12.5%和10.3%(P＜0.01).结论 PKCα、PKCε可能通过CPI-17、ILK、ZIPK调节MLCP活性和MLC20磷酸化,调节失血性休克血管平滑肌的钙敏感性.     

康赛德止痛液中陈皮、白术和党参的薄层鉴别

采用薄层色谱法对康赛德止痛液中陈皮、白术和党参进行了鉴别试验。鉴别方法灵敏，干扰少，重现性好。为控制其质量提供了依据。     

外伤性迟发性脑内血肿的CT诊断

大多数外伤患者外伤当时出血较明显，但也有9%人血肿形成较晚。笔者对20例CT复查证实的外伤性迟发性脑内血肿首次CT检查及复查的CT影像进行回顾性分析，旨在发现早期CT检查时有预期诊断迟发性脑内血肿意义的征象，以利于外伤性脑内迟发血肿的早期诊断与冶疗。     

IL-27亚基基因真核表达质粒的构建与表达

目的 克隆人白细胞介素27(interleukin 27,IL-27)蛋白亚基EB病毒诱导的基因3(Epstein-Barr vi-rus-induced gene 3,EBI3)与p28基因的cDNA,分别构建其真核表达质粒并在COS-7细胞表达.方法 人外周血单核细胞诱导为成熟树突状细胞后提取细胞总RNA,经逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增EBl3与p28基因cDNA,酶切后插入pcDNA-3.1构建真核表达载体pcDNA-EBI3与pcDNA-p28.重组质粒转染COS-7细胞,RT-PCR检测目的 基因表达.结果 成功构建克隆人IL-27蛋白亚基真核表达质粒,重组质粒分别转染COS-7细胞后检测到相应基因表达.结论 人IL-27蛋白亚基基因克隆及真核表达质粒的成功构建,为构建表达有生物学活性的重组人单链IL-27蛋白奠定基础.     

泪道内镜下治疗泪道阻塞性疾病的初步观察

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of lacrimal endoscope treatment for lacrimal passage obstruction, and to compare the effectiveness of endoscopically controlled laser surgery and micro-drill surgery for lacrimal passage obstruction. Methods It was a prospective random controlled trial. Eighty nine patients (104 eyes) with lacrimal passage obstruction, including presaccal canalicular obstruction (PSCO) and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), were collected from September 2006 to December 2006 in Department of Ophthalmology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Patients were examined by endoscopy of the lacrimal drainage system under local anesthesia to detect the obstruction and changes of lacrimal mucous membrane. The obstructions were treated with laser or microdrill. Irrigation was performed to prove the recanalization of the lacrimal passage followed by injected ointment with 0.3% tobramycin and 0.1% dexamethasone into the lacrimal passage. All patients were followed up after the operation for 9-12 months. The difference between the laser and the microdrill treatment was observed. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the curative effect and complications differences between these two groups. Results The obstruction scene in the lacrimal passage of 89 patients could be observed effectively. All obstructions (104/104 eyes) were eliminated after the operation. Through the follow-up, the cure rate reached 78.85% (82/104 eyes). The cure rate of PSCO group and NLDO group, reached 77.78% (42/54 eyes) and 80.00% (40/50 eyes), respectively (χ2=0.077,P=0.782). The cure rate of laser group and micro-drill group, was 80.43% (37/46 eyes) and 77.59% (45/58 eyes), respectively (χ2=0.125,P=0.724). The cure rate of laser treatment was 89.66% (26/29 eyes) in the PSCO group and 64.71% (11/17 eyes) in the NLDO group (P=0.040). The cure rate of micro-drill treatment was 64.00% (16/25 eyes) in the PSCO group and 87.88% (29/33 eyes) in the NLDO group (χ2=4.664,P=0.031). Hemorrhage and palpebral edema occurred in 10.87% (5/46 eyes) and 4.35% (2/46 eyes) after laser treatment, respectively. Percentage of hemorrhage and palpebral edema after the micro-drill treatment was 55.17% (32/58 eyes) (compared to the laser group, χ2=21.969,P=0.000) and 6.90% (4/58 eyes) (compared to the laser group, χ2=0.017 ,P=0.896). Conclusions Lacrimal passage obstruction can be observed and treated directly through the endoscopy of lacrimal drainage system. Choosing an appropriate surgical procedure according to the locations of the obstruction can be helpful for improving the effectiveness of the operation.     

泪道内窥镜治疗泪道阻塞的初步应用体会

目的 探讨泪道内窥镜系统检查治疗泪道阻塞性疾病的方法,评价其临床应用价值.方法 47例(51眼)泪道阻塞于局麻下使用泪道内窥镜系统进行泪道检查,针对阻塞部位进行激光或钻孔处理,冲洗通畅后,泪道注入0.3%妥布霉素 0.1%地塞米松眼膏,术后随访观察疗效.结果 全部患眼的泪道均能被有效观察,术中再通率100.00%,术后随访治愈率90.20%.结论 泪道内窥镜系统能在直视下对泪道阻塞性疾病进行准确观察和针对性治疗,是一种治疗泪道阻塞的较有效方法.     

The role of CPI-17 in vascular calcium sensitivity regulated by protein kinase Cα and Cε in rats with hemorrhagic shock

Objective To observe the role of PKC-potentiated inhibitory protein for protein phos-phatase 1 of 17×103(CPI-17) in vascular calcium sensitivity regulatedy by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and Cε (PKCε) in rats with hemorrhagic shock (HS). Methods Eight Wistar rats were used to reproduce 2 h HS model. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) rings from HS rats were randomly divided into 2 h shock group( without treatment), PKCα agonist group (with addition of thymelea toxin into the nutrient solution), CPI-17 antibody + PKCα agonist group [ incubation with thymelea toxin and CPI-17 antibody (1: 800)], PKCε agonist group ( with addition of carbachol into the nutrient solution), and CPI-17 antibody + PKCe ag-onist group [ incubation with carbachol and CPI-17 antibody (1:800)]. SMA rings from another eight nor-mal rats were used as normal control group. Calcium sensitivity indices (Emax, pD2) of SMA rings were measured by isolated organ perfusion system. Hypoxic VSMCs in primary culture were randomly divided into 2 h hypoxia group, PKCct agonist group ( with above-mentioned treatment), PKCε agonist group ( with a-bove-mentioned treatment), normal VSMCs were used as normal control group. Protein expression and phos-phorylation of CPI-17 were measured via Western blot. Results Emax and pD2 in all the experimental groups were lower than those in normal control group (P<0.01). Emax in PKCα agonist group and PKCε agonist group was increased (5.8±0.8, 5.8±0.9 mN, respectively) as compared with that of 2 h shock group (4.1±0.6 mN, P <0.01 ). Protein expression and phosphorylation of CPI-17 in VSMC were signifi-cantly decreased in 2 h hypoxia group, compared with those in normal control group (P<0.05 ), and those in PKCα agonist and PKC agonist groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01 ). Conclusions PKCα and PKCε may regulate vascular calcium sensitivity through change in protein expression and activity of CPI-17 in HS rats.     

内毒素休克后家兔血管反应性的变化规律及器官差异

目的 了解内毒素休克后血管反应性的变化规律及器官差异.方法 家兔48只,随机分为6组,依次为正常对照组、给内毒素(LPS)后0.5、1、2、4、6小时组,分别测定各组肠系膜上动脉(SMA)、腹腔动脉(CA)和左肾动脉(LRA)离体血管环对去甲肾上腺素(NE)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)的收缩和舒张反应性.结果 内毒素休克后SMA对NE的收缩反应性早期轻度升高,晚期显著下降,对Ach的舒张反应性早期显著升高,晚期显著下降;CA对NE的收缩反应性早期显著升高,晚期显著下降,对Ach反应性呈持续高反应,峰值在早期;LRA认对NE的收缩反应性早期显著升高,晚期显著下降,对Ach的反应性早期显著升高,晚期无明显变化.结论 内毒素休克血管反应性呈现一定器官差异,这种差异可能与内毒素休克血流动力学改变及血液重分布有关.     

高血压脑出血微创抽吸术与内科疗法及开颅手术疗效比较

目的比较微创抽吸术与内科保守疗法及开颅手术疗法的疗效。方法回顾性总结1996—1999年内科保守治疗105例,2000—2006年传统开颅手术治疗75例,微创抽吸术治疗89例,比较病人的病死率、日常生活能力等情况。结果内科组死亡27例(25.7%),传统开颅组死亡13例(17.3%),微创组死亡12例(13.5%)。手术组与内科组相比均有差异(P<0.01),微创组与开颅组相比,无明显差异。而日常生活改善良好率,微创组(76.6%)与开颅组(43.5%)及内科组(42.8%)相比均有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论手术能明显降低高血压脑出血病死率,而微创组在改善日常生活能力方面有明显疗效。