由监考护士技能操作引发的思考

2006年11月我院护理操作委员会在护理部领导和指挥下组织全院护士进行了一年一度的护理技能操作考试，体会很深。这次护理操作技能考试不但注重实践技能的考核，更重要的是融入人性化的服务理念：操作之前首先对病情进行评估，做到心中有数；让护理人员当病人，通过角色转换，亲身体验病人感受；操作中注重与病人沟通；给病人取舒适的体位；让病人置身于亲切、自在、放松的环境中，真正用心呵护病人。     

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AMINO ACID CONTENTS AND LDH ISOZYME BY ELECTROPHORESIS AND SLAB-PAGE IN ADULT WORMS OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES, ASCARIS SUUM AND TOXOCARA CANIS^

Comparative studies are made on the relative percentages of amino acid content and LDH isozyme by electrophoresis and Slab-PAGE in adult worms of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ascaris suum and Toxocara canis. The results show that there are remarkable differences of Arg and His of 17 amino acids bet. ween Toxocara canis and human intestinal ascaris, human biliary ascaris and pig ascaris; there are also obvious differences of band positions of LDH isozyme electrophoretic patterns and band position and amount of slab-PAGE patterns among them, whereas no marked differences are found in these three indices in human intestinal ascaris, human biliary ascaris and pig ascaris.     

经咽后入路手术治疗Hangman骨折

目的探讨Hangman骨折经咽后入路减压融合内固定的临床疗效。方法对7例Hangman骨折患者行颅骨牵引大致复位后择期手术。全麻下采用高位前方咽后入路显露C2-3椎体，切除C2-3椎间盘组织，充分减压，C2-3椎间植骨钢板内固定。术后颈围保护6～8周。结果7例均获随访，时间4—42个月。患者术后3个月内均获骨性愈合，无一例出现椎体再位移和成角畸形，无伤口感染及其他并发症发生，不全瘫患者均有不同程度恢复。结论C2-3前路减压融合内固定治疗Hangman骨折，内固定疗效确切，并能有效维持理想的复位。     

气管切开患者雾化吸入器的改良及应用

气管切开患者由于失去了上呼吸道湿化作用，易发生气道阻塞、肺不张及继发性肺部感染等并发症。氧气雾化吸入对改善氧合作用，减少并发症的发生起着关键作用。但传统的雾化器很难使气雾吸入到气管或气管深处而达不到稀释痰液、平喘、抗感染的目的，同时患者卧位局限，侧卧时雾化药液易倒流。我科2007年1月对传统雾化器进行改良，并应用于30例气管切开患者，临床效果满意，介绍如下。     

马尾神经鞘瘤误诊1例

府和中国地质学会联合召开 的全区矿产资源勘查靶区优选暨项目年度汇报会在呼和浩特市隆重 召开。参会人员有中国工程院院士陈毓川,中国科学院谢学锦、李 廷栋、肖序常、叶大年、翟裕生、刘嘉麒等院士及各科研院所的专 家学者;参会领导有自治区政府顾问周德海,国土资源厅厅长 黄·阿拉腾别立格、副厅长孔燕燕、郭战英、赵保胜、元重举、 王宗起、王富友、沈晋平、高华等,中国地质学会秘书长王饵力, 爵台区财政厅副斤长张华:参会的还有各盟市代表、各地勘单位代 表、省外代表、各项目负责人等近300人。 会议主要精神是,着眼于建设21世纪我国…     

钠钙离子交换体介导的钙超载对造影剂诱导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤的影响

由造影剂导致的急性肾衰竭已成为住院患者获得性急性肾衰的第3位病因；而细胞内钙超载参与了造影剂诱导的肾损伤。现已知钙离子内流的通道有L型、T型及N型钙通道、钠钙离子交换体（NCX）等。研究证实，在缺血再灌注损伤中，NCX是钙离子内流致细胞内钙超载的主要通道。但造影剂诱导的细胞内钙超载经何种通道尚未完全阐明。     

Related factors of cognitive impairment after stroke

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment after stroke associates with various factors, such as age, educational years, etc. Besides concerning about the recovery of limb function after stroke, we should also focus on the rehabilitation of cognition. Moreover, we'd better pay attention to the control of all the risk factors of stroke, and improve the quality of life in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors that affect cognitive impairment after stroke. DESIGN: A related factors analysis. SETTINGS: Department of Neurology of Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 148 stroke inpatients were selected from Department of Neurology, Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital from April 2004 to December 2005, including 100 males and 48 females, aging 45-75 years with an average age of (67±8) years; Their educational years ranged 2-10 years with an average of (6.1±3.7) years; The disease course ranged 15-30 days; All were right-handed. Inclusive criteria: All were accorded with the diagnostic standard set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease; Confirmed by CT or MRI; Informed consents were obtained from all the subjects. METHODS: After the disease conditions were stable, the patients were assessed with Wechsler memory scale (WMS) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). WMS included forward and backward recitation of numbers and short-term memory (verbal memory, visual recognition). The number of times for correct and wrong classifications in WCST and the time to complete the trail making tests A and B were recorded. The focal volume, area and layer were recorded at 24 hours after admission. The general data of the patients were recorded, including name, sex, age, educational years, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus. Electroencepalograph (EEG) was examined to record the wave shape, blood lipids were detected, and the cognition related indexes were analyzed with the Pearson correlation analysis. The correlation between cognitive indexes after stroke and the influencing factors were analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and imaging indexes; ② Influencing factors for cognitive indexes after stroke. RESULTS: All the 148 stroke patients were involved in the analysis of results. ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and CT indexes: There were obvious negative correlations between numerical symbol and focal layer (r =-0.234, P < 0.05), as well as between verbal memory and the focal area and volume (r =-0.363, -0.279, P < 0.05); Trail making test A had obvious positive correlation with focal area and volume (r =0.256, 0.256, P < 0.05). Results of multiple linear regression analysis: Correct classification was correlated with triglyceride (partial wave and θ wave (partial regression coefficient=0.231-0.908, P < 0.05); Verbal memory was correlated with EEG α wave, focal volume, sex, educational years and diabetes mellitus (partial regression coefficient=0.219-1.017, P < 0.05-0.01). Visual recognition had correlation with educational years and hypertension (partial regression coefficient=0.326, -1.163, P < 0.01). Trail making tests A and B were correlated with focal volume (partial regression coefficient=4.680, -18.561, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The factors that affect the cognitive function after stroke include sex, age, educational years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, triglyceride, EEG wave shape, and the focal area, volume and layer     

药物联合钳刮术终止疤痕子宫早期妊娠40例体会

2003-2004年，我院对40例疤痕子宫10～14周孕妇应用药物联合钳刮终止妊娠，效果满意。现报告如下。     

脑卒中危险因素的新观点

脑卒中在西方国家居民死因中占第3位,仅次于冠心病和恶性肿瘤。进一步明确脑卒中的危险因素,及早进行预防,对降低该病的发病率与死亡率有十分重要的意义。Ressina等人最近在流行病学研究中讨论了西方国家近年脑卒中发病率较高的因素最主要的有高血压控制不利和吸烟人数增加。脑卒中的危险因素与冠心病基本相同,近年认为首先是高血压病。Macmahon等人在对42 000例脑卒中的危险因素进行研究时发现,舒张期高血压与脑卒中之间存在令人信服的联系。对这种高血压进行及时有效治疗2～3年后脑卒中的发病率比对照组下降42％。舒张期高血压必须及时进行治疗的观点已得到学者们的一致赞同。但是对单纯收缩期高血压尚未引起足够重视,其实这种高血压在老年人中很常见并随衰老而增     

注射肉毒毒素中毒致呼吸肌麻痹一例

临床资料患者女性，25岁，主因“吞咽困难、双上肢无力2周，呼吸肌麻痹、双下肢无力2d”于2006年6月23日入院。2周前感吞咽困难、呼吸费力和双上肢无力。2d前急诊就诊时突然呼吸停止、意识丧失。即刻经口气管插管、气管切开、机械通气。数分钟后意识恢复，但仍无自主呼吸，四肢无力。既往体健，否认腐乳、腊肠、腌制食品等食入史。查体：意识清楚；双眼裂1．1cm，双瞳孔等大等圆，直径2．5mm，对光反射灵敏；双额纹、面纹浅；耸肩、转颈、抬头不能；双上肢肩关节肌力Ⅱ级，肘关节Ⅲ级，腕、指关节Ⅴ级；双下肢髋关节肌力Ⅱ级，膝关节Ⅲ级，踝、趾关节Ⅴ级；