银杏叶提取物对小鼠脑缺血能量代谢的影响

通过测定断头小鼠脑中腺苷三磷酸、磷酸肌酸及乳酸含量，观察银杏叶提取物对脑缺血能量代谢的影响。结果表明，小鼠断头３０ｓ后，脑ＡＴＰ，ＰＣ含量明显下降，ＬＡ含量显著增加；口服银杏叶的取物能减轻小鼠脑缺血对ＡＴＰ、ＰＣ的减及及ＬＡ的增加。提示银杏叶提取物可减少脑缺血时脑组织耗能。     

外源性磷酸肌酸对开心手术病人的心肌保护作用

20例需行瓣膜置换手术的风湿性心脏瓣膜病患者 ,随机等分为 2组。实验组 (CP组 )于术前 2d静脉滴注护心通 ,总量为 4g ;对照组 (C组 )用 5 %G S滴注。结果示实验组的心脏自动复跳率明显高于对照组 ,而对正性肌力药物的需求、缺血再灌后的MDA活性增高及心肌超微结构的改变则较对照组明显减轻 ,两组间的心肌酶活性和心肌ATP含量差异无显著性。提示护心通是一有效的心肌保护药物     

Comparison of cyclic nucleotide and energy metabolism of intact mouse retina in situ and in vitro.

Whole mouse retina in situ contains approximately 1 μm adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) and about fivefold higher levels of guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Light-adapted retinas have only half as much of both cyclic nucleotides as dark-adapted retinas.Both cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels are modified substantially when retinas are removed from the eye and incubated in physiologic buffers. Cyclic GMP levels increase in light- and dark-adapted retinas, but a differential concentration is always maintained, and after a few minutes of incubation it is even greater than that in in situ retinas. In contrast, the difference between cyclic AMP levels obvious in in situ light- and dark-adapted retinas is obscured during the initial minutes of incubation by a transient rise of cyclic AMP in light-adapted retinas, but then becomes apparent again when cyclic AMP levels fall after about 15 min of incubation. Cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels decrease rapidly when isolated dark-adapted retinas, in vitro, are exposed to light and the decrease is a function of light intensity. In contrast, cyclic GMP but not cyclic AMP levels increase when light-adapted retinas, in vitro, are placed in darkness.Ischemia causes a marked reduction of ATP and P-creatine levels and elevates cyclic AMP levels in light- and dark-adapted retinas, in situ. Ischemia depresses cyclic GMP levels in dark-adapted retinas, in situ, but has no effect in light-adapted retinas. In incubated retinas, oxygen deprivation produced by NaCN also decreases energy reserves; however, its effect on cyclic AMP is qualitatively similar to that in vivo only after 15 min of incubation. NaCN has little or no effect on cyclic GMP levels in isolated retinas.These data indicate that cyclic nucleotide regulation in intact, incubated retina has many similarities to that of retina, in vivo, and suggest that with due precautions retina maintained, in vitro, is a valid and useful experimental model system for biochemical and biophysical investigations.     

Increased mitochondrial uncoupling proteins, respiratory uncoupling and decreased efficiency in the chronically infarcted rat heart

Heart failure patients have abnormal cardiac high energy phosphate metabolism, the explanation for which is unknown. Patients with heart failure also have elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations. Elevated FFA levels are associated with increased cardiac mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs), which, in turn, are associated with decreased mitochondrial respiratory coupling and low cardiac efficiency. Here, we determined whether increased mitochondrial UCP levels contribute to decreased energetics in the failing heart by measuring UCPs and respiration in mitochondria isolated from the viable myocardium of chronically infarcted rat hearts and measuring efficiency (hydraulic work/O₂ consumption) in the isolated, working rat heart. Ten weeks after infarction, cardiac levels of UCP3 were increased by 53% in infarcted, failing hearts that had ejection fractions less than 45%. Cardiac UCP3 levels correlated positively with non-fasting plasma FFAs (r = 0.81; p < 0.01). Mitochondria from failing hearts were less coupled than those from control hearts, as demonstrated by the lower ADP/O ratio of 1.9 ± 0.1 compared with 2.5 ± 0.2 in controls (p < 0.05). The decreased ADP/O ratio was reflected in an efficiency of 14 ± 2% in the failing hearts when perfused with 1 mM palmitate, compared with 20 ± 1% in controls (p < 0.05). We conclude that failing hearts have increased UCP3 levels that are associated with high circulating FFA concentrations, mitochondrial uncoupling, and decreased cardiac efficiency. Thus, respiratory uncoupling may underlie the abnormal energetics and low efficiency in the failing heart, although whether this is maladaptive or adaptive would require direct investigation.     

磷酸肌酸钠治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效研究

目的：探讨磷酸肌酸钠治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效。方法选取2011年4月—2014年4月信阳市中心医院收治的充血性心力衰竭患者100例,随机分为试验组与对照组,各50例。对照组患者予以常规药物治疗,试验组患者在对照组基础上加用磷酸肌酸钠治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效及治疗前后心功能指标。结果试验组患者总有效率为84%,高于对照组的62%,差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）;治疗前两组患者左室收缩末期内径（LVESD）、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）和左心室射血分数（LVEF）比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后试验组患者LVESD和LVEDD短于对照组,LVEF高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。结论磷酸肌酸钠治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效显著,可改善患者心功能指标。     

磷酸肌酸对心肌肥厚及心力衰竭大鼠的治疗作用

目的 :探讨磷酸肌酸对压力负荷性心力衰竭的治疗机制。方法 :腹主动脉次全结扎 SD大鼠 55只 ,分 5组给予不同干预 8周 ,观察磷酸肌酸疗效及寻找更好的用药方案。结果 :磷酸肌酸可以减低高血压性心力衰竭大鼠的失代偿性心衰的发生率和死亡率 ,失代偿性心衰组大鼠心肌细胞内 ATP含量明显减低 ;血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 （A-CEI）雷米普利 +磷酸肌酸比单独使用磷酸肌酸更好地改善高血压性心功能障碍 （代偿性 ）大鼠的血流动力学 ,可能与血压的下降及心肌胶原沉积的改善有关 ,磷酸肌酸及雷米普利治疗对代偿性高血压性心力衰竭大鼠心肌细胞内ATP含量影响不明显。结论 :对于失代偿性高血压性心力衰竭 ,磷酸肌酸可以减低其发生率和死亡率。对于代偿性高血压心力衰竭 ACEI+磷酸肌酸方案效果更佳     

Topically applied growth factors change skin cytoplasmic creatine kinase activity and distribution and produce abnormal keratinocyte differentiation in murine skin

Background/purpose: The skin has a functional and active phosphocreatine (PCR)/creatine kinase (CPK) system that regenerates adenosine triphosphate energy reserves during periods of ischemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate how topically applied growth factors affect CPK activity and distribution, and what histological changes growth factors induce in murine skin.
Methods: Epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor α (TGF-α) and suramin (growth factor inhibitor) were applied to murine skin for nine days before mice were sacrificed and CPK level and distributions were measured.
Results: TGF-α considerably increased CPK activity. Both EGF and TGF-α induced a CPK MM to CPK BB transition and histologically induced abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes.
Conclusion: The skin PCR/CPK system is affected by growth factors. Furthermore, this system appears to play an important role, both in the normal physiology of skin and pathophysiological conditions such as psoriasis and carcinogenesis.     

外源性磷酸肌酸对急性中型脑梗死的疗效评价

目的观察外源性磷酸肌酸对各种急性中型脑梗死的治疗效果。方法将65例各种急性中型脑梗死(临床神经功能缺损程度评分16~30分)患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组在常规治疗的基础(对照组)上给予磷酸肌酸钠治疗。治疗组和对照组于治疗前及治疗后14天分别进行神经功能缺损评分及疗效评定。结果治疗14天后治疗组神经功能缺损评分明显低于对照组,(10.5±4.1)分vs(14.4±6.0)分(P<0.05);治疗组总有效率为91.2%,明显高于对照组的67.7%(P<0.05)。结论外源性磷酸肌酸可促进急性中型脑梗死患者的神经功能恢复。