酵母菌2号培养最佳条件的选择

成人特发性乳糖酶缺乏症的发生率极高，这些人进食牛奶后会出现胃肠胀气、腹痛、腹泄等对牛奶不耐受的消化不良症状。为解决这一问题，自１９８９年起，国内外不少学者是主张有产替代疗法，即将人工培养制备纯化的乳糖酶直接加入牛奶中以水解其中的乳糖来弥补成人乳糖酶的缺乏。     

补充乳糖酶对轮状病毒肠炎病情影响的研究

目的：观察补充乳糖酶对轮状病毒肠炎病情的影响。方法：将71例轮状病毒肠炎患儿随机分成乳糖酶治疗组与对照组,乳糖酶治疗组加用乳糖酶口服,观察两组疗效及疗程。结果：乳糖酶治疗组总有效率94.4%,对照组总有效率74.3%,两组治疗总有效率差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。乳糖酶治疗组在疗程上也比对照组缩短（P<0.01）。结论：补充乳糖酶治疗轮状病毒肠炎可明显提高疗效,缩短疗程。     

口服乳糖酶对婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎80例的临床疗效影响

目的 分析乳糖酶对婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎临床疗效的影响,为该病提供有效的辅助治疗方法。方法 选择莎车县人民医院儿科病房住院2017年1月25日至2018年4月1日明确诊断婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎病人160例,依据随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组80例。观察组在对照组常规治疗基础上再口服乳糖酶制剂,以腹泻、呕吐、发热及腹胀等症状消失的时间作为疗效判断指标,对各组病例的疗效情况进行分析。结果 口服乳糖酶时间＜3 d时,对照组和观察组的总有效率分别为32.50%和36.25%,差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.249,P=0.618);口服乳糖酶时间≥3 d时,对照组和观察组的总有效率分别为77.50%和95.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=10.329,P=0.001)。观察组口服乳糖酶＜3 d和≥3 d间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²=61.20,P=0.000)。结论 口服乳糖酶对婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎治疗具有明显辅助作用,但作用显现至少需要口服时间达到3 d,应该引起临床重视。     

Intestinal lactase activity and calcium absorption in the aging female with osteoporosis

Summary In 11 postmenopausal women with histologically proven osteoporosis and normal lactose tolerance a direct correlation between calcium absorption and intestinal lactase activity was observed. The results suggest that varying degrees of relative deficiencies in intestinal lactase might contribute to the graded decrease in calcium absorption which characterizes the aging female population.     

Molecularly defined adult-type hypolactasia among working age people with reference to milk consumption and gastrointestinal symptoms

AIM: To study milk consumption and subjective milk- related symptoms in adults genotyped for adult-type hypolactasia. METHODS: A total of 1900 Finnish adults were genotyped for the C/T-13910 variant of adult-type hypolactasia and filled in a structured questionnaire concerning milk consumption and gastrointestinal problems. RESULTS: The C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia was present in 18% of the study population. The prevalence of the C/C-13910 genotype was higher among subjects who were undergoing investigations because of abdominal symptoms (24%, P < 0.05). Those with the C/C-13910 genotype drank less milk than subjects with either the C/T-13910 or the T/T-13910 genotype of lactase persistence (18% vs 38%; 18% vs 36%, P < 0.01). Subjects with the C/C-13910 genotype had experienced more gastrointestinal symptoms (84%) during the preceding three-month period than those with the C/T-13910 (79%, P < 0.05) or the T/T-13910 genotype (78 %, P < 0.05). Only 9% (29/338) of the subjects with the C/C-13910 genotype consumed milk and reported no symptoms from it.CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal symptoms are more common among adults with the C/C-13910 genotype of adult-type hypolactasia than in those with genotypes of lactase persistence.     

Single nucleotide polymorphism C/T(-13910), located upstream of the lactase gene, associated with adult-type hypolactasia: validation for clinical practice

ObjectivesTo validate C/T_-13910 polymorphism associated with primary hypolactasia for clinical practice.Design and methodsLactose breath test and PCR-RFLP for the C/T_-13910 polymorphism were performed.ResultsTwenty-seven of 28 patients with genotype CC had positive breath tests; all twenty-two patients with genotypes CT or TT had negative breath tests. Agreement of tests was high (p < 0.0001; Kappa Index 0.96).ConclusionC/T_-13910 polymorphism detection may be a new tool for primary hypolactasia diagnosis.     

含乳糖酶冻干酵母制剂的研究

在研制双糖酶肠溶微囊及乳糖酶复合微囊的同时,我组还研制了含乳糖酶冻干酵母,具有成本低廉而利用广、酶活性高而稳定、生产流程短而简便等优点.该冻干酵母可制备成含乳精酶冻干酵母抗酸肠溶胶囊,该抗酸肠溶胶囊置人工胃液中2h,乳糖酶剩余活性仍在60%以上;置人工肠液中lh,乳糖酶释放率达100%.     

Intestinal Disaccharidase Deficiency Without Villous Atrophy May Represent Early Celiac Disease

Background: Intestinal disaccharidase activities are decreased in untreated celiac disease and also in other conditions without villous atrophy. Of 908 patients examined for suspected malabsorption, 37 (4.1%) had generalized disaccharidase deficiency without villous atrophy. The aim was to determine if generalized disaccharidase deficiency without villous atrophy represented latent celiac disease. Methods: Case notes and histology of the 37 patients were reviewed. History and blood investigations including antigliadin and endomysial antibodies were checked. Where celiac disease was suspected, endoscopic duodenal biopsies for histology and disaccharidase estimation were repeated. Results: Of the initial 37 patients, 6 patients had had repeat endoscopic biopsies; one having celiac disease. A further 18 patients were reviewed. The remainder declined further investigation. Eight had repeat endoscopic duodenal biopsies; one had celiac disease. Two with positive celiac serology also had enteroscopy with jejunal biopsies; both had celiac disease. Conclusions: At least 11% of patients with generalized disaccharidase deficiency without villous atrophy develop celiac disease. Enteroscopic biopsies from distal duodenum and proximal jejunum should be considered as the next investigation if endomysial or antigliadin antibodies are positive.     

胰岛素对子宫内生长迟缓新生仔猪小肠生长发育的影响

目的:研究胰岛素是否能促进子宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)新生儿肠道的生长发育. 方法:以IUGR新生仔猪为模型,比较了饲喂配方奶粉(P组)和配方奶粉中补加胰岛素(I组)3天后仔猪小肠的重量和长度,组织形态学结构,黏膜DNA、RNA含量和浓度及小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶、乳糖酶、氨基肽酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性. 结果:I组与P组相比,小肠的重量、长度、组织形态学结构及小肠黏膜氨基肽酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05).但I组的仔猪小肠黏膜DNA、RNA含量及麦芽糖酶和乳糖酶的活性均较P组有明显的提高(P<0.05). 结论:口饲胰岛素能刺激小肠黏膜上皮细胞的增生和小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶、乳糖酶总活性的升高.     

低乳糖奶生产工艺研究

应用乳糖酶生物技术生产低乳糖奶,满足乳糖不耐症人群的需求,采用北京澳内特乳品有限公司提供的乳糖酶,规格：MaxilactL2000NLU/ml,在低温6℃－8℃h或35℃－47℃4h可水解85％以上乳糖,为降低生产成本,将乳糖酶加入量减半为0．5‰,38℃水解5h,也可达到同样效果。