人细胞色素P450 前mRNA的可变剪接研究进展

Human genes typically contain multiple introns, and in many cases the exons can be joined more than one way to generate multiple rnRNAs, encoding distinct protein isoforms. This process is called alternative splicing. The article summarized the human cytochrome P450 pre-mRNA alternative splicing and their regulatory mechanism and impacts on biological functions.     

The effect of physical conditioning on antipyrine clearance

The effects of physical conditioning on antipyrine clearance were studied in two groups of subjects. Healthy men not engaged in the systematic practice of any sport were compared with endurance runners (defined as men running >80 km/week). Studies were carried out at three different periods of the annual plan training at 4-month intervals. Antipyrine was administered orally and pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from saliva samples by the multiple-sample method. Endurance performance, expressed in terms of the maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O_{2 max}), the ventilatory threshold and the 4-mM · l⁻¹ lactate threshold (OBLA), was higher in trained than in control subjects at each of the three periods. Antipyrine clearance was also significantly elevated and antipyrine half-life reduced in runners during all periods. No significant difference in V˙O_{2 max} or antipyrine clearance was found between the various periods in either trained or control subjects. Both ventilatory threshold and OBLA increased significantly along the training period in conditioned subjects. Significant correlations were found between antipyrine clearance and V˙O_{2 max}, ventilatory threshold and OBLA. In summary, these results indicate an association between aerobic conditioning and increased hepatic oxidative metabolism of low-clearance drugs. Accepted: 15 July 1997     

健脾补肾法治疗重症肌无力3O2例

目的：探讨健脾补肾法治疗重症肌无力的疗效。方法：选符合纳入标准的重症肌无力患者426例，随机分为两组。治疗组予健脾补肾中药，对照组予肾上腺皮质激素或免疫抑制剂。两组均治疗6个月观察疗效。结果：治疗组痊愈59例，显效93例，有效116例，无效34例，总有效率为88．7％(95％CI=85．1％～92．3％)；对照组痊愈21例，显效29例，有效40例，无效34例，总有效率为72.6％(95％CI=64．7％～80．5％)；两组综合疗效比较，有明显差异(u=2．6438，P=0．0091)。结论：健脾补肾法治疗重症肌无力疗效优于甲基强的松龙或环磷酰胺，其收益为OR=0．34(95％CI=0．20～0．57)，NNT=6(95％CI=4．20～11．76）。     

六种常见的条件系统聚类法比较

目的探讨六种常见的条件系统聚类法的性质,并选择一到两个适于二维有序样品聚类的样品个数比较均匀的条件系统聚类法.方法用六种条件系统聚类法对一二维有序样品的资料进行聚类,根据拟定的判断准则及构造的判断函数对结果进行选择.结果按照准则选择了最长距离法和离差平方和法为较好的二维有序样品的条件系统聚类法.结论在二维有序的条件约束下,六种系统聚类法的聚类性质并未发生改变.     

培多普利抑制心肌重构的动物实验研究

目的:本研究采用Wistar大鼠冠脉结扎心梗后心衰模型,以培多普利作为观察药物,探讨肾素血管紧张素系统(RAS)在心肌重构中的地位和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)对心肌重构的干预作用.方法:将Wistar大鼠分为梗塞组、梗塞治疗组和假术组.梗塞组结扎左冠状动脉,梗塞治疗组在前者基础上用培多普利治疗2mg/kg/天,假手术组不结扎左冠状动脉.三月后测血流动力学参数,血液及组织内血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)含量、血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)活性和观察组织形态学变化.结果:三月后,与假术组相比,梗塞组出现了克血性心衰(DHF)的血流动力学改变;心肌局部AngⅡ含量、ACE活性显著差增高,但血液AngⅡ含量和ACE活性无明显改变;心脏重量指数显著上升;残存心肌细胞肥大,间质增生,胶原蛋白沉积.培多普利可以改善血流动力学参数,减少AngⅡ的生成、抑制ACE活性并减轻心肌细胞肥大、间质增生和胶原蛋白沉积的程度.结论:心肌组织局部的RAS参与了心肌重构的病理生理过程,血液RAS与心肌重构无显著相关,ACEI可以有效地防治心肌重构及心衰.     

妊娠期糖尿病患者血清FAP4、25(OH)D水平与新生儿结局的关系

目的探究妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血清脂肪酸结合蛋白质4(FAP4)、25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平与新生儿结局的关系。方法选取2018年3月至2020年4月本院收治的GDM患者102例(观察组),另选取同期在本院生产的健康孕妇83例(对照组),比较两组的血脂相关指标、血糖相关指标、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、血清FABP4、25(OH)D水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清FABP4、25(OH)D水平预测新生儿结局的应用价值。结果观察组的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FPG)和餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)水平均高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和HOMA-IR水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组的胎儿窘迫、胎儿生长受限、新生儿窒息和低体重出生发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组的新生儿不良结局总发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的血清FABP4水平高于对照组,25(OH)D水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组两亚组患者血清FABP4、25(OH)D水平比较,结局不良组患者的血清FABP4水平明显高于结局良好组,25(OH)D水平明显低于结局良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,FABP4、25(OH)D的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.660和0.715,对新生儿结局均有一定的预测能力(P<0.05)。结论 GDM患者血清FABP4、25(OH)D水平与新生儿不良结局有关,二者对GDM患者新生儿不良结局具有一定的预测价值。     

血必净注射液对系统性红斑狼疮小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用

目的：：探讨血必净注射液对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)小鼠T淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用。方法：以清洁级EB病毒膜抗原BLLF1基因转基因小鼠30只为SLE模型小鼠,随机分为模型组(8周龄和10周龄各5只)、8周龄治疗组(10只)和10周龄治疗组(10只)。两治疗组给予血必净注射液6.4 ml/kg腹腔内注射,每日1次,连续14 d。治疗14 d后处死,分离脾脏,提取DC和T淋巴细胞,荧光定量PCR和酶联免疫吸附试验检测T细胞孵育上清和脾组织匀浆液IL-2和TNF-α基因及细胞因子表达水平。结果：与正常对照组比较,SLE小鼠IL-4、TNF-α含量显著升高,而IL-2、IFN-γ水平明显降低,脾脏组织及T淋巴细胞IL-2的基因表达显著下降,而TNF-α基因表达则明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。给予血必净注射液治疗后,与模型组比较,狼疮鼠 IL-4、TNF-α含量显著降低,而 IL-2、IFN-γ水平明显升高,IL-2基因表达显著升高,TNF-α基因表达明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。两个治疗组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：血必净治疗能够将脾脏的Th2细胞转化为 Th1细胞,改变Th1/Th2的比例和机体的免疫应答类型,对系统性红斑狼疮的免疫功能产生影响。     

自体脂肪移植在上睑凹陷填充术中的临床应用

目的：探讨自体脂肪颗粒注射填充矫正上睑凹陷的临床效果。方法首先在患者脂肪丰厚的部位,注射器抽取脂肪颗粒,经清洗液反复冲洗后,将脂肪颗粒注入上睑凹陷区。结果本组共18例,14例一次注射充填后形态满意,4例有部分吸收,行二次注射。结论上睑凹陷畸形采用自体脂肪颗粒填充矫正,方法简单,安全有效。     

Sexual function and male cancer

Quality of life in general and sexual functioning in particular have become very important in cancer patients. Biological factors such as anatomic alterations, physiological changes and secondary effect of medical interventions may preclude normal sexual functioning even when sexual desire is intact. In spite of modern surgical techniques, improved chemotherapeutical drugs and sophisticated radiation techniques, still many patients complain of impaired sexual function after cancer treatment. A large number of instruments already exist to assess quality of life in cancer patients. It is important to standardize procedures and to use validated questionnaires. Collecting data on an ongoing basis before and long after treatment is mandatory, and control groups must be used. Patients should be offered sexual counselling and informed about the availability of therapies for sexual dysfunctions. In this paper we review the topic of sexual functioning after treatment (predominantly after radiotherapy) of the most common malignancies in men and give suggestions for treatment.