噪声作业人员职业体验研究

采用华西医科大学劳动卫生教研室研制的系统化职业心理测验（ＯＰＴ）软件，对四川第一棉纺织厂织布车间噪声（１０１．２ｄＢ（Ａ））作业女工９８人职业体验进行考察。以ＯＰＴ常模女性工人组为对照（年龄、工龄、文化程度等与观察组同），按标准化ＯＰＴ方法实施测验和统计分析。结果提示噪声作业女工职业体验欠佳，职业满意度、工作生活质量均低于常模。     

温热与羟基喜树碱（OPT）联合对胃腺癌（SGC－7901）细胞的作用

以体外长期培养胃低分化腺癌细胞系（ＳＧＣ－７９０１）细胞为模型，采用水浴加温法对细胞的生长抑制规律进行了观察。表明：１）温热、ＯＰＴ对ＳＧＣ－７９０１细胞均有一定的抑制增殖和直接杀伤作用；温热与药物联合应用具有协同抑制增殖和杀伤细胞的作用。２）温热和ＯＰＴ联合对ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞的杀伤和生长抑制作用均较温热或药物单独作用强，但序贯方面以热药同时为佳。３）温热、ＯＰＴ都可使ＳＧＣ－７９０１细胞结构发生变化，单用以细胞变性为主，联合组多为不可逆性损伤。４）温热４０℃作用后细胞爆发性生长，表明单纯加热低于４２℃是不适宜的。     

Liver mitochondrial function and redox status in an experimental model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by monosodium L-glutamate in rats

The purpose of this work was to determine if mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Using a model of obesity induced by the neonatal treatment of rats with monosodium l-glutamate (MSG), several parameters of liver mitochondrial function and their impact on liver redox status were evaluated. Specifically, fatty acid β-oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation and Ca²⁺-induced mitochondrial permeability transition were assessed in isolated liver mitochondria, and reduced glutathione (GSH), linked thiol contents and the activities of several enzymes involved in the control of redox status were measured in the liver homogenate. Our results demonstrate that liver mitochondria from MSG-obese rats exhibit a higher β-oxidation capacity and an increased capacity for oxidising succinate, without loss in the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. Also, liver mitochondria from obese rats were less susceptible to the permeability transition pore (PTP) opening induced by 1.0 μM CaCl₂. Cellular levels of GSH were unaffected in the livers from the MSG-obese rats, whereas reduced linked thiol contents were increased. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase were increased, while catalase activity was unaffected and superoxide dismutase activity was reduced in the livers from the MSG-obese rats. In this model of obesity, liver fat accumulation is not a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction. The enhanced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity observed in the livers of MSG-obese rats could be associated with liver fat accumulation and likely plays a central role in the mitochondrial defence against oxidative stress.     

女性VDT作业人员个性特征研究

采用华西医科大学劳动卫生学教研室研制的系统化职业心理测量（ＯＰＴ）量表，对成都地区２０８名女性ＶＤＴ作业人员和２３３名对照人员的个性特征进行考察。按标准化ＯＰＴ方法实施测验和统计分析。结果表明ＶＤＴ对女性作业人员人格方面产生一定影响。随着平均每周接触ＶＤＴ作业时间的延长，人格倾向于悲观、情绪被动和保守；随着从事计算机年限的增加，人格倾向于乐观、严谨、传统     

Influence of renal compensatory hypertrophy on mitochondrial energetics and redox status

A reduction in functional renal mass is common in numerous renal diseases and aging. The remaining functional renal tissue undergoes compensatory growth primarily due to hypertrophy. This is associated with a series of physiological, morphological and biochemical changes similar to those observed after uninephrectomy. Previous work showed that compensatory renal cellular hypertrophy resulted in an increase in susceptibility to several drugs and environmental chemicals and appeared to be associated with oxidative stress. Compensatory renal cellular hypertrophy was also associated with increases in mitochondrial metabolic activity, uptake of glutathione (GSH) across renal plasma and mitochondrial inner membranes, and intracellular GSH concentrations. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in the hypertrophied kidney are associated with marked alterations in renal cellular energetics, redox status and renal function in vivo. In this study, we used a uninephrectomized (NPX) rat model to induce compensatory renal growth. Our results show alterations in renal physiological parameters consistent with modest renal injury, altered renal cellular energetics, upregulation of certain renal plasma membrane transporters, including some that have been observed to transport GSH, and evidence of increased oxidative stress in mitochondria from the remnant kidney of NPX rats. These studies provide additional insight into the molecular changes that occur in compensatory renal hypertrophy and should help in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for patients with reduced renal mass.     

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination induces polysaccharide-specific B cells in adult peripheral blood expressing CD19CD20CD3CD70CD27IgMCD43CD5

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines have been used to elicit a protective anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibody response against Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy individuals. Identifying human B cells which respond to T-cell independent type-2 antigens, such as pneumococcal polysaccharides, has been challenging. We employed pneumococcal polysaccharides directly conjugated to fluorophores in conjunction with flow cytometry to identify the phenotype of B cells that respond to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination. We have previously identified that the majority of pneumococcal polysaccharide-selected cells responding to vaccination are CD27⁺IgM⁺ (IgM⁺ memory) cells. In this study, we further characterized pneumococcal polysaccharide-selected cells in the peripheral blood to better identify how the various B cell phenotypes responded 7 and 30 days post-immunization. We show that 7 days post-immunization the majority of pneumococcal polysaccharide-selected IgM⁺ memory cells (PPS14⁺ 56.5%, PPS23F⁺ 63.8%) were CD19⁺CD20⁺CD27⁺IgM⁺CD43⁺CD5^+/−CD70⁻, which was significantly increased compared to pre-immunization levels. This phenotype is in alignment with recent publications describing human B-1 cells. PPS-responsive B cells receded to pre-immunization levels by day-30. These findings suggest that this B-1 like cell population plays an important role in early responses to S. pneumoniae infection and possibly other T-cell independent type-2 antigens in humans     

羟基喜树碱抗癌谱的实验研究

目的 :预测羟基喜树碱 (OPT)的抗癌谱 ,指导临床用药。方法 :收集我院 2 0 0 0年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 11月 96例手术切除的肿瘤标本 ,行肿瘤细胞原代培养 ,用MTT法对OPT进行体外药敏试验。抑制率≥ 5 0 %为敏感 ,推荐临床使用 ;<30 %为耐药。结果 :OPT平均敏感率为 2 5 .5 % ,耐药率为 4 2 .6%。各类肿瘤敏感率为乳腺癌 (5 0 .0 % ) >贲门腺癌 (4 1.7% ) >胃癌、宫颈癌 (33.3% ) >食管癌 (30 .4 % ) >结肠癌、膀胱癌 (2 5 .0 % ) >卵巢癌、肺癌 (16.7% ) >肾癌、甲状腺癌 (0 ) ;耐药率依次为甲状腺癌(10 0 0 % ) >膀胱癌 (75 .0 % ) >食管癌 (5 2 .0 % ) >肺癌、宫颈癌、肾癌 (5 0 .0 % ) >胃癌、卵巢癌 (33.3% )>乳腺癌、贲门腺癌、结肠癌 (2 5 .0 % )。结论 :OPT的抗癌谱为乳腺癌、贲门腺癌、结肠癌、胃癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、宫颈癌。肾癌、甲状腺癌不推荐使用     

Histidine uptake by isolated rat peritoneal mast cells. Effect of inhibition of histidine decarboxylase by alpha-fluoromethylhistidine

Preincubation with (S)-alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, was found to markedly reduce, but not eliminate, the uptake of [3H]histidine by rat peritoneal mast cells. The Vmax for histidine transport for cells in which decarboxylation of histidine had been completely inhibited was 11.9 pmoles per min per 10(6) cells, compared to a Vmax of 18.9 pmoles per min per 10(6) cells in the presence of active mast cell histidine decarboxylase. The Km of uptake was 139 microM in the presence of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, several times higher than the Km of 44.0 microM in the uninhibited cell. alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine did not inhibit mast cell uptake of phenylalanine, a competitive inhibitor of histidine uptake but not a substrate for histidine decarboxylase; nor did it inhibit the uptake of histidine by non-mast cells, which lack histidine decarboxylase. Levels of intracellular [3H]histidine in mast cells were similar in the presence and absence of the decarboxylase inhibitor. Based on these observations, we propose that intracellular decarboxylation of histidine in the mast cell serves to specifically enhance the uptake of histidine by the relatively non-specific amino acid transporter present in the plasma membrane of the cell.