The potential of DBP gels containing intervertebral disc cells for annulus fibrosus supplementation:in vivo

Demineralized bone particle (DBP), which is widely used as a biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering, contains various bioactive molecules, such as cytokines. For this reason, in this study we investigated the effects of injectable DBP gels on cell proliferation, inflammation and maintenance of the shape of DBP gels as a scaffold able to substitute for intervertebral discs (IVDs) in vivo. DBP gels were fabricated with different percentages (5% and 10%) of DBP powder and 3% acetic acid, including 0.02% pepsin. DBP gels with 1 × 10⁶ annulus fibrosus (AF) cells were implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous region of BALB/C‐nu mice for 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. The effect of DBP gels on the inflammatory response was analysed by measuring the amount of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα) released. Also, histological methods were carried out to analyse the response of DBP gels in vivo. This study demonstrated that injectable DBP gels are able to provide physical scaffolds for growing IVD cells in vivo. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

带钩软体Cu140宫内节育器的研制和试用

带钩软体Ｃｕ１４０ＩＵＤ的设计构思为：１．带钩的ＩＵＤ可固定在宫底肌层内；２ＩＵＤ体部柔软，能适应不同大小形态的宫腔和收缩时变形；３．铜套面积１４０ｍｍ２在环的体部分布合理，铜面积减少可获得同样满意的避孕效果。放置３９４例经一年随访按生命表法统计一年净累计带器妊娠率１．０３％，因症取出率１．０４％，脱落率３．３６％，副反应小。脱落与ＩＵＤ的质量和放置技术有关。未掌握放置技术时脱落率达１０．６９％，正确放置到位者脱落率低。提高ＩＵＤ质量和放置技术，钩铜１４０将成为一种理想的新颖ＩＵＤ。     

GHTF建议的体外诊断医疗器械分类和评价的原则

体外诊断（IVD）医疗器械正在迅速发展,品种日益增多。文中简要介绍了GHIF（全球协医调作组）建议的关于IVD医疗器械的分类和符合性评价原则。     

注重IVD产品综合性能，提升国产体外诊断试剂的市场竞争力

IVD产品有具大的市场需求,随着质量管理不断深入,临床实验室对检测系统的要求逐渐成熟,试剂产品的性能,如精密度、可报告范围／测量范围、检测极限参数、校准要求与溯源性、参考区间,等直接反映了IVD产品的质量,国内IVD生产者应注重产品的综合性能,才能有效提升产品的市场竞争力。     

Physiological effects of physical therapy interventions on lumbar intervertebral discs: A systematic review

Background context: The use of physical therapy has been recommended in the treatment of low back pain based on primarily mechanical and neurophysiological effects. Recent studies have measured the physiological effects of physical therapy interventions, including manual therapy and traction, on the intervertebral discs (IVD), and these findings may have implications for the long-term management or even prevention of low back pain. Purpose: The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the literature regarding possible physiological effects of physical therapy interventions on the intervertebral disc (IVD). Study design: Systematic Review. Methods: A literature search of published articles through December 2014 resulted in the retrieval of 8 clinical studies assessing the influence of physical therapy interventions on the physiology of the IVD. Results: Three studies, including two using animal models, investigated the effects of 30-minute intermittent traction on disc height. One in vivo animal study and two studies using human subjects assessed changes of disc height associated with static traction. Three studies investigated the effects of lumbar spine manipulation and mobilization on changes in water diffusion within the IVD. All studies confirmed, either directly or indirectly, that their respective intervention influenced disc physiology primarily through water flow. Conclusion: Physical therapy interventions may have an effect on the physiology of the IVD, primarily through water diffusion and molecular transport, which are important for the health of the IVD.     

The prevalence of MRI-defined spinal pathoanatomies and their association with Modic changes in individuals seeking care for low back pain

Modic changes are of increasing interest, however their age and gender prevalence are not well described. To date, the associations between Modic changes and other common vertebral pathologies have only been described in small samples (n < 100). Our aim was, in a large dataset of people with low back pain, to (1) describe the prevalence of a range of spinal pathoanatomies, and (2) examine the association between Modic changes and stages of intervertebral disc (IVD) pathology. Common pathologies were coded from the lumbar spine MRIs from 4,233 consecutive people imaged while attending a publicly-funded secondary care outpatient facility in Denmark. Prevalence data were calculated by pathology and by vertebral level. Prevalence was also calculated by age and gender categories for Modic changes. The association between stages of IVD pathology (degeneration, bulge, herniation) and Modic changes at L4/5 and L5/S1 was expressed using prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals. The prevalence of Modic changes and IVD pathology were greater in L4/5 and L5/S1, compared with the upper lumbar spine. There was no significant gender difference in prevalence of Modic changes (p = 0.11). The prevalence of IVD disc pathology occurring concurrently with Modic changes ranged from 11.5 to 17.5% (Type 1), 8.5 to 12.7% (Type 2) and 17.1 to 25.6% (Type 1 and/or 2) while the prevalence occurring in the absence of Modic changes ranged from 0.5 to 6.3% (Type 1), 0.3 to 4.9 (Type 2), 0.8 to 9.7% (Type 1 and/or 2). The associated PR for IVD pathology occurring concurrently with Modic changes ranged from 1.8 to 29.2 (p < 0.05). The highest PR (29.2) was between degeneration and Modic changes, indicating that it is rare for Modic changes to occur without disc degeneration. Spinal pathoanatomy was common in this population, particularly IVD pathologies, and a consistent trend of a relatively greater prevalence in the lower lumbar spine was identified. Modic changes were more likely to be present among individuals with IVD pathology than without, which may implicate mechanical factors as being one aetiological pathway for Modic changes, although other hypotheses may equally explain this association.     

Animal models of spinal injury for studying back pain and SCI

IntroductionBack pain is a common ailment affecting individuals around the globe. Animal models to understand the back pain mechanism, treatment modalities, and spinal cord injury are widely researched topics worldwide. Despite the presence of several animal models on disc degeneration and Spinal Cord Injury, there is a lack of a comprehensive review.Material and methodA methodological narrative literature review was carried out for the study. A total of 1273 publications were found, out of which 763 were related to spine surgery in animals. The literature with full-text availability was selected for the review. Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) guidelines was used to assess the studies. Only English language publications were included which were listed on PubMed. A total of 113 studies were shortlisted (1976–2019) after internal validation scoring.ResultThe animal models for spine surgery ranged from rodents to primates. These are used to study the mechanisms of back pain as well as spinal cord injuries. The models could either be created surgically or through various means like use of electric cautery, chemicals or trauma. Genetic spine models have also been documented in which the injuries are created by genetic alterations and knock outs. Though the dorsal approach is the most common, the literature also mentions the anterior and lateral approach for spine surgery animal experiments.ConclusionThere are no single perfect animal models to represent and study human models. The selection is based on the application and the methodology. Careful selection is needed to give optimum and appropriate results.     

BZW2和IVD在肝癌组织中的表达及其对肝癌肝移植受者预后的影响

目的 探讨碱性亮氨酸拉链和W2结构域2(BZW2)及异戊酰辅酶A脱氢酶(IVD)在肝细胞癌(肝癌)中的表达及其对肝移植受者预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析87例肝癌肝移植受者的病理标本及临床资料,分析肝癌肝移植受者术后肿瘤复发转移情况.采用免疫组织化学染色检测BZW2和IVD的表达情况,分析BZW2和IVD与肝癌临床病理参...     

镀银铜输精管腔内节育栓(IVD)对兔生育及复孕效果影响的实验研究

目的 研制非阻断性可复性输精管腔内节育栓,动物实验观察其节衣效果及取栓后复孕率。方法 自行设计纯钢管状节育栓,外表面镀纯银。体外观察节育栓浸泡之杀精效果,置入免输精管后观察精液质量改变及节育效果。取栓后观察复孕率。结果 节育栓浸泡液铜离子浓度超过230μg/ml,有明显杀精效果。置管后生育率为2％,节育栓通畅,32周后部分节育栓被铜堵塞梗阻,取栓后复孕率为53．85％。结论 银管状铜节育栓在体外和活体内均能释放足够浓度的铜离子,有肯定节育效果。32周前节育栓通而不孕,取栓后有较好复孕率。远期节育栓腔内氧化层堆积造成管腔梗阻,尚有待妥善解决。