Deepm5C: A deep-learning-based hybrid framework for identifying human RNA N5-methylcytosine sites using a stacking strategy

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肿瘤免疫检查点抑制剂相关的肝毒性

肿瘤免疫检查点抑制剂治疗为肿瘤患者带来生存获益的同时,也面临了许多挑战,例如免疫介导的肝毒性的发生。深入了解免疫检查点抑制剂治疗肿瘤过程中导致肝损伤的发生情况、可能机制、危险因素等,有助于更好地临床管理。     

Can a pragmatic responsive feeding scale be developed and applied globally?

Responsive feeding (RF) has been recognized as necessary to prevent all forms of malnutrition including stunting and childhood obesity. Specific RF guidelines have been developed, but it is unclear how RF behaviours can be monitored systematically. Therefore, developing valid and reliable abbreviated and pragmatic RF scales is an important global priority. This is challenging, as RF is a construct with multiple dimensions including recognizing and responding to hunger and satiety cues, providing a nurturing environment during feeding episodes, and understanding how feeding needs evolve as a function of the developmental stage of the young child. Further, RF is embedded within the responsive parenting framework that in addition to RF includes sleep, soothing and play routines and the interconnections between them. A recent pioneer study conducted in a rural area of Cambodia validated an 8‐item RF scale through direct feeding observations of 6‐ to 23‐month‐old infants at home, as part of two cross‐sectional surveys conducted before and after a complementary feeding intervention. It is important for similar research to be conducted elsewhere to find out if it is possible or not to develop a core RF scale that is valid and reliable and that has adequate specificity and sensitivity for application in community studies and population surveys globally. As highlighted in this article, different definitions of RF have been used in the field; thus, it is important to reach consensus on a single definition to help move this research area forward.     

从三焦论治慢性肾脏病理论探讨

三焦作为六腑之一,是通行水、气和火的通路,与肾具有密切的生理病理性联系。三焦失调是引起慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)肾阳亏虚、气机逆乱,以及痰湿、血瘀、浊毒等病理产物形成的重要病机,通调三焦法则需贯穿CKD治疗全过程。通调三焦水道的关键在于宣肺利水、淡渗利湿,通调三焦气道的关键在于和解少阳、调畅气机,通调三焦火道的关键在于温补脾肾。三焦调畅,则肺、脾、肾功能正常,气、血、水运行协调,有利于延缓CKD进展。     

基于“证治代谢组学”假说探讨中药（单体/复方）药效物质基础的研究思路与实践＊

中药(单体/复方)药效物质基础研究是中医药现代研究的关键问题之一。然而,目前运用的生化和分子生物学方法很难诠释其多靶点、整体性和动态性的整合调节作用。课题组提出的"证治代谢组学"假说理论指出,不同的证候存在"证相关代谢谱群"和"证相关生物标志物",这可能是中药药效物质基础所在,辨证论治后偏离的代谢网络功能呈现回归趋势。基于"证治代谢组学"假说开展中药(单体/复方)药效物质基础研究,这将为阐释中药(单体/复方)防病治病和养生保健的科学内涵及其对疾病个体的整合调节作用提供新的思路。本文以冠心病为研究载体、气阴虚血瘀证为切入点、活血保心丸为干预措施,就该研究思路的内涵与总体模式、提出的背景与依据、实践的方式与可行性、创新与特色及其研究意义等进行了简要介绍。     

胸腺内注射异基因抗原诱导鼠神经移植免疫耐受的实验研究

目的探讨小鼠胸腺内注射异基因抗原在同种异体异基因坐骨神经移植免疫耐受中的作用。方法自供体小鼠C57BL／6的脾细胞中提取MHC抗原注人受体鼠Balb／c小鼠胸腺内，于2周后移植供体鼠坐骨神经。48只Balb／c小鼠随机分为4组，A组（胸腺内注射组）、B组（自体神经移植组）、C组（冷冻异体神经移植组）、D组（异体神经移植加用免疫抑制剂组）。于3周后进行电生理学、组织学、免疫学检测。结果A组运动神经传导速度（38．23m／s）与D组（36．39m／s）相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05），组织学、电镜、免疫学（混合淋巴细胞培养及迟发性超敏反应）检测结果均证实B组分别优于A组、D组和C组。结论胸腺内注射异基因MHC抗原可诱导大鼠对异体坐骨神经移植的特异性免疫耐受。     

核酸及核苷酸用于营养及免疫调节治疗的早期卫生技术评估

目的 评价核酸或核苷酸用于临床营养支持和免疫调节治疗的安全性、有效性和经济学价值。方法 检索中国生物医学文献数据库、Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE光盘数据库、EMBASE光盘数据库,并联机检索SCI数据库,鉴定有关随机对照试验(RCTs),采用RevMan4.l进行Meta-分析。结果 纳入46个随机对照试验,涉及核酸/核苷酸用于肠内营养支持、婴儿营养、免疫调节治疗。18个研究报告了含核苷酸组分的免疫增强型肠内营养对外科术后和危重症患者预后的影响,合并分析发现免疫营养对患者感染率、住院时间和费用有肯定意义。发现1个报告在母乳代用品中加入核苷酸对婴儿免疫功能影响的研究,但报告对临床结局无明显影响。27个对“免疫核酸”用于免疫调节治疗的随机对照试验均为低质量研究,合并分析无法肯定iRNA的临床价值。结论 在外科术后患者应用免疫肠内营养制剂可降低感染率、缩短住院时间并可能减少住院费用,但不能确定作为组分之一的核苷酸的作用。尚无证据支持在母乳代用品中添加核苷酸具有临床意义。不能肯定免疫核酸是否具有免疫调节作用,亦未发现核酸在延缓衰老、改善老年人健康状况方面的可用证据。建议对核酸、核苷酸用于营养支持治疗和免疫调节治疗进行进一步研究,严格规范“核酸营养品”的宣传和应用。