HPV16 E6/E7 Negatively Affect Radiosensitivity of Lung Cancer Cells

Objective Lung cancer cells associated with radioresistance are likely to give rise to local recurrence and distant metastatic relapse,but little is known about its underlying mechanisms.In the present paper,the effects of the HPV16 E6 and HPV16 E7 oncoprotein on the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cell lines were investigated.Methods The HPV16 E6 or HPV16 E7 oncoprotein was expressed by a transient transfection with pcDNA3-HPV16 E6 or pcDNA3-HPV16 E7 expression vector.Human lung cancer H2179 cells and mouse lung cancer Lewis cells were exposed to a γ-ray radiation source,cellular survival was evaluated by using a colony formation assay.The expression of HPV16 oncoproteins E6/E7,extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2(ERK1/2) and AKT signaling was determined by Western blot assay.VEGF secretion was determined by ELISA.Results Both HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 significantly decreased radiosensitivity of H2179 cells,associated with a promotion of the ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation.A decrease of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and an increase of VEGF levels were observed in the cells expressing the HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7.Furthermore,a similar reduction of radiosensitivity mediated by the HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 was also observed in a mouse lung cancer Lewis cells.Conclusion The findings indicate that the HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 negatively affects susceptibility of lung cancer cells to radiotherapy via regulation of the ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathway and VEGF expression.     

Learning From Biomarkers in Victims Accidentally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Biomarkers,such as chromosome aberration and micronuclei assays,prove to be reliable for facilitating clinical diagnosis in radiation accidents.In a radiation accident in India,chromosomal aberration,γ-H2AX,as well as other blood markers,were detected in accidentally exposed victims.This multi-parametric approach aided in confirming that individuals had been exposed by ionizing radiation.However,doses were impossible to estimate because of a 30-day delay in accident awareness.Exposure dose for victims was estimated using a dose-response curve previously established.Dose estimation,blood cell depletion kinetics,and no appearance of prodromal symptoms suggested that doses of exposure were low.Hematologic investigation,sampling time,and chromosome aberration scoring were all proposed according to data from the victims exposed to 60Co.Finally,knowledge regarding chromosome aberration analysis and the importance of international co-operation and assistance should be shared from this accident.     

竹笋味美又疗疾

竹笋,即竹的嫩芽茎,古人称之为"竹肉"、"竹胎"、"竹芽"。竹笋可分为冬笋、春笋、鞭笋3类:冬季藏在土中的为冬笋,色泽洁白,肉质细嫩,鲜美无比,有"笋中皇后"之誉;春天     

阳性MR淋巴造影检测隐匿转移性淋巴结的实验研究

目的 初步探索皮下应用Gd-DTPA-白蛋白的阳性磁共振淋巴造影检测隐匿转移性淋巴结的价值.方法 建立腘窝隐匿转移性淋巴结新西兰兔模型,分析隐匿转移性淋巴结在平扫及皮下注射0.10 mmol/肢Gd-DTPA-白蛋白后24 h时的MRI特征,并与病理检查对照.结果 12只兔的腘窝隐匿转移性淋巴结模型成功建立,其淋巴结大小为(6.7±0.2)mm.平扫时隐匿转移性腘窝淋巴结表现为T1WI上等信号,T2WI上高信号,与正常淋巴结相似.Gd-DTPA-白蛋白增强24 h,正常淋巴结呈明显、均匀的强化,而隐匿转移性淋巴结呈不均匀强化,强化形式有环状(4枚淋巴结)、云絮状(3枚)和不规则偏心"充盈缺损"(3枚),另有2枚淋巴结不强化.在脂肪抑制T1WI像上淋巴管呈明亮高信号,转移性淋巴结的引流淋巴管明显迂曲扩张.结论 皮下应用Gd-DTPA-白蛋白的阳性MR淋巴造影可清晰显示淋巴结和淋巴管,可用于检测隐匿转移性淋巴结.     

补充维生素B2对急性低氧暴露小鼠血浆代谢组的影响

目的 观察补充维生素B2对急性低氧暴露小鼠外周血代谢组的影响.方法 采用随机数字表法将35只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为:正常对照组,低氧对照组,2倍、4倍及8倍维生素B2补充组,每组7只.以相应饲料(维生素B2含量分别为6 mg/kg、12 mg/kg、24 mg/kg和48 mg/kg)喂养2周后,除正常对照组外,其它各组均在模拟6000 m高度停留8 h,采集血浆,以核磁共振的方法分析其代谢组变化.结果 急性低氧暴露后,各组动物血浆代谢组在得分图中呈聚类型分布,且有先分离后同归的代谢模式变化轨迹,显示出补充不同剂量维生素B2后小鼠血浆代谢组逐渐恢复的趋势.代谢模式产生差别的原因是脂类、乳酸、丙氨酸、N-乙酰糖蛋白、谷氨酸、胆碱、牛磺酸、糖、肉碱、甘氨酸和肌酐等物质的水平发生了变化,表明相关的代谢途径发生了变化.结论 补充维生素B2使急性低氧暴露机体碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质代谢发生改变,而维生素B2可以改善碳水化合物代谢,并可能通过肉碱间接调节了脂肪代谢;同时还发现一些氨基酸代谢发生显著变化. Abstract： Objective To observe the effects of vitamin B2 supplementation on plasma metabonome of the mice which exposed to acute hypoxia. Methods Thirty-five male Kunming mice were randomly and averagely divided into 5 groups, among which the control and hypoxia control groups were fed the fodder containing 6, 12, 24, 48 mg/kg vitamin B2 respectively. All groups were exposed to simulated hypoxia environment (equivalent to 6000 meters above sea level) for 8 hours except control group. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer was used to test the change of metabonome from collected plasma. Results After acute hypoxia exposure, the metabonome pattern in all groups showed clustering distribution in scores plot and the metabonome changes were along the trail from segregation to regression. These indicated a gradual recover tendency on plasma metabonome when different doses of vitamin B2 supplemented. The changes of lipids, lactic acid,alanine, N-acetyl-glycoprotein (NAC), glutamate, choline, taurine, glucose, carnitine, glycine and creatinine were among the factors contributing significantly to the difference of metabonome pattern and indicated the changes of related metabolic pathway. Conclusions The metabonomes of carbohydrate, lipid and protein of acute hypoxia mice are improved by vitamin B2 supplementation.Vitamin B2 is helpful to improve carbohydrate metabolism and indirectly accommodate lipid metabolism through carnitine. Vitamin B2 supplementation also results in the significant change of amino acid metabonome.     

Ionizing Radiation Induces HMGB1 Cytoplasmic Translocation and Extracellular Release

Objective A nucleosomal protein,HMGBI,can be secreted by activated immune cells or passively released by dying cells,thereby amplifying rigorous inflammatory responses.In this study we aimed to test the possibility that radiation similarly induces cytoplasmic HMGB1 translocation and release.Methods Human skin fibroblast (GM0639) and bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells and rats were exposed to X-ray radiation,and HMGB1 translocation and release were then assessed by immunocytochemistry and immunoassay,respectively.Results At a wide dose range(4.0-12.0 Gy),X-ray radiation induced a dramatic cytoplasmic HMGB1 translocation,and triggered a time-and dose-dependent HMGB1 release both in vitro and in vivo.The radiation-mediated HMGB1 release was also associated with noticeable chromosomal DNA damage and loss of cell viability.Conclusions Radiation induces HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation and extracellular release through active secretion and passive leakage processes.     

外伤后膀胱、前列腺、尿道内多发巨大结石1例

1病历简介 患者，男，43岁。因间断性排尿困难半月余，伴尿频、尿急、尿痛入院。患者于12年前因骨盆骨折合并尿道断裂在我院行尿道修补术，术后排尿功能良好。术后第3年出现排尿困难，经2次尿道扩张术后，排尿正常。查体：体温37．5℃，心、肺、腹无异常。外科情况：双脊肋角不饱满，双肾区轻微扣击痛，沿输尿管走行无压痛及扣击痛，下腹部正中可见8．0cm长的纵向愈合伤口。     

西米替丁致固定性红斑1例

1 病例介绍 患者,男性65岁.因突发上中腹持续性剧烈疼痛6h,持续不缓解于2006年2月10日收住.无发热、皮肤黄染、出皮疹.住院前未服药,入院查血淀粉酶诊断急性胰腺炎.给予静点西米替丁和氨苄青霉素治疗.用药2d后左大腿前面皮肤出现一直径3cm环形丘疹性充血斑,中心皮肤苍白.     

艾滋病病毒感染合并肺结核1例

患者 男,28岁,菲律宾人,船员.以发热、干咳、胸闷1周入院.摄胸部正、侧位片提示间质性肺炎,检测血清抗HIV( ),痰结核杆菌( ). 胸片显示:胸廓饱满、对称,双肺透光度减低,可见对称性网格状模糊阴影,双肺野弥漫性均匀分布类椭圆形结节状高密度影,心膈尚可(图1,2).     

Profiling EGFR in Triple Negative Breast Tumor Using Affibody PET Imaging

Objective Triple negative breast cancer(TNBC) represents a group of refractory breast cancers with aggressive clinical manifestations as well as poor prognoses.Human epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) expression is strongly associated with TNBC progression and it may serve as a therapeutic target for TNBC.We aimed to evaluate EGFR affibody-based PET imaging to profile EGFR expression in small animal models.Methods 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid(DOTA) conjugated Ac-Cys-ZEGFR:1907 was chemically synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesizer and then radiolabeled with 64Cu.The in vitro cell uptake study was performed using SUM159 and MCF7 cells.The biodistribution and small animal PET imaging using 64Cu-DOTA-ZEGFR:1907 were further carried out with nude mice bearing subcutaneous MDA-MB-231 and SUM159 tumors.Results DOTA-Ac-Cys-ZEGFR:1907 was successfully synthesized and radiolabeled with 64Cu.Biodistribution study showed that tumor uptake value of 64Cu-DOTA-Ac-Cys-ZEGFR:1907 remained at(4.07±0.93)％ID/g at 24 h in nude mice(n=4) bearing SUM159 xenografts.Furthermore,small animal PET imaging study clearly showed that 64Cu-DOTA-Ac-Cys-ZEGFR:1907 specifically delineated the EGFR positive TNBC tumors at 4 h or later.Conclusion The study demonstrates that 64Cu-DOTA-Ac-Cys-ZEGFR:1907 is a promising molecular probe for PET imaging of EGFR positive TNBC.EGFR based small protein scaffold holds great promise as a novel platform that can be used for EGFR profiling of TNBC.     

Effect of Amifostine on Patients with Lung Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy or Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Objective Amifostine is clinically used as a chemical radioprotector. Nevertheless, its efficacy as a radioprotector remains controversial. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the references of the published results of trials on the efficacy of amifostine in patients with lung cancer and who received radiotherapy or concomitant chemoradiotherapy were searched. The pooled radiation protection efficacy, treatment response, and side effects of amifostine were calculated using RevMan software. Results Twelve randomized controlled trials involving 1000 patients with lung cancer were ultimately analyzed. Results of meta-analysis revealed that the use of amifostine reduced the risk of acute esophageal toxicity(RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.39-0.81; P=0.002) and pulmonary toxicity(RR, 0.42;95% CI, 0.25-0.70;P=0.001). Subgroup analysis also demonstrated that the risk of acute esophageal toxicity and pulmonary toxicity significantly reduced in patients who received chemoradiation concurrent with amifostine or radiation only. Pooled data showed that the use of amifostine did not significantly decrease the risk of late pulmonary toxicity(RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45-1.19; P=0.210). Moreover, subgroup analysis demonstrated that the risk oflate pulmonary toxicity did not significantly decrease in patients who received chemoradiotherapy concomitant with amifostine(RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.48-1.46; P=0.540). Amifostine did not exert tumor-protective effects in partial response(RR,0.98;95% CI, 0.83-1.15; P=0.800) but improved complete response(RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.03-2.18; P=0.030), although publication bias was observed through Egger' s test(P=0.000). Moreover, amifostine had no effect on one-year overall survival (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.81-1.09; P=0.400) and two-year overall survival(RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.81-1.39;P=0.680) rates. The incidence of neutropenia, a hematologic side effect of amifostine, was not significantly different(RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.61-1.71; P=0.940) between the amifostine and control group. The use of amifostine, however, significantly decreased the incidence of thrombocytopenia(RR, 0.45;95% CI, 0.21-0.94;P=0.030). The most common amifostine-related side effects were nausea, vomiting, and hypotension with average incidence rates of 11%, 14%, and 24%, respectively. Conclusions This systematic review showed that the concurrent administration of amifostine with radiotherapy to patients with lung cancer significantly reduced the risks of acute esophageal toxicity and acute pulmonary toxicity and decreased the incidence of thrombocytopenia without tumor-protecting effects. In addition, the toxicities of amifostine were generally controllable through clinical treatment or resting.     

高原驻训"十防"

高原地区具有海拔高、严寒、缺氧、低气压、低温、低湿、强气流、紫外线强、地形复杂等特点,部队在进驻高原地区实施训练时,需要周密计划、精心安排、严密组织、合理施训。高原驻训要"十防":防紧张在部队离开营区进驻高原实施训练的前2周,需要对所有参训人员进     

超选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾活检后大出血1例

报告1例应用超选择性肾动脉栓塞抢救肾活检后大出血成功,提示在肾活检率逐年提高、肾活检人数逐渐增多的今天,即使发生严重的大出血,不再必须切除肾脏,介入治疗可以取得良好效果,而且能够尽可能地保护残存的肾功能.     

多中心网状组织细胞增生症一例

病例资料患者,女,71岁,1年前颜面部无明显诱因出现红斑,瘙痒,无渗液,搔抓后头、颈、躯干逐渐出现红斑、丘疹、结节。查体:四肢、腹部水肿。双手指部分变形。头皮、颜面、躯干、背部紫红色斑、丘疹密集,呈米粒大小。实验室检查:血沉65mm/h。ASO(-)、RF(-)、CRP59mg/l。ANA、抗ds     

巨大膀胱憩室内结石合并憩室颈部膀胱癌1例

患者男性,54岁,下腹部不适两年,尿频、尿急等症状,时有下腹疼痛,近日疼痛逐渐加重,尿液检查:少量红细胞.     

基层医院放射科CR系统QA、QC浅谈

CR(computed radiography,计算机X线成像)系统的广泛应用,明显提高了放射科X线图像质量,减少了胶片浪费,提高了经济效益和工作效率.     

食管炎性假瘤1例

患者男性,23岁.间断恶心、呕吐伴进食后哽噎感、嗳气半年,给予中药治疗,症状无明显缓解.查体:腹软,中上腹轻微压痛,无反跳痛、腹肌紧张,余无异常.胃镜:距门齿40～45cm处食管环周2～7点可见半球样隆起,累及齿线,隆起表面部分粘膜尚光滑,可见血管纹理,隆起下部表面粘膜粗糙不平,呈增殖样改变,组织较韧,易出血.     

吸入CO2法实施呼吸暂停试验的安全性研究

目的 探讨改良吸入CO2法实施呼吸暂停试验的安全性.方法 共收集可疑脑死亡病例14例.采用传统方法(试验A)及改良吸入CO2法(试验B)实施呼吸暂停试验.改良吸入CO2法:在气管插管末端连接"T"型管,并分别与呼吸机管路及CO2气体管路连接.与传统方法不同,纯氧机械通气10min后不断离呼吸机,打开CO2阀门,向吸入气中混入1.5L/min CO2,1min后断开呼吸机,继续观察呼吸动作1min.于试验前、吸入纯氧后、脱机后每间隔2min(试验A)、脱机前及脱机1min后(试验B)、重新上机后5min行动脉血气分析,记录血流动力学参数,试验前及试验结束后测定血乳酸浓度.结果 14例呼吸暂停试验结果均为阳性.试验A,脱机后8min内PaCO2显著上升(＞60mmHg,P＜0.01),pH值下降(P＜0.05),但PaO2保持在200mmHg以上;MAP轻度下降,但无统计学意义;与基础值比较,PAP显著升高(P＜0.05).试验B,吸入CO2 1min后,PaCO2能有效上升至60mmHg以上或较基础值升高20mmHg,仅1例超过80mmHg;试验过程中,血流动力学参数均保持相对稳定,PAP无显著变化.两种呼吸暂停试验前后血乳酸浓度无明显变化.结论 吸入CO2法及传统方法实施呼吸暂停试验均能有效保持足够组织氧代谢.传统呼吸暂停试验过程中,由于高PaCO2时间长,存在肺动脉高压以及循环不稳定风险.吸入CO2法能有效避免该并发症,连续PaCO2监测的应用是试验安全的有效保证.     

Long Non-coding RNAs in Response to Genotoxic Stress

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are increasingly involved in diverse biological processes.Upon DNA damage,the DNA damage response(DDR) elicits a complex signaling cascade,which includes the induction of lncRNAs.LncRNA-mediated DDR is involved in non-canonical and canonical manners.DNA-damage induced lncRNAs contribute to the regulation of cell cycle,apoptosis,and DNA repair,thereby playing a key role in maintaining genome stability.This review summarizes the emerging role of lncRNAs in DNA damage and repair.     

青春期锻炼身体的最佳时期

"生命在于运动",科学的体育锻炼有益于人体健康,而青春期更是锻炼身体的最佳时期。青春期锻炼身体对青少年来说有如下好处:第一,锻炼可以促进身体的生长发育。在青春期,青少年的身体会发生巨大的变化,逐渐完成从儿童到成人的转变。一旦青春期结束,人的身体也就基本定型了。衡量这一