Expressions of HIF-1α and COX-2 in esophageal squarnous cell carcinoma and their correlation with intratutaoral MVD

Objective To investigate the expressions of HIF-1α,COX-2 and introtumoral microvascalar density(MVD) in esophageal aquamous cell carcinoma (ESCC),and their impacts on the efficacy of radiotherapy.Methods Expressions of HIF-1α and COX-2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry methods in fifty-five cases of ESCC.Microvessels were labelled in sections of same tissues by CD34 immunohistochemistry.The correlations with clinicopathological features and postradiotherapy survival rates were evaluated and analyzed.Results The MVD ranged from 2 to 29 ( mean of 11.2±4.1 ).The positive rates of HIF-1α and COX-2 protein expression were 92.7% and 69.1%,respectively,both of which were not correlated with intratumoral MVD.The expressions of HIF-1α and COX-2 were not correlated with histological grade or the location of the primary tumor.Univariate analysis revealed that 2-year survival rates and median survival time following radiotherapy were not assocaited with the expressions of HIF-1α,COX-2 or MVD.Conclusions MVD and the expressions of HIF-1α and COX-2 in ESCC are not efficient to predict the outcome of ESCC following radiotherapy.     

缺氧诱导因子-1α基因多态性和乳腺癌易感性关系的Meta分析

目的 运用Meta分析方法评价缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1α)基因多态性与乳腺癌发生的关系。方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库等数据库中所有关于HIF-1α基因多态性与乳腺癌易感关系的相关文献,合并各研究的OR值进行Meta分析。结果 HIF-1α C1772T基因多态性与乳腺癌发生的研究共纳入9篇文献,乳腺癌患者2 787例,对照组2 686例,G1790A基因多态性与乳腺癌风险的研究共纳入4篇文献,其中乳腺癌患者796例,对照组651例。Meta分析结果表明,C1772T以及G1790A基因型均与乳腺癌发病风险无明显相关。排除了对照组基因分布不符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律后,对C1772T基因多态性与乳腺癌关系进行敏感性分析,结果表明显性模型（TT vs CT+CC）以及（TT vs CC）与乳腺癌发生有密切关系[OR=2.61,95%CI(1.32~5.15),P=0.006;OR=2.62,95%CI(1.33~5.16),P=0.005];对G1790A基因多态性研究进行敏感分析,未发现对总体分析结果有明显影响。结论 HIF-1α C1772T基因隐性模型个体发生乳腺癌风险可能增加,但HIF-1α基因多态性与乳腺癌发病风险之间的关系尚不明确。     

青蒿素对人鼻咽癌CNE细胞的放射增敏作用及机制的研究

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effects of artemisinin on CNE human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods CNE human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line was used in this study.Cell growth kinetics was determined by MTT assay.Effect of the drug on radiosensitivity of CNE cells was analyzed by clonogenic assay.The change of cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry.Results The inhibition of CNE cells growth by artemisinin was increased with concentrations.Artemisinin (1 μmol/L)could enhance the radiosensitizing effects on CNE cell line,and the sensitizing enhancement ratio(SER)was 1.26.Artemisinin abrogated radiation-induced G2/M arrest of the tested CNE cells.Compared with the radiation alone group,the proportion of G2/M phase cells increased in radiation combined with drug group.Conclusions Artemisinin could reduce radiation-induced G2/M arrest and enhance the cytotoxicity of γ-irradiation on the CNE ceils.     

青蒿素对人鼻咽癌CNE细胞的放射增敏作用及机制的研究

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effects of artemisinin on CNE human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods CNE human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line was used in this study.Cell growth kinetics was determined by MTT assay.Effect of the drug on radiosensitivity of CNE cells was analyzed by clonogenic assay.The change of cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry.Results The inhibition of CNE cells growth by artemisinin was increased with concentrations.Artemisinin (1 μmol/L)could enhance the radiosensitizing effects on CNE cell line,and the sensitizing enhancement ratio(SER)was 1.26.Artemisinin abrogated radiation-induced G2/M arrest of the tested CNE cells.Compared with the radiation alone group,the proportion of G2/M phase cells increased in radiation combined with drug group.Conclusions Artemisinin could reduce radiation-induced G2/M arrest and enhance the cytotoxicity of γ-irradiation on the CNE ceils.     

Joint detection and clinical analyse of urine β_2-microglobulin,albumin and immunoglobulin G in patients with hyperthyroidism

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of joint detection of urine β_2-microglobulin(β_2-MG),albumin(Alb)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)in patients with hyperthyroidism Methods Urine β_2-MG,Alb,IgG and serum thyroid hormone free trilute(FT_3),free thyroxin(FT_4)of 45healthy volunteers(as control group)and 120 patients with hyperthyroidism were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA).Results The urine β_2-MG,Alb and IgG in the hyperthyroidism group(including the primary group(group A)and uncured group(group B))were distinctly higher than those in control group and hyperthyroidism cured group(group C)(t=6.682,P<0.01).It was distinctly higher in hyperthyroidism group B than that in hyperthyroidism group A(t=2.385,P<0.05).And there was no distinct difference between the control group with hyperthyroidism group C in urine β_2-MG,Alb and IgG(t=0.568,P>0.05).There was favorable correlation between the urine β_2-MG,Alb and IgG with serum FT3 and FT4(the related coeflicients were 0.98,0.88,0.93,0.87,0.94,and 0.85 respectively).Conclusion It is important to measure urine β_2-MG together with Alb and IgG in early judgment of the location and degree of kidney injury,as well as the severity of disease in patients with hyperthyroidism.     

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on TF、TNF-α in the rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head

Objective To investigate dynamic changes in serum TF and TNF-α in the rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular osteonecrosis of femoral head ( SANFH) and also to explore the mechanism of SANFH, as well as effects of hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO) on SANFH. Methods Seventy-eight New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:the normal control (group N) (7 animals), the model group (group M) (41 animals) and the HBO group (group H) (30 animals). The model group was subdivided into the immediate model group (the M0 group) (10 animals), the two-week model group (the M2 group) (10 animals), the four-week model group (the M4 group) (10 animals) and the six-week model group (the M6 group) (11 animals). The HBO group was further divided into the 2-week HBO therapy group (HBO2) (7 animals), the 4-week HBO therapy group (HBO4) (11 animals) and the 6-week HBO therapy group (HBO6) (12 animals). Through injection of endotoxin and methyl-prednisolone, rabbits in the group HBO2, HBO4 and HBO6 received HBO therapy 1 hour daily from the second day of the experiment. The durations of HBO therapy were 2 weeks ( HBO2), and 4 weeks respectively. The animals were sacrificed after blood samples were taken at respective blood collection time. Then, levels of TF, TNF-α in the serum were measured and the histological changes in the femoral heads were observed. Results Levels of TF and TNF-α in group M0 increased significantly, when compared with those of group N (P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0.01), while for the HBO subgroups the expression of TF and TNF-α measured at the same time points all decreased, when compared with that of the model subgroups (P＜0. 05 or P ＜0.01). To elaborate, TF levels in group M2 and M4 were much higher than those in group HBO2 and HBO4 ( P＜0. 01 ). TF level in group M6 was higher than that in group HB06 ( P ＜ 0.05). TNF-α in group M0 also increased significantly, when compared with that in group N( P ＜0.01). TNF-α levels in group M2 and M6 were also much higher than those in group HBO2 and HBO6 ( both P ＜0. 01 ). TNF-α in group M4 was higher than that in group HBO4 (P＜0.01). Histological examination revealed that tissues of the femoral heads in group N were normal, osteonecrosis and thrombus could be noted in group M2 and M4, hyperplasia fibrosis could be found in group M6, and osteonecrosis in HBO2 and HB04 groups seemed less severer than that in M2 and M4 groups, no thrombi in HBO2, HBO4 groups were noted, and growth of new bones were detected in HBO4 and HBO6. Conclusions The levels of TF and TNF-α levels increased in the rabbit model of SANFH, inducing blood coagulation. Thrombosis at the femoral heads was one of the causes of SANFH. HBO therapy could inhibit the release of TF and TNF-α, thus improving the abnormality of blood coagulation and enhancing treatment of osteonecrosis.     

高压氧对大鼠急性脊髓损伤炎症因子表达的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of early HBO therapy on the expressions of pro inflammatory cytokine mRNA including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:the sham operation group (n=4) , the SCI group (n = 18) , and the hyperbaric oxygen group (n = 18). Spinal cord injury model was developed by using the modified Allen impact. Then, the SCI group and the HBO group received HBO therapy 2 hours after injury, once a day. And 3 rats were randomly selected at 6, 12, 24, 72, 120 and 168 h following injury to take samples of injured spinal cord tissue and measure dynamic changes in the expressions of TNF-α, IL-10 mRNA by semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. Results Faint expression of the cytokine mRNA could be noticed in the sham group. The expression of TNF-α mRNA in the injured spinal cord tissue in the SCI group elevated gradually, increased obviously at 12 h after injury and reached peak at 24 h, and its high expression maintained till 72 h after injury. The tendency in the expression of TNF-α mRNA in the HBO group was identical to that of the SCI group, however, the amplitude in the increase of TNF-α mRNA decreased (P＜0. 05). The expression of IL-10 mRNA in the SCI group began to increase at 12 h after injury and increased gradually over time and reached peak at 168 h. The expressions of both TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA were more consistent in the HBO group, with more obvious increase in the expressions of IL-10 mRNA. Conclusions HBO could reduce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines,resulting in reduction of secondary spinal cord injury,protection of the damaged nerve cells and promotion of recovery.     

Intervention of Astragalus membranaceus on radioactive lung injuries and influence on TNF-α and ET expression

Objective To observe the lung protection of Astragalus membranaceus against radiotherapy to intermediate-stage and terminal thoracic neoplasm, and its influence on TNF-α and ET expression.Methods The patients with intermediate-stage and terminal thoracic neoplasm under radiotherapy were divided into a treatment group and a control group.Patients in the treatment group took 10 ml of Asragalus membranaceus twice a day.for consecutive 6 months from the beginning of radio therapy.TNF-α and ET in the plasma were measured before and after the radiotherapy.The clinical symptom,iconographic changes and lung diffusion were observed from the 15th day of radiotherapy.Results The TNF-α and ET in plasma afterthe radiotherapy were(2.48±0.75)as/ml and(69.32±23.03)pg/ml for the treatment group,and(5.12±1.01)ns/ml and(97.87±37.83)pg/ml for the control group with the statistial difference(x2=7.49,6.57,P<0.001).The decrease of CO diffusion 5 and 10 months after the radiotherapy in the treatment group was statistically different compared with that in the control group(x2=3.98,3.78,P<0.05).There was a statistical difference of the incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis between these two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Astragalus membranaceus could inhibit the excess expression of TNF-α and ET in plasma and reduce the deterioration of diffusion after radiotherapy,so that it can be used for intervention of lung injuries from radiotherapy.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

兔肢体爆炸伤合并海水浸泡后在不同复温速率及维持浅低体温下机体炎症反应的特征

Objective To investigate effects of different rewarming rates and maintenance of light hypothermia on inflammatory response in rabbits after limb blast injury, coupled with seawater immersion. Methods First, the model of limb blast injury coupled with seawater immersion was reproduced [the animals were immersed to low body temperature of (31.0±0.5℃)]. Then, 24 adult rabbits were randomly divided into group Ⅰ [the rapid rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (8.94±0.93)℃/h], group Ⅱ [the slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (3.88±0.22)℃/h], group Ⅲ [another slow rewarming group, n=6, rewarmed to (38±0.5)℃ at a rate of (2.18±0.12)℃/h], and the H group [the hypothermia group, n =6, rewarmed to (34 - 35)℃ at a rate of (4.49±0.66)℃/h and kept at that temperature till termination of the experiment]. Regulation of ambient temperature and warm transfusion were used to restore body temperature to target levels and maintained there for 6 hours. Blood samples were taken at 5 different times, I.e. Pre-injury time(T0), post-immersion time (T1), the time when rewarming started (T2), 3 h after rewarming (T3), and 6 h after rewarming (T4). Tissue samples from heart, liver, intestinum, lung and kidney were also collected. Levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) in plasma and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in homogenate were detected. Results Following rewarming, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in the plasma of the animals in group Ⅰ and group H were significantly higher when compared with those of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05, P<0.01), and MPO activity in homogenate was significantly higher when compared with that of the animals in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(P<0.01, P<0.05), and no statistical difference could be seen between group Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). Conclusions Rapid rewarming and maintenance of light hypothermia could obviously elevate TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 concentrations in plasma and MPO activity in homogenate, following limb blast injury coupled with hypothermia induced by seawater immersion, while slow rewarming (with a rewarming rate of 2-4℃/h) could significantly inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and PMN activity.     

撬顶复位植骨治疗Hill-Sachs损伤的解剖学研究

Objective To determine whether the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through bony tunnel can correct a Hill-Sachs lesion. Methods A total of 30 cadaveric humeri were equally divided into three groups, 10 cadaveric humeri per group. Hill-Sachs lesions were replicated with a osseous defect involving 10% (group A ) , 20% (group B ) and 30% (group C ) of the articular surface. All the bone defects in each group were measured and the poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel was performed in group B and group C. The preoperative and postoperative transverse arc length, longitudinal are length, depth and volume of the osseous defects in group B and group C were compared by using paired t test. Results Before reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was ( 10.9 ± 1.4 )mm in group B and ( 16.3 ± 2.3 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc length was ( 22.4 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 28.0 ± 2.2 ) mm in group C ;depth was (6.9±0.9) mm in group B and (11. 1 ±0.9) mm in group C; volume was (708.7±93.9) mm3 in group B and (1338.3 ± 185.6) mm3 in group C. After reduction, the transverse arc length of the bone defects was (5.1 ± 2.4 ) mm in group B and ( 7.6 ± 3.6 ) mm in group C ; longitudinal arc lengthwas (10.5 ±4.9) mm in group B and (12.3 ±5.3) mm in group C; depth was (0.3±0.1 ) mm in group B and (0.4 ±0.1 ) mm in group C; volume was (48.9 ± 16.1 )mm3 in group B and (70.3 ± 37.9) mm3 in group C. The comparison of all the parameters showed statistical difference (P <0. 01 ). Conclusion The poking reduction and bone grafting technique with guide through a bony tunnel can effectively correct the Hill-Sachs lesions with humeral head osseous defects involving 20% -30% of the articular surface.     

HIF-1基因C1772T、G1790A多态性与藏族人群高原低氧适应关系的研究

缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)是首先被低氧诱导并在组织细胞广泛表达的转录因子,HIF-1通过与靶基因低氧应答元件(HRE)的结合位点相结合并调节后者的转录,在缺氧分子生物学反应中起着重要调控作用。HIF-1α基因的C1772T和G1790A多态性对HIF-1α的转录激活能力有明显影响并与人头颈部鳞     

Intervention of Astragalus membranaceus on radioactive lung injuries and influence on TNF-α and ET expression

Objective To observe the lung protection of Astragalus membranaceus against radiotherapy to intermediate-stage and terminal thoracic neoplasm, and its influence on TNF-α and ET expression.Methods The patients with intermediate-stage and terminal thoracic neoplasm under radiotherapy were divided into a treatment group and a control group.Patients in the treatment group took 10 ml of Asragalus membranaceus twice a day.for consecutive 6 months from the beginning of radio therapy.TNF-α and ET in the plasma were measured before and after the radiotherapy.The clinical symptom,iconographic changes and lung diffusion were observed from the 15th day of radiotherapy.Results The TNF-α and ET in plasma afterthe radiotherapy were(2.48±0.75)as/ml and(69.32±23.03)pg/ml for the treatment group,and(5.12±1.01)ns/ml and(97.87±37.83)pg/ml for the control group with the statistial difference(x2=7.49,6.57,P<0.001).The decrease of CO diffusion 5 and 10 months after the radiotherapy in the treatment group was statistically different compared with that in the control group(x2=3.98,3.78,P<0.05).There was a statistical difference of the incidence of acute radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis between these two groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Astragalus membranaceus could inhibit the excess expression of TNF-α and ET in plasma and reduce the deterioration of diffusion after radiotherapy,so that it can be used for intervention of lung injuries from radiotherapy.     

Effects of seawater immersion combined with open abdominal injury on the expression of NF-κB,and IκBαof small intestine in rats

Objective To observe effects of seawater immersion combined with open abdominal injury on the expression of NF-κB,and IκBαas well as the change pattern in rats. Methods Ninety-one Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (n =7), the open abdominal injury group(n =42) and open abdominal injury combined with 1-hour seawater immersion group ( n =42). The expression of NF-κB,andIκBαin small intestine tissues was measured by Western blot and statistical analyses were also made in the study. Results The expression of NF-κB,in the seawater immersion combined with open abdominal injury group increased significantly 3 hours after injury, when compared with that of the open abdominal injury group(P<0. 05), whereas the expression of NF-κB, of the pure injury group was slightly lower than that of the control group, but no statistical differences could be seen between them(P>0.05). The change pattern in the expression of IκBαwas quite the opposite to that of NF-κB. Conclusions NF-κB seemed to be rapidly and persistently involved in the whole inflammatory response to trauma induced by opened abdominal injury and seawater immersion, when a comparison was made with the pure open abdominal injury group. Injuries for the rats in the open abdominal injury combined with seawater immersion group were serious, and the feedback mechanism for NF-κB was not established for quite a long time.