不同产地玄参饮片高效液相色谱指纹图谱及6种化学成分含量测定

目的建立玄参饮片的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱及6种化学成分同时定量分析的方法。方法采用HPLC测定了16个不同批次的玄参样品,色谱柱为Syncronis C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.03%磷酸-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长210 nm,柱温40℃,流速1 mL·min~(-1),运行时间80 min,建立玄参饮片的指纹图谱并进行含量测定,采用中药指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)对16批样品进行共有峰确认及相似度评价;通过SPSS 21.0统计软件采用主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(CA)对HPLC指纹图谱进行模式识别分析。结果以肉桂酸为参照物,建立了玄参饮片的HLPC指纹图谱共有模式,标定了20个共有峰,并指认了其中桃叶珊瑚苷、哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、安格洛苷C、类叶升麻苷和肉桂酸6个峰,并对其中6种主要成分进行含量测定;对16批样品进行了相似度评价,其相似度为0.881～0.980。结论建立的HPLC指纹图谱结合主成分分析、聚类分析方法,可以客观、有效、全面地用于玄参饮片的质量评价;不同厂家、批号、产地的玄参饮片样品质量不一,应加强中药规范化生产。     

丹参饮片HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的：建立丹参饮片的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,研究不同产地丹参饮片的质量,建立评价丹参饮片质量优劣的指纹图谱分析方法。方法运用Waters 2695 DAD-HPLC高效液相色谱仪,采用Thermo C18（4．6 mm ×250 mm ,5μm）色谱柱,以乙腈-4 mL · L -1甲酸水进行梯度洗脱,流速为1．0 mL · min-1,检测波长为270 nm ,柱温30℃,通过聚类分析和相似度分析建立10批丹参饮片的指纹图谱。结果10批丹参饮片中获得19个色谱共有峰,不同来源丹参饮片指纹图谱相似度有一定差别。结论采用HPLC方法建立丹参饮片指纹图谱,方法稳定、可靠、简便,色谱图展现的各峰分离度较好,特征明显,可作为丹参饮片真伪鉴别的标准,为丹参饮片的质量评价提供参考依据。     

玄参HPLC指纹图谱的比较研究

目的:建立HPLC指纹图谱测定方法,分析测定玄参商品饮片和不同加工方法制成的玄参饮片的指纹图谱。方法:色谱条件为Zorbax SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,0.025%磷酸水溶液和乙腈梯度洗脱,检测波长210 nm,流速1 mL.min-1,柱温25℃。结果:发现16个色谱峰为玄参商品饮片的共有峰,确定了其相对保留时间和相对峰面积的范围。指纹图谱的数据表明,20批玄参饮片相似度为0.488～0.929,质量差异较大;不同加工方法制成的玄参饮片化学成分差异较大,提示先润后切和先蒸后切加工的玄参质量有差异。结论:玄参HPLC指纹图谱测定是评价玄参药材及饮片质量的较好方法。     

芪箭颗粒中皂苷类成分与莫诺苷的指纹图谱研究

目的建立芪箭颗粒指纹图谱,为完善其质量控制提供参考。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长203 nm,柱温25℃,进样量10μL。以人参皂苷Rg1为参照,测定10批样品的HPLC图谱,采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2012版)进行相似度评价,确定共有峰。结果 10批芪箭颗粒HPLC指纹图谱有16个共有峰,相似度均> 0.94。结论所建立的芪箭颗粒指纹图谱特征性强,可以作为其质量控制的手段之一。     

含量测定与特定（指纹）图谱分析相结合方法用于枳壳药材质量分析

目的:以枳壳为对象,研究准确反映药材内在整体质量的分析方法。方法:采用色谱分析法建立枳壳的化学特定(指纹)图谱,同时选择关键成分柚皮苷建立含量测定方法,从特定(指纹)图谱相似度与关键成分含量限度两方面同时入手,评价枳壳药材质量。色谱特定(指纹)图谱条件为:Agilent Hypersil ODS柱(4.0 mm×250 mm,5μm),0.5％醋酸-甲醇为流动相,线性梯度洗脱程序:0 min,流动相比例为80:20;10 min,60:40;35 min,30:70;50 min,0:100;55 min,0:100。流速1 mL·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长320 nm。柚皮苷含量测定色谱条件为:Agilent Hypersil ODS柱(4.0 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为0.3％醋酸-甲醇(65:35),流速1 mL·min-1,柱温30℃,检测波长280 am。结果:不同产地及同产地不同批次枳壳药材柚皮苷的含量在3.19％-5.50％之间,有一定差异;相同产地枳壳的特定(指纹)图谱相似度较高,不同产地枳壳的特定(指纹)图谱相似度较低。结论:特定(指纹)图谱与关键成分含量测定相结合的分析方法能更全面反映枳壳药材整体质量,是一种有效的中药材质量分析方法。     

仙鹤草配方颗粒中槲皮素含量测定及指纹图谱研究

目的探讨仙鹤草配方颗粒中槲皮素含量测定及指纹图谱分析方法。方法收集16批仙鹤草饮片,制备标准汤剂,采用高效液相色谱法测定标准汤剂中槲皮素含量,色谱柱为DIKMA Diamonsil C;柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液(28∶72,V/V),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为368 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。采用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)"进行相似度评价,建立16批标准汤剂的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,指认共有色谱峰并验证。结果16批标准汤剂中,槲皮素质量浓度在2.32~23.19μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD均小于2.0%,耐用性试验的RSD均小于3.6%,槲皮素含量为2.03~3.88 mg/g,平均2.88 mg/g;呈现5个共有特征峰,且相似度均大于0.9;配方颗粒与标准汤剂的指纹图谱基本一致。结论所建立的槲皮素含量测定及指纹图谱分析方法准确、可靠,可为后续质量标准的建立提供参考。     

消乳散的UPLC指纹图谱

目的建立中药复方制剂消乳散的UPLC指纹图谱,对制剂进行质量控制。方法采用Kromat Universil XB C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3μm),以乙腈-质量分数为0.1%的磷酸水为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,柱温:30℃,流速:0.1 m L·min-1,检测波长:254 nm;建立消乳散的UPLC指纹图谱,运用"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统软件"对10批制剂进行相似度评价,并指认其特征峰。结果建立的消乳散UPLC指纹图谱共标示出16个共有峰,10批制剂的指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱的相似度的均值为0.989~0.998,均大于0.90,满足质量要求。结论上述建立的UPLC指纹图谱精密度、重复性和稳定性均良好,可以用于消乳散的质量评价,可为消乳散的整体质量控制提供科学依据。     

淫羊藿饮片指纹识别模式的建立与评价

摘 要 目的： 建立淫羊藿饮片的综合质量评价模式,为其质量控制提供参考。方法: 通过指纹识别模式的建立,对市售淫羊藿饮片指纹峰进行双向反馈,评价淫羊藿饮片整体质量。采用HPLC Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C₁₈(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速：1.0 ml·min^-1,柱温：30℃。结果: 初步建立了市售淫羊藿饮片HPLC指纹图谱,确定共有峰16个,市售淫羊藿饮片整体被分为两类,并且两类质量相差较大。结论:建立淫羊藿饮片指纹图谱的11批饮片相似度相差较大,不同产地、采集时间等因素对淫羊藿饮片整体质量影响较大。指纹评价模式能很好的反应出中药饮片质量的整体趋势,适合多成分中药及其制剂的综合质量评价。     

陈皮饮片高效液相指纹图谱研究

目的建立评价陈皮饮片质量优劣的指纹图谱分析方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,Waters Symmetry C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈,梯度洗脱,检测波长为300 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温为25℃。结果测定了43批陈皮饮片的高效液相指纹图谱,建立了43批药材的总共有模式。结论利用陈皮高效液相指纹图谱分析法,可较全面地反映陈皮饮片的内在质量,可用于陈皮饮片的质量控制。     

苦荞的HPLC指纹图谱分析

目的:建立苦荞的HPLC指纹图谱分析方法。方法:采用岛津ODS柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈–水(含2%的醋酸),梯度洗脱,检测波长280 nm,流速:1 mL.min-1。采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A)版》,计算不同产地苦荞样品的HPLC指纹图谱的整体相似度。结果:共有12个共有峰,16批被测样品的色谱指纹图谱的整体相似度在0.927～0.999。结论:该指纹图谱检测方法简便、重现性好,可作为苦荞药材质量控制的重要方法。     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Emerging drugs for epilepsy

Epilepsy affects ≤ 1% of the world's population. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, although more than a third of patients are not rendered seizure free with existing medications. Uncontrolled epilepsy is associated with increased mortality and physical injuries, and a range of psychosocial morbidities, posing a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Limitations of the present AEDs include suboptimal efficacy and their association with a host of adverse reactions. Continued efforts are being made in drug development to overcome these shortcomings employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structure of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism-based drug screening of compounds in traditional and newer animal models. This article reviews the need for new treatments and discusses some of the emerging compounds that have entered clinical development. The ultimate goal is to develop novel agents that can prevent the occurrence of seizures and the progression of epilepsy in at risk individuals.     

盐酸达泊西汀中甲磺酸甲酯、甲磺酸乙酯及甲磺酸异丙酯的顶空毛细管GC-ECD法测定

建立了衍生化顶空毛细管气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)法测定盐酸达泊西汀中的甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)、甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)和甲磺酸异丙酯(IMS).应用碘化钠衍生技术,使用PW-5毛细管柱,载气为氮气,ECD检测,程序升温.MMS、EMS和IMS分别在0.03～0.30、0.05～0.50和0.05～0.50 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为63.5％、100.3％和96.2％,最低检测限分别为0.30、0.50和0.50 ng/ml.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.