抗感颗粒有效组分质量控制研究

目的 通过对抗感颗粒中牛蒡子、黄芩、连翘、甘草等药材进行薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别、对有效成分黄芪苷和牛蒡苷进行含量测定的研究，建立科学合理的抗感颗粒有效组分质量控制方法。方法 采用薄层色谱法鉴别牛蒡子、连翘和甘草药材；采用高效液相色谱法对方中牛蒡苷和黄芩苷进行含量测定。结果 有效成分黄芩苷和牛蒡苷分别在88.76～887.6、33.68～336.8 mg·L^-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率分别为100.1%、100.3%,RSD分别为1.3%、1.5%(n=6)。薄层鉴别图谱斑点圆整且分离度好，阴性对照无干扰。结论 该方法准确可靠，重复性好，专属性强，可用于抗感颗粒的质量控制。     

桑菊感冒合剂质量标准研究

目的建立桑菊感冒合剂的质量标准。方法用薄层色谱法（TLC）,对桑菊感冒合剂中的甘草、桔梗、连翘进行定性鉴别;用高效液相色谱法同时对桑菊感冒合剂中的连翘苷进行定量分析。结果 TLC薄层色谱中能较好的检出甘草、桔梗、连翘,相应的特征斑点清晰,重现性好,阴性样品无干扰。HLPC含量测定中连翘苷含量在0.0060625～0.097mg.mL-1范围内,线性关系良好;平均回收率为100.55%,RSD=3.03%。结论所建立的薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法专属性强、重复性好,可用于桑菊感冒合剂的质量控制。     

桑菊感冒冲剂中连翘、甘草的薄层色谱鉴别

目的研究桑菊感冒冲剂中连翘、甘草的薄层鉴别方法。方法采用连翘、连翘苷、甘草为对照,对3批桑菊感冒冲剂进行薄层色谱鉴别。结果3批供试品色谱中,在与连翘对照药材、连翘苷对照品、甘草对照药材色谱相应的位置上,显相同颜色的斑点和荧光斑点。结论该法专属性强,操作易行,可用于桑菊感冒冲剂中连翘、甘草的鉴别。     

HPLC同时测定羚羊感冒片中牛蒡苷和连翘苷的含量

目的 确立高效液相色谱法同时测定羚羊感冒片中牛蒡苷和连翘苷含量的方法.方法 采用SHIMADZU C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(22∶78),流速1.0ml/min,检测波长228nm.结果 连翘苷在0.02138～0.2138ug范围内,峰面积与其进样量线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率为98.53%,RSD为1.57%(n=6).牛蒡苷在0.2104～5.260ug范围内,峰面积与其进样量呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.94%,RSD=1.80%.结论 本法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于该制剂质量控制.     

乾元丸的质量标准研究

目的:建立乾元丸的质量控制标准。方法:采用TLC法鉴别制剂中牛蒡子、赤芍、连翘、牛黄、麝香,采用HPLC法测定牛蒡苷含量。结果:薄层色谱鉴别的5种供试品色谱,在与对照品或对照药材色谱相应的位置上均能显相同颜色的斑点;牛蒡苷含量测定平均回收率为98.32%,RSD为1.23%(n=6)。结论:该方法操作简便、灵敏准确,重现性好,可作为该制剂的质量控制标准。     

HPLC法测定羚羊感冒胶囊中牛蒡子苷的含量

目的:建立用HPLC法测定羚羊感冒胶囊中牛蒡子苷的含量。方法:采用日本岛津10AVP型液相色谱仪,Packed ODS-A(4.6×150mm,5μm)(日本YMC)色谱柱,检测波长280nm,以乙腈-水(25:75)为流动相,流速为0.8mL·min~(-1),进样10μl。外标法测定含量。结果:精密度及回收率结果良好,平均回收率为99.21%(n=9),RSD= 0.84%。结论:方法准确可靠,可用于羚羊感冒胶囊中牛蒡子苷的含量测定。     

HPLC-MS/MS法测定桑菊感冒丸中3种成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定桑菊感冒丸中芦丁、连翘苷和桔梗皂苷D含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。色谱柱为Waters Atlantis C_(18),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为0.2 mL/min,柱温为35℃,进样量为10μL。离子源为电喷雾离子源,采用多反应监测扫描模式和正离子检测模式,干燥气和雾化气均为高纯氮气,干燥气温度为270℃,干燥气流量为25 L/min,鞘气流量为10 L/min,毛细管电压为4 500 V,喷嘴电压为2 000 V,扫描时间为0.1 s。结果:芦丁、连翘苷和桔梗皂苷D检测质量浓度线性范围分别为0.010 82~2.164μg/mL(r=0.999 7)、0.010 18~2.036μg/mL(r=0.999 4)、0.010 27~2.054μg/mL(r=0.999 7);定量限分别为1.250、0.260、2.720 ng/mL,检测限分别为0.380、0.078、0.820 ng/mL;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<3.0%;加样回收率分别为97.88%~99.88%(RSD=0.72%,n=6)、98.48%~103.13%(RSD=1.91%,n=6)、98.79%~101.41%(RSD=1.05%,n=6)。结论:该方法操作简便,精密度、稳定性、重复性好,可用于桑菊感冒丸中芦丁、连翘苷和桔梗皂苷D含量的同时测定。     

羚羊感冒胶囊的质量标准研究

目的:建立羚羊感冒胶囊的质量标准。方法:考察羚羊感冒胶囊的性状、显微特征,用薄层色谱(TLC)法对方中牛蒡子、桔梗、甘草、金银花进行定性鉴别,用高效液相色谱法对金银花中绿原酸进行含量测定。结果:显微特征明显;TLC斑点清晰、分离度好;绿原酸进样量在0.07952～0.99400μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率为100.6%,RSD=1.41%(n=6)。结论:所用方法操作简便、专属性强,所建标准可用于羚羊感冒胶囊的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定羚羊感冒片中牛蒡苷的含量

目的:建立测定羚羊感冒片中有效成分牛蒡子苷含量的方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Kromasil C18(100 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)柱,流动相为乙腈-水(25∶75),检测波长为278 nm,柱温35℃,流速:0.5 mL·min-1.结果:牛蒡子苷峰面积在0.2989 μg～3.736 μg有良好的线性关系.牛蒡子苷的平均回收率为101.59%,RSD为 0.59%.结论:本方法简便可行,重复性好,可用于羚羊感冒片中牛蒡子苷的含量测定和质量控制.     

苦牛止咳口服液质量标准的建立

摘 要 目的：建立苦牛止咳口服液的质量标准。方法: 采用TLC法对苦牛止咳口服液中的主要药味牛蒡子、前胡、桔梗、陈皮、甘草进行定性鉴别。采用HPLC测定苦牛止咳口服液中主要有效成分苦杏仁苷、牛蒡苷的含量。结果:TLC法可对牛蒡子、前胡、桔梗、陈皮、甘草进行鉴别,斑点清晰,专属性较强;HPLC测定结果显示,苦杏仁苷在25.26~151.6 μg·ml^-1,范围内线性关系良好（r=0.999 8）,牛蒡苷在22.98～137.9 μg·ml^-1,范围内线性关系良好（r=0.999 8,n=6）,平均回收率分别为99.96%（RSD=2.81%,n=9）、99.83%（RSD=2.82%,n=9）。结论:本方法重复性好、简便、快速,可作为有效控制苦牛止咳口服液质量标准的方法。     

Nachweis einiger Heilmittel in der Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit

Zusammenfassung Mittels Gaschromatographie und Dünschichtchromatographie wiesen die Autoren 11 Substanzen nach, welche durch Injektion oder nach Verabreichung per os in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit eindrangen. In ihrer Aufstellung konnten sie eine direkte Beziehung zwischen Struktur sowie chemischphysikalischen Eigenschaften der Substanz und ihrer Fähigkeit, aus dem Blut in die Kniegelenksynovialflüssigkeit einzudringen, nicht nachweisen, außer der Tatsache, daß Substanzen mit starker Affinität zu Eiweißstoffen erst in höheren Dosen nachweisbar waren.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Emerging drugs for epilepsy

Epilepsy affects ≤ 1% of the world's population. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment, although more than a third of patients are not rendered seizure free with existing medications. Uncontrolled epilepsy is associated with increased mortality and physical injuries, and a range of psychosocial morbidities, posing a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Limitations of the present AEDs include suboptimal efficacy and their association with a host of adverse reactions. Continued efforts are being made in drug development to overcome these shortcomings employing a range of strategies, including modification of the structure of existing drugs, targeting novel molecular substrates and non-mechanism-based drug screening of compounds in traditional and newer animal models. This article reviews the need for new treatments and discusses some of the emerging compounds that have entered clinical development. The ultimate goal is to develop novel agents that can prevent the occurrence of seizures and the progression of epilepsy in at risk individuals.     

盐酸达泊西汀中甲磺酸甲酯、甲磺酸乙酯及甲磺酸异丙酯的顶空毛细管GC-ECD法测定

建立了衍生化顶空毛细管气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(ECD)法测定盐酸达泊西汀中的甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)、甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)和甲磺酸异丙酯(IMS).应用碘化钠衍生技术,使用PW-5毛细管柱,载气为氮气,ECD检测,程序升温.MMS、EMS和IMS分别在0.03～0.30、0.05～0.50和0.05～0.50 μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为63.5％、100.3％和96.2％,最低检测限分别为0.30、0.50和0.50 ng/ml.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.