高效液相色谱法测定天麻及天芎注射液中天麻素的含量

建立天麻及天芎注射液中天麻素含量的测定方法。采用反相高效液相色谱法:以十八烷基键合硅胶柱(Inertsil ODS-3)为分析柱,乙腈-0.1％磷酸溶液(3:97)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml·min~(-1),检测波长为220nm;采用外标法检测。天麻素的线性范围为0.5850～2.9248μg,r=0.9999;对天麻及天芎注射液测定的平均回收率分别为99.3％、99.0％(n=6)。本法快速、方便,专属,适用于天麻药材及天芎注射液中天麻素的含量测定。     

龙眼参中多糖的含量测定

目的 :测定龙眼参中多糖的含量。方法 :以苯酚—硫酸比色法测定 ,λm ax=490 nm。结果 :五批龙眼参中的多糖含量分别为 0 .2 4%、0 .2 3 %、0 .2 4%、0 .2 5 %和 0 .2 4%。结论 :龙眼参中的多糖含量较高 ,平均为 0 .2 4± 0 .0 0 71% (n=5 )。     

反相高效液相色谱法对不同产地川芎中阿魏酸的测定

目的 :对中药川芎中阿魏酸的含量分析进行方法学研究 ,并测定川芎的不同产地、不同品种的阿魏酸的含量。方法 :采用RP HPLC技术对 5个品种 15个样品进行测定。流动相为甲醇 水 36 %乙酸 (30 :6 7:3) ,流速为 1.0ml/min。UV检测波长32 2nm。结果 :本方法测定阿魏酸在 4 .0 16～ 2 0 .0 8μg/ml范围内呈良好的线形关系 ,回归方程为A =2 .2 1199C 1936 .16 (r =0 .9999)。阿魏酸的平均回收率±RSD为 99.90 %± 5 .12 % (n =3)。不同产地、不同品种的川芎其阿魏酸的含量为 0 .6 5 30～1.32 71mg/g。 结论 :川芎由于产地不同其阿魏酸的含量相差悬殊。以四川川芎中阿魏酸的含量为最高。本测定为筛选优良品种提供了简便易行的方法     

川芎中阿魏酸的HPLC测定

目的　研究川芎中阿魏酸的HPLC测定方法。方法　用Agilent 1 1 0 0高效液相色谱系统EclipseXDB C84.6mm× 1 5cm色谱柱 ,冰醋酸 甲醇 水 (1 :40 :60 )为流动相 ,外标法测定川芎中阿魏酸含量。结果　阿魏酸检测线性范围为 0 .0 4～ 0 .38μg ,r= 0 .9992 ,方法的回收率为 99.63 % ,RSD =1 .1 6 % (n =5)。结论　该方法简便 ,快速 ,精确 ,适于生产中使用     

HPLC法同时测定参芎葡萄糖注射液中丹参素、原儿茶醛和盐酸川芎嗪的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法同时测定参芎葡萄糖注射液中丹参素、原儿茶醛和盐酸川芎嗪的含量.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,Thermo HypersiL Gold C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱;以乙腈-0.2%冰醋酸为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 mL·min-1;进样量:10 μL;检测波长:0~20 min为281 nm,20~45 min为300 nm;柱温:30 ℃.结果 丹参素、原儿茶醛和盐酸川芎嗪进样量分别在0.042 24~1.056 μg(r=0.999 9)、0.005 12~0.128 0 μg(r=0.999 9)和0.201 6~5.040 μg(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好;加样回收率(n=9)分别为97.3%、99.2%、101.4%.结论 建立的方法准确、简便,可用于参芎葡萄糖注射液的质量控制.     

电位滴定-水溶液银量法测定盐酸林可霉素注射液中氯化钠的含量

目的　建立测定盐酸林可霉素注射液中氯化钠含量的方法。方法　电位滴定 -水溶液银量法结合HPLC外标法。在水溶液中 ,以Mettler复合银电极指示 ,用 0 .1mol·L- 1 硝酸银液滴定至电位发生突跃 ;测得结果扣除注射液中林可霉素盐酸盐对硝酸银滴定液的本底消耗 ,即得注射液中氯化钠的纯含量。结果　林可霉素A、B组分总含量在 6 .0～ 1 2 0 .2mg·ml- 1 范围内 ,溶液中林可霉素总浓度与硝酸银滴定液的消耗体积有良好的线性关系 ,r=0 .9999;方法重复性好 (RSD =0 .1 % ,n =5) ;准确度高 ,回收率为 99.2 % (RSD =0 .5 % ,n =6) ,加样回收率为1 0 0 .2 % (RSD =0 .4 % ,n =6)。结论　方法准确、便捷、适用 ,可准确测定盐酸林可霉素注射液中氯化钠的含量     

紫外分光光度法测定石霜中多糖的含量

目的建立石霜中多糖的含量测定方法。方法采用硫酸-苯酚法显色,紫外分光光度法测定石霜中多糖的含量。结果标准曲线在20.846～104.230μg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.997 0,平均回收率为106.4%(RSD为2.6%,n=6)。结论建立的方法简便、可操作性强、重复性好,可有效测定石霜中多糖的含量。     

二味康中多糖的含量测定

目的 :建立二味康中多糖的含量测定方法。方法 :用苯酚 硫酸比色法测定多糖的含量 ,测定波长 488nm。结果 :本法线性范围为 6～ 6 0 μg·ml- 1,平均回收率 =97.94%,RSD =2 .33%(n =6 )。测得 5批样品中多糖含量分别为 56 .7,6 8.4,73.1 ,73.4,90 .4mg·ml- 1。结论 :该法可用于二味康中多糖的含量测定。     

3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测二味康口服液中多糖的含量

目的 :建立二味康中多糖含量测定方法。方法 :采用 3 ,5 二硝基水扬酸法 (简称DNS法 )对制剂中多糖进行含量测定。结果 :样品经DNS试剂显色后于 5 2 0nm处测定吸收度 ,在此波长处溶液的吸光度与葡萄糖含量呈良好线性关系 ,线性范围 :0 .0 0 8～ 0 .0 40g·L- 1 ,r =0 .9998,加样回收率为 10 0 .7% ,RSD为 2 .2 % (n =6) ;测得 9批样品 ,多糖含量以葡萄糖计为14 .0 3～ 2 2 .91g·L- 1 。结论 :DNS法用于测定多糖含量简单易行 ,且重复性好 ,可作为该制剂常规分析方法。     

螺旋藻多糖中氯化钠的含量测定

目的在用莫尔滴定法直接测定螺旋藻多糖中氯化钠含量时 ,有干扰。研究去除干扰的方法 ,并测定氯化钠含量。方法利用双氧水去除干扰物质 ,用AgNO3 滴定液滴定。结果适量H2 0 2消化可去除干扰物质 ,平均回收率为 98.8% ,RSD为 0 .49% (n =6)。结论此法可用于螺旋藻多糖中氯化钠含量的测定     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.     

Biochemical and molecular characterisation of cubozoan protein toxins

Class Cubozoa includes several species of box jellyfish that are harmful to humans. The venoms of box jellyfish are stored and discharged by nematocysts and contain a variety of bioactive proteins that are cytolytic, cytotoxic, inflammatory or lethal. Although cubozoan venoms generally share similar biological activities, the diverse range and severity of effects caused by different species indicate that their venoms vary in protein composition, activity and potency. To date, few individual venom proteins have been thoroughly characterised, however, accumulating evidence suggests that cubozoan jellyfish produce at least one group of homologous bioactive proteins that are labile, basic, haemolytic and similar in molecular mass (42-46 kDa). The novel box jellyfish toxins are also potentially lethal and the cause of cutaneous pain, inflammation and necrosis, similar to that observed in envenomed humans. Secondary structure analysis and remote protein homology predictions suggest that the box jellyfish toxins may act as α-pore-forming toxins. However, more research is required to elucidate their structures and investigate their mechanism(s) of action. The biological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of cubozoan venoms and their bioactive protein components are reviewed, with particular focus on cubozoan cytolysins and the newly emerging family of box jellyfish toxins.     

Dose tolerability of chronically inhaled voriconazole solution in rodents

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a fungal disease of the lung associated with high mortality rates in immunosuppressed patients despite treatment. Targeted drug delivery of aqueous voriconazole solutions has been shown in previous studies to produce high tissue and plasma drug concentrations as well as improved survival in a murine model of IPA. In the present study, rats were exposed to 20 min nebulizations of normal saline (control group) or aerosolized aqueous solutions of voriconazole at 15.625 mg (low dose group) or 31.25 mg (high dose group). Peak voriconazole concentrations in rat lung tissue and plasma after 3 days of twice daily dosing in the high dose group were 0.85 ± 0.63 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.58 ± 0.30 μg/mL, with low dose group lung and plasma concentrations of 0.38 ± 0.01 μg/g wet lung weight and 0.09 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. Trough plasma concentrations were low but demonstrated some drug accumulation over 21 days of inhaled voriconazole administered twice daily. Following multiple inhaled doses, statistically significant but clinically irrelevant abnormalities in laboratory values were observed. Histopathology also revealed an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages but without inflammation or ulceration of the airway, interstitial changes, or edema. Inhaled voriconazole was well tolerated in a rat model of drug inhalation.