EMD56431对高血压大鼠的降压作用

胃的 探讨ATP敏感钾通道(KATP)开放剂EMD56431对清醒自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和肾性高血压大鼠(RHR)血压的影响。方法 采用静脉注射和灌胃给药的方式，经颈总动脉插管，动态监测动脉收缩压(SAP)，舒张压(DAP)及心串(HR)的变化。并测定小鼠灌胃给予EMD56431时的半数致死剂量(LD50)。结果 静注或灌胃给予EMD56431，25、50、100μg/kg均可使SHR血压产生剂量依赖性的下降，同时反射性加快HR。前者降压维持时间分别为45min、6h和6h以上，后者可分别维持45min、lh和6h以上。静注和灌胃EMD56431产生的效应相当。灌胃EMD5643l亦可使RHR血压产生剂量依赖性的下降，降压维持时间分别为30min、45min和6h以上。小鼠LD50为8．54mg/kg，95％可信区限为7．87—9．93mg/kg。结论 EMD56431对SHR和RHR有显著而持久的降压作用，安全有效，且该药生物利用度较高，具有广阔的临床开发前景。     

人参Rb组皂苷对实验性心肌梗死犬心脏血流动力学及氧代谢的影响

目的：研究人参Rb组皂苷对急性心肌梗死犬心脏血流动力学及氧代谢的影响。方法：采用麻醉开胸犬结扎左冠状动脉前降支（LAD）产生急性心肌梗死模型，测定心脏血流动力学、冠状循环及氧化代谢等参数。结果：人参Rb组皂苷25，50mg/kg经十二指肠给药，对结扎LAD产生急性心肌梗死6h犬，均能明显减慢心率（HR），降低MAP、＋dp/dtmax、LVEDP、LVWI及TPR，增加SI及－dp/dtmax，亦能明显增加冠脉血流量，降低冠脉血管阻力，并明显降低心肌耗氧量、心肌氧提取率及心肌耗氧指数。结论：人参Rb组皂苷主要通过减少左室作功，降低心肌耗氧量，增加缺血心肌供血等环节发挥抗心肌缺血作用。     

尼群地平对犬血流动力学及毒性研究

静脉注射尼群地平10μg/kg与20μg/kg,对麻醉犬降压强度相近,但大剂量组则显著改善SVI,CI、SV、CO,并明显降低TPR、TTI,与小剂量组对比,差别显著。小鼠口服LD_(50)为3.5±0.05g/kg;静脉注射84.3±26.5mg/kg;腹腔注射1.34±0.32g/kg。亚急性毒性用大白鼠给药一个月,无明显毒性反应。     

莱葛冲剂对麻醉开胸犬血流动力学的作用

麻醉开胸犬经12指肠给予莱葛冲剂8．5、17g／kg，30～45min后可见SBP、DBP、MAP，HR，LVSP， dp／dtmax，和TPVR明显降低，约持续90～150min，而－dp／dtmax，LVEDP，CO，CI，SV，SI无明显改变。4．25g／kg对上述诸指标均无明显影响。提示莱葛冲剂对麻醉开胸犬具有明显降压作用，主要与其减慢心率，减弱心肌缩力及降低血管阻力有关。     

银杏内酯对犬脑血流量的影响

目的:观察银杏内酯对犬脑血流量的影响.方法:将麻醉犬随机分为5组,每组4只,溶剂对照组灌胃食用油(1 ml/kg),阳性药物对照组灌胃杏灵颗粒(0.22 g/kg),受试药物各剂量组灌胃银杏内酯(分别为4.86、14.6、43.7 mg/kg),给药后不同时间点分别记录颈内动脉血流量、血压、心电图、心率,并进行对照分析.结果:银杏内酯4.86、14.6、43.7 mg/kg灌胃,对麻醉犬血压、心率无显著影响;14.6及43.7 mg/kg灌胃90 min后使脑血流量显著增加,43.7 mg/kg灌胃150 min后可显著减少脑血管阻力.结论:银杏内酯可降低麻醉犬脑血管阻力,增加脑血流量,不影响心率及血压.     

茶多酚对麻醉大鼠血流动力学的影响

[目的]观察茶多酚(tea polyphenols,TP)对麻醉大鼠血流动力学的影响。[方法]将麻醉大鼠随机分为4组:生理盐水组、低剂量组(TP 25 mg/kg)、中剂量组(TP 50 mg/kg)、高剂量组(TP100 mg/kg),用在体心脏法测定血流动力学参数LVSP、LVEDP、±dp/dtmax、CO、BP、HR。[结果]TP 25 mg/kg低剂量组静脉给药对麻醉大鼠的BP无明显影响,但可以显著提高麻醉大鼠的LVSP,±dp/dtmax,CO;TP 50、100 mg/kg中高剂量组静脉给药可明显降低麻醉大鼠BP,HR,LVSP,±dp/dtmax,CO。[结论]TP静脉给药在一定剂量范围内有降压作用,同时随着剂量的增加,心功能由强心转为抑制作用。     

强心方对超容量负荷型心衰模型兔的治疗作用

【目的】观察强心方对超容量负荷型心衰模型兔的治疗作用。【方法】新西兰雄性兔20只,随机分为4组:模型组、强心方组(中药组,2.6 g/kg)、西药组(20μg/kg地高辛 1 mg/kg速尿片)、中西药组(2.6 g/kg强心方 20μg/kg地高辛 1 mg/kg速尿片);复制超容量负荷型心衰模型,造模后6 h各给药组分别按设计剂量灌胃给药,连续7 d;采用四道生理仪记录并计算心率(HR)、主动脉收缩压(SBP)、主动脉舒张压(DBP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张压(LVPP)、左室内压最大上升速率( dp/dtmax)、左室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax),左室内压最大变化速率(±dp/dtmax)的值,并采血检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。【结果】造模后各组体质量无显著性差异,给药1周后西药组体质量显著下降(P<0.05);造模后各组心率下降(与造模前比较,P<0.05或P<0.01),给药1周后各给药组心率与模型组比较无显著性差异;给药1周后各给药组对SBP、DBP、LVDP值无明显影响,中西药组可使LVSP值升高(P<0.01);给药后各组 dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax、±dp/dtmax值均升高(与模型组比较,P<0.05或P<0.01);模型组血清SOD水平降低,MDA水平升高(均P<0.01),各给药组均可升高SOD水平,降低MDA水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】强心方对超容量负荷型心衰模型兔具有一定的治疗作用,与强心、利尿西药合用可减轻其副作用。     

EMD_(56431)对高血压大鼠的降压作用

目的　探讨 ATP敏感钾通道 (KATP)开放剂 EMD56 431 对清醒自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)和肾性高血压大鼠(RHR)血压的影响。方法　采用静脉注射和灌胃给药的方式 ,经颈总动脉插管 ,动态监测动脉收缩压 (SAP) ,舒张压(DAP)及心率 (HR)的变化。并测定小鼠灌胃给予 EMD56 431 时的半数致死剂量 (L D50 )。结果　静注或灌胃给予 EMD56 4312 5、 5 0、 10 0 μg/ kg均可使 SHR血压产生剂量依赖性的下降 ,同时反射性加快 HR。前者降压维持时间分别为 4 5 min、6 h和 6 h以上 ,后者可分别维持 4 5 m in、 1h和 6 h以上。静注和灌胃 EMD56 431 产生的效应相当。灌胃 EMD56 431 亦可使RHR血压产生剂量依赖性的下降 ,降压维持时间分别为 30 m in、 4 5 min和 6 h以上。小鼠 L D50 为 8.5 4 mg/ kg,95 %可信区限为 7.87～ 9.93mg/ kg。结论　 EMD56 431 对 SHR和 RHR有显著而持久的降压作用 ,安全有效 ,且该药生物利用度较高 ,具有广阔的临床开发前景     

Sulmazole对麻醉开胸猫血流动力学的影响

新型强心药Sulmazole(碱或盐酸盐)1mg/kg i.v,对麻醉止常猫和心衰猫均能显著增加dp/dtmax,LVSP;而HR增加不明显。在心衰猫能显著增加CO,降低LVEDP。在麻醉猫可持久降低MAP,并呈剂量依赖关系。心衰猫则升高MAP。dp/dt max增加值分别为7％(正常猫、碱),13％(正常猫、盐)和45％(心衰猫、碱)。出现心律异常的剂量分别为10mg/kg(正常猫、碱;3/12只)、10mg/kg(正常猫、盐;2/~7只)和20mg/kg(心衰猫、碱;3/11只),并呈可逆性。增至30mg/kg(碱)时在正常猫引起严重心律失常,但无一动物死亡。中毒量与有效量之比为10～30。 Ouabain30μg/kg i.v,对麻醉猫显著增加dp/dt max(13％)、LVSP、MAP,减慢HR。d5Pg/kg i.v已出现心律异常(3/8只)。60μg/kg i.v大部份动物(6/8只)出现严重不可逆性心律失常而致死。中毒量与有效量之比低于2。     

苦豆子总碱对大鼠血流动力学的影响

目的研究苦豆子总碱对大鼠血流动力学的影响。方法将24只SD大鼠随机分为三个剂量组(1、2和4mg/kg),静脉注射方式给药,用股动脉插管、右颈总动脉心室插管和连续记录肢体Ⅱ导联心电图的方法观察其心率(HR)、收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)、平均动脉血压(AP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、左心室舒张压(LVDP)、左心室平均压(LVAP)、左心室终末舒张压(LVEDP)、左心室内压最大上升速率(+dp/dtmax)、左心室开始收缩至dp/dtmax的间隔时间(t-dp/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(-dp/dtmax)和等容舒张时间室内压下降的时间常数(T)的变化。结果静脉注射苦豆子总碱1、2和4mg/kg后,均能使大鼠心率显著减慢(P<0.01),显著降低SP、DP、AP、LVSP和T值(P<0.01);对LVDP、LVEDP和t-dp/dtmax的影响无显著影响(P>0.05)。静脉注射苦豆子总碱2和4mg/kg能抑制左室内压最大变化速率(±dp/dtmax)和降低LVAP(P<0.05)。结论苦豆子总碱有减慢大鼠心率,降低动脉血压,抑制心肌收缩和舒张功能的作用。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…