血中甲基对硫磷的测定及灌流吸附毒物的清除效率

目的为了定量研究临床血液灌流吸附后血样中甲基对硫磷的清除效率。方法采用血样中加入甲基对硫磷标准溶液,用HA230树脂吸附柱进行实验室血液灌流实验,将灌流吸附后血样经前处理后用气相色谱进行检测。结果方法的加标回收率为92.1%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为4.68%~5.97%。1.0ml血样中加入10~50μg甲基对硫磷标准品,经灌流吸附后血中毒物的清除效率为65.7%~79.2%。结论用HA230型树脂灌流器进行血液灌流治疗甲基对硫磷中毒,能清除大部分毒物,迅速降低血中甲基对硫磷浓度。     

HA230树脂和包膜活性炭灌流吸附剂清除甲基对硫磷比较

目的比较HA230树脂和包膜活性炭对血液中甲基对硫磷的灌流清除率。方法采用HA230树脂和包膜活性炭吸附柱分别对甲基对硫磷中毒血样进行灌流吸附,灌流后血样经乙酸乙酯萃取后,用毛细管气相色谱法(火焰光度检测)测定毒物残留量并计算清除率。结果每毫升血甲基对硫磷加标量为30g,吸附剂用量80mg时,HA230树脂的清除率约为97%并接近平台,包膜活性炭清除率约为80%,但用量120mg时,包膜活性炭清除率可达96%,并呈现平台。结论HA230树脂与包膜活性炭均能迅速有效地清除血中大部分甲基对硫磷,但HA230树脂的清除率高于包膜活性炭,清除效果更佳。     

不同吸附剂对血甲基对硫磷灌流清除率的实验研究

目的比较HA230树脂、包膜活性炭、三菱化学SP825树脂和AmberliteXAD16树脂做灌流吸附材料对中毒血样中甲基对硫磷的灌流清除率。方法中毒血样反复流经装有吸附剂的灌流柱,灌流后血样用乙酸乙酯萃取净化,毛细管气相色谱法（火焰光度检测器）测定甲基对硫磷残留量,计算清除率。结果血液中甲基对硫磷浓度较低时,4种吸附剂均有较高的清除率;随着毒物浓度增加,清除率下降,但三菱化学SP825树脂的清除率优于其它3种吸附剂。当每毫升血甲基对硫磷加标量为30μg,吸附剂用量80mg时,三菱化学SP825树脂、HA230树脂和AmberliteXAD16树脂清除率接近,分别为98.6%、97.0%和98.2%,呈现平台趋势;而包膜活性炭120mg用量时,清除率可达96.0%,并可出现近似呈现平台现象,表明对甲基对硫磷的清除已近完全。结论 4种吸附剂中,三菱化学SP825树脂对血中甲基对硫磷清除效果最佳,HA230树脂次之,包膜活性炭和AmberliteXAD16树脂清除效果较前两种吸附剂稍差。     

两种吸附剂血液灌流对丙溴磷的灌流清除率的影响

目的探讨包膜活性炭和HA230树脂对丙溴磷的灌流清除率,并比较其清除效果。方法分别用包膜活性炭和HA230树脂对中毒血样进行灌流吸附,将吸附后血样经乙酸乙酯萃取后,用毛细管气相色谱法检测并计算清除率。结果分析方法的检出限为0.8ng,低、中、高3种浓度的加标回收率为95.1%~101.2%,相对标准偏差为1.11%~10.97%。灌流吸附后血中丙溴磷的清除效率在包膜活性炭为78.2%~85.8%,在HA230吸附树脂为84.5%~93.8%。结论用包膜活性炭和HA230树脂吸附剂进行血液灌流,均能迅速降低血中丙溴磷浓度。     

血液灌流治疗有机磷中毒对硫线磷及硫酸阿托品吸附作用的实验研究

目的定量研究血液灌流对有机磷农药硫线磷和其解毒药阿托品的吸附作用。方法模拟临床血液灌流装置,对含硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的血样进行灌流吸附,分别用毛细管气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定硫线磷和硫酸阿托品的残留量。结果吸附剂用量为0．5g、1．0g、1．5g,包膜活性炭在灌流2．0h后硫线磷的清除率均能达到90％以上,硫酸阿托品的清除率依次为61．9％、84．9％、88．9％;HA230树脂在灌流1．5h后硫线磷清除率都达到90％以上,硫酸阿托品的清除率也依次高达88．0％、97．2％、98．4％;包膜活性炭灌流3．0h后,硫酸阿托品与硫线磷的比值最高为HP前10．1倍,而HA230树脂最高为HP前6．7倍。结论包膜活性炭和HA230吸附树脂血液灌流1．5h～2．0h均能清除血中大部分硫线磷,而且均能增加血中硫酸阿托品和硫线磷浓度的比值。     

包膜活性炭血液灌流吸附甲胺磷的实验研究

目的探讨包膜活性炭对血液中甲胺磷的清除效率,并与HA230树脂比较。方法采用包膜活性炭吸附柱对中毒血样进行灌流吸附,将吸附后血样经乙酸乙酯萃取后,用毛细管气相色谱法测定其含量并计算清除率。结果分析方法的检出限为0.05ng,低、中、高三种浓度的加标回收率为92.9%～102.3%,相对标准偏差为4.92%～9.17%。灌流吸附后血中毒物的清除率为92.6%～98.3%。结论用包膜活性炭吸附剂进行血液的灌流吸附,能清除大部分毒物,迅速降低血中甲胺磷浓度。对抢救重度甲胺磷中毒的危重病人有重要价值。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定金银花中敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷和马拉硫磷的残留量

目的：建立测定金银花中敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷和马拉硫磷残留量的毛细管气相色谱分析方法。方法：样品以微波提取的方法进行处理。以FPD为检测器,色谱柱为HP-5石英毛细管柱（25m×0.32mm,0.17μm）,载气为高纯氮气,流速20ml/min;氢气流速45ml/min;空气流速450ml/min;程序升温：初始温度为120℃,最终温度为230℃,升温速率10℃/min。进样口温度250℃,检测器温度260℃。采用无分流进样方式。结果：敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷和马拉硫磷的测定浓度在0.25￣3.00μg/ml时,浓度与峰面积呈线性关系。当信噪比为2时,敌敌畏的最低检出量为0.3ng,甲基对硫磷的最低检出量为0.15ng,马拉硫磷的最低检出量为0.2ng。敌敌畏的平均回收率为88.7%,RSD为2.1%;甲基对硫磷平均回收率为89.7%,RSD为1.7%,马拉硫磷平均回收率为90.6%,RSD为1.1%。结论：该方法操作简便、准确、可靠,可用于金银花中敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷和马拉硫磷残留量的测定。     

血液灌流对大剂量阿米替林中毒患者血药浓度和预后的影响

目的 研究血液灌流对大剂量阿米替林中毒患者血药浓度和预后的影响.方法 大剂量阿米替林中毒患者16例.入院后除常规治疗外,同时行血液灌流治疗,并采用反相高效液相色谱法于灌流前后测定血浆阿米替林浓度.结果 血液灌流后血浆阿米替林浓度与灌流前相比显著下降[由(0.74±0.23)μg/ml降至(0.17±0.09)μg/ml],中毒症状明显改善.结论 血液灌流能显著加快血中阿米替林的清除.     

敌敌畏中毒血液灌流毒物的定量清除效率

目的定量研究敌敌畏中毒血液灌流吸附毒物的清除效率。方法采用HA230树脂吸附柱对中毒血样进行灌流吸附,将灌流吸附后血样经乙酸乙酯萃取后,用气相色谱法测定其含量。结果方法的加标回收率为89．3％-96．6％,RSD为4．82％～5．99％。经HA230型树脂灌流吸附,血中敌敌畏清除效率为67．1％～84．7％。结论血液经HA230型树脂灌流吸附,能清除大部分毒物,迅速降低血中敌敌畏的浓度,对抢救重度敌敌畏中毒的危重病人有重要价值。     

固相萃取法测定金银花中11种有机磷农药的残留量

目的:寻找一次性快速检测金银花中11种有机磷农药残留量的方法.方法:选用脉冲式硫磷检测器(PFPD)和HP-1701毛细管柱,以丙酮为提取溶剂,超声波提取10 min,C18柱和硅胶柱固相萃取.采用气相色谱检测.结果:11种有机磷农药(敌敌畏,敌百虫,甲胺磷,甲拌磷,久效磷,乐果,马拉硫磷,倍硫磷,对硫磷,甲基对硫磷,乙酰甲胺磷)能够在30 min内完全分离,最低检测限为4.0～12.8μg/L.前处理方法的添加回收率在85.38%～91.35%之间,相对标准偏差2.8%～6.1%.结论:本方法适合于多种农药残留量的分析.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.