窗口技术在CT诊断中的应用研究

窗口技术也称窗技术,或窗宽、窗位的选择,就是指操作人员利用调节窗宽和窗位来提高组织结构细节的显示,分辨CT值小的2种组织,根据诊断需求调节图像的对比度和亮度,得到满足诊断的良好图像的一种显示技术[1]。窗口技术的应用在临床诊断的实践工作中占有极其重要的地位,是诊断疾病的基础前提工作。     

CT重建及合适的窗宽窗位显示肺移植术后吻合口狭窄

目的用冠状位重建及合适的窗宽窗位显示肺移植术后吻合口狭窄。方法回顾性分析110例肺移植后不同时期患者的胸部MSCT图像,抽取临床确诊和怀疑吻合口狭窄共37例患者的72次CT图像,对轴位CT图像行冠状位重建,以及调节合适的窗宽窗位显示吻合口狭窄的情况。比较轴位肺窗图像与调节窗宽窗位后的冠状位图像两者检出吻合口狭窄的情况,两种图像分别由三位有经验的主治以上医师阅片判断有否气道狭窄,结果用ROCFIT软件进行ROC(受试者操作特征曲线)分析,并用Excel 2010绘制ROC曲线图。结果冠状位合适的窗宽窗位图像的ROC曲线下面积大于肺窗轴位图像的ROC曲线下面积。轴位图像的截距(a值)为0.6916,斜率(b值)为1.0441,曲线下面积(Az)为0.6838;冠状位图像的a值为0.7856,b值为0.9952,Az为0.7112。两种图像诊断的ROC曲线及Az明显不同,两者有显著差异,配对t检验,(P0.001)。结论肺移植后患者MSCT肺部检查,冠状位重建及合适的窗宽窗位图像可以更敏感地发现吻合口狭窄,而且还能显示狭窄段支气管与邻近大血管的关系,为临床早期诊断和治疗提供依据。     

鼻咽癌进行图像引导放疗时不同配准方法对体位校正的影响

目的探讨鼻咽癌进行图像引导放疗时不同图像配准方法对体位校正的影响.方法用不同的图像配准方法,对37例鼻咽癌患者在进行图像引导放疗时所获得的47对电子射野影像(EPID)和计划系统生成的数字重建图像(DRR)进行配准分析.方法A:系统自动选择窗宽窗位后进行图像灰度配准.方法B:系统自动选择窗宽窗位后以第一颈椎体前缘中点作为配准点进行自动配准.方法C:在方法A的基础上手动调节窗宽窗位后进行图像灰度配准.方法D:在方法B的基础上手动调节窗宽窗位后,再以第一颈椎体前缘中点作为配准点进行自动配准.在四种不同配准方式下,分别得靶区在X和Y轴方向的摆位误差,再用SPSS13.0统计软件对所得结果进行配对样本t检验.结果方法A与B、B与D相比,靶区在X、Y轴上的摆位误差均有显著差异(P＜0.05);方法A与C、C与D相比,靶区在X、Y轴上的摆位误差均无差异(P＞0.05).结论鼻咽癌进行图像引导放疗时,基于图像灰度的摆位误差校正与基于第一颈椎体前缘中点摆位误差校正差异明显.     

数字X线透视摄影系统下气钡双对比灌肠造影的应用价值

<正>数字化成像属于数字荧光摄影,结合了传统影像增强与现代计算机、电视、视频数字器等先进技术。应用数字化图像,可进行图像后处理(窗宽、窗位调整,边缘增强,正负相转换),提高图像分辨率及对比度,对病变显示特别有利。对胃     

窗技术应用中的一些体会

<正> 窗技术是CT检查中用以观察不同密度的正常组织或病变的显示技术,包括窗宽和窗位。窗技术应用是否得当,直接影响CT图像的显示质量。本文就窗技术应用中的一些体会谈一点粗浅体会。 一、窗宽、窗位与CT值:选择窗宽、窗位的依据是组织或病变的密度。CT值则是CT检查中以表达组织密度的统一单位。因之,窗宽、窗位大小的选择首无要通过测定组织的CT值来进行。 在CT图像上,各个象素显示的CT值是代表相应体素整体的CT值。如一个体素内含有两种以上横行走行的结构时,则CT值不能如实地反映各组织结构的CT值。且影响CT值的因素较多,部分容积效应     

DDR立位胸片窗宽、窗位与密度值的观察

目的探讨直接数字化X线摄影系统(direct digital radiography,DDR)立位后前住胸片窗宽、窗位与密度值的变化关系,提高DDR立位后前住胸片质量。方法分析400份DDR立位后前位胸片窗宽、窗位与密度值的变化。结果 1窗位固定(1)窗宽降低,密度值升高;(2)窗宽升高,密度值降低;2窗宽固定(1)窗位降低,密度值降低;(2)窗位升高,密度值升高;3窗宽、窗位都降低,密度值升高;4窗宽、窗位都升高,密度值降低;5窗宽升高,窗位降低,密度值降低;6窗宽降低,窗位升高,密度值升高。结论认识DDR立位后前位胸片窗宽、窗位与密度值的关系,对提高其质量有很大价值。     

窗口技术在CT检查中的应用体会

CT的图像是人体对X线的吸收程度不同,即X线衰减系数不同而成对比的图像,图像受人体各部位密度及厚度、管电压、毫安秒及准直器等不同的影响。因此每一幅图像要有适当窗宽窗位,才能准确显示各部位组织,不致于造成病变的遗漏或假像,日常工作中要细细调节窗位、窗宽,才能以满足诊断需要。     

DR成像技术的临床应用

数字X摄影（digital radigraphy,DR）是近几年才发展起来的全新的数字化成像技术。平板数字探测器研制成功并应用于临床在成像技术上是一个质的飞跃,由直接数字化代替传统的模拟由数字转换,避免了影像链上诸多环节对影像产生的影响,减少了图像的噪声和失真,提高了影像的对比度和分辨率,通过调节窗宽、窗位,扩展了影像的动态范围。     

儿童DR胸部像与传统胸部像的对比评价

DR数字化X线摄影是近几年发展起来的全新数字化成像技术。它利用平板数字探测器，将X线信息直接迅速转变为可视图像，减少了图像失真度，提高了影像的对比度和分辨率。通过运用窗宽、窗位、旋转、放大、缩小、正负翻转、剪切、边缘增强、标注及测量等各种处理方法，短时间内就可以获得满足诊断需要的优质图像。     

基于医学CT图像的三维重建研究

本文探讨了DICOM文件系统的结构和解析方法、医学CT图像窗宽/窗位调节技术及其三维可视化算法,描述了系统的结构和各功能模块的实现方法.有效地实现了符合DICOM标准的医学CT图像的三维可视化.为影像诊断提供了形象直观的技术方法.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.