TBL在医学教育中的应用现状和在中国医学教育中的应用意义

TBL教学模式是美国教育学家Michaelsen在PBL教学法基础上改革创新出的一种新型成人教学模式。TBL教学模式被运用于医学教育后,很快成为世界医学教育发展中一种新兴的教学模式,并以其独特的优越性在国外医学教育中得到了广泛采用,我国部分医学院校也开始引入TBL教学模式。在回顾TBL的提出和发展及其基本教学过程的基础上,简述TBL在国际、国内医学教育中的应用现状,最后就TBL在我国医学教育中的应用意义提出看法,以期对我国医学教育中推广应用TBL教学模式有所帮助。     

TBL教学模式的实施过程及其在我国医学教育中的应用现状和前景

TBL教学模式是一种有助于促进学生团队协作精神的新型成人教学模式。文章简要介绍TBL教学模式的提出与发展过程及基本实施方案,同时简述TBL在我国医学教育中的应用现状和前景展望,旨在使医学教育工作者较全面了解TBL,以促进TBL在我国医学教育中更广泛的应用。     

TBL教学模式在《病理学》实验教学中的应用

目的 探讨TBL教学模式在病理学实验教学中的应用效果.方法 对实验组与对照组学生分别采用TBL教学模式和传统教学模式进行实验教学并进行对比.结果 实验组学生成绩明显优于对照组.结论 TBL教学模式在病理学实验教学中具有明显的应用优势.     

TBL教学模式在儿科实习中的初步运用及评价

以团队为基础的学习（Team Based Leaning,TBL）是一种新型的教学模式.现在尝试将TBL教学模式运用到儿科临床教学中,以期提高儿科临床教学质量.具体方法为将儿科实习学生分为TBL教学模式及独立零散教学模式两组在儿科临床实习.对两组教学效果进行统计学分析,发现TBL教学模式有助于提高儿科临床教学质量.     

LBL与TBL教学模式在职业卫生与职业医学教学中的比较与评价

在职业卫生与职业医学教学中引入TBL教学模式,探讨一种适合我国职业卫生与职业医学实验教学的新方法。教师采用LBL教学模式,在掌握应用知识时在实验教学中引入TBL教学模式,能够显著提高学生学习成绩,对学生的学习兴趣、学习能力、实践能力等方面有帮助,是TBL在职业卫生与职业医学教学领域发展值得探索的方向。     

TBL教学法在医学生创业教育课程中的应用

探讨TBL教学法在医学生创业教育课程中的应用及其意义。TBL教学法是一种新型的教学,它强调以团队为基本单位,以学生为主体,教师主要起引导作用。尝试将TBL教学模式运用到医学生创业教育课程中,以期提高创业教育课程教学质量。具体方法为将医学生分为TBL教学模式及传统教学模式,对两组教学效果进行统计学分析,发现TBL教学模式有助于提高医学生综合素质,提高教学质量。     

TBL教学模式在儿童口腔医学教学中的应用及效果评估

目的:对TBL教学模式在儿童口腔医学教学中的应用进行效果评估.方法:将2007级口腔系60名本科生作为研究对象,根据预先确定的分组标准分为6个团队,利用TBL程序设计教学流程:先行个人测试,再进行以团队为基础的测试,并汇报总结,分别统计TBL教学前后的成绩并进行统计分析.最后设计问卷调查学生对TBL教学模式的看法和满意度等.结果:个人测试平均分6.45分,以团队为基础的测试平均分9分(满分10分),分值较前者提高25.5％,成绩差别有统计学意义(P＜0.01).问卷调查显示96.67％的学生对此次教学表示满意,78.33％的学生希望在今后的教学中继续使用TBL教学模式.结论:TBL教学模式提高了儿童口腔医学的教学质量,有必要在今后的教学中继续使用.     

TBL教学模式在医学影像学临床实习中的应用

在医学教育中,以团队为基础的教学模式TBL(Team Based Learning)越来越受到医学教育工作者的关注,本文将TBL教学模式引入医学影像学临床实习教育中,探讨其应用价值及意义.通过实验发现TBL教学法加强学生基础理论知识和综合阅片能力的同时,有助于提高学生自学能力、文献检索能力、临床思维能力、理论结合实践能力、团队协作意识及语言表达能力.     

TBL教学法在高职高专药理学教学中的探索与实践

本文介绍了TBL教学模式的起源与发展、教学设计及实施步骤,阐述了TBL教学模式在医学教育中的优势。通过在大专药学班开展TBL教学法与传统教学法的比较,认为TBL教学模式有利于提高学生团队合作精神、人际交往能力、分析问题和解决问题的能力,提高课堂教学效率,在我国医学院校尤其是在高职高专学校中值得推广。     

TBL教学模式在医学类化学实验教学中的应用

TBL是一种以团队为基础的教学方法,与传统讲授式教学模式(以教师为主体)有较大差异。TBL教学模式有助于培养学生的团队合作意识,提高学习主动性、分析和解决问题能力。针对TBL教学模式在医学类化学实验教学中的应用进行初步探索。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…