Resection of a giant renal angiomyolipoma in a solitary kidney with preoperative arterial embolization

Renal angiomyolipoma is a type of benign tumor that occurs sporadically in addition to being associated with tuberous sclerosis. Preoperative embolization of large tumors is important to avoid excessive blood loss during surgery. We reported a patient with a 5505-g giant renal angiomyolipoma in a solitary kidney. The patient was treated with preoperative embolization and radical nephrectomy without complications. This type of treatment for an enormous angiomyolipoma can reduce the risk of uncontrolled hemorrhage caused by rupture of the tumor during the operation and should be considered for the treatment of similar tumors.

     

Solitary fibrous tumor in bladder: A case report

Solitary fibrous tumor(SFT) in bladder is extremely rare.In this study,we reported one case of bladder SFT and reviewed the only ten cases of the disease that had been reported so far.The patient suffered from residual urine sensation and urethral pain.Cystoscopy revealed a 7-cm protruding mass at the dome of the bladder,and bladder mucosa biopsy showed normal differentiation of the bladder mucosa with a small amount of inflammatory cells.Radical resection of the tumor was performed in this patient.Patholog...     

Comparison of two different renorrhaphy techniques in retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for complex tumor

Background Partial nephrectomy is currently the standard treatment for clinical T1 renal neoplasms, as it can provide oncologic outcomes equivalent to radical nephrectomy. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of self-retaining suture （SRS） in renorrhaphy technique in retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy （LPN） for a single renal mass of moderate or high complexity by assessing peri-operative outcomes. Methods A retrospective analysis was done of 64 patients between 2010 and 2012 for complex renal mass （RENAL score 〉7） in whom retroperitoneal LPN was performed with two layers using continuous knotless barbed suture （Quill PDO SRS group; n=34） and absorbable vicryl （non-SRS group; n=30）, respectively. Cases were matched for RENAL score. All the surgical procedures were performed by the same surgeon with experience of more than 500 cases of LPN. Comparisons were made in patients and preoperative outcomes and peri-operative complications between SRS group and non-SRS group. Results Mean warm ischemia time （WIT） in SRS group was less than non-SRS group （18.0 vs. 24.8 minutes, P=-0.021）. Renorrhaphy suture cost in SRS group was lower than non-SRS group （$269.6 vs. $335.8, P=0,001）. There were no significant differences between the two groups for postoperative changes in creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate and the rate of peri-operative complications. Conclusion SRS was safe for complex renal tumor with two layers, continuous and unknot suture, during LPN and would reduce the WIT and renorrhaphy suture cost significantly.     

Retroperitoneal Versus Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective To review published literatures comparing the safety and effectiveness of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RLPN) with transperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (TLPN) and provide reference for clinical work. Methods The search strategy was performed to identify relevant papers from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, China Hospital Knowledge Database, Wangfang Chinese Periodical Database, and VIP Chinese Periodical Database. All papers comparing RLPN with TLPN were included from 2000 to 2015.Two to three reviewers independently screened, evaluated, and extracted the included papers. A Meta-analysis was executed by using Review Manager 5.3 software. The interesting outcomes were tumor size, operating time, estimated blood loss, warm ischaemia time, length of hospital stay, positive margin rate, open conversion rate, overall complication rate, and recurrence rate. Results The literature search obtained 378 papers, then 10 of them were ultimately met the inclusion criteria and included in the systematic review. Finally, 6 of the 10 papers were included in the Meta-analysis. RLPN had significantly less operating time [P= 0.01, mean difference (MD)=-33.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) within (-60.35,-7.01)] and shorter length of hospital stay [P< 0.0001,MD=-1.47, 95%CI within (-2.18,-0.76)] than TLPN. Significant differences were not found between RLPN and TLPN in other outcomes. Conclusions RLPN may be equally safe and be faster than TLPN. Each center can choose a modality according to your own operating habits and experience.     

Analysis of renal cyst of high density containing proteinaceous fluid：report of 6 cases

Objective:To investigate clinical features and imageology of renal cysts of high density,containing proteinaceous fluid and increase the diagnosis and treatment level of this special type renal cyst.Methods:Six cases were proven to be renal cysts of high density(pathologically)from 2002 to 2007 were reviewed.Among 6 cases,1 was in the upper pole of kidney,4 were medial and 1 was located in the anus perineum.All were 2-5 cm in size.Ultrasonography(US)excretory unognaphy,multiphase CT and renal angiography DSA imaging was performed for preoperative diagnosis.The preoperative diagnosis found renal neoplasms in 4 and renal cysts in 2.All of them were operated by partial nephrectomy.Results:All of the 6 renal high density renal masses were resected surgically,which were proved pathologically to be renal cysts;high density present.All of them contained proteinaceous fluid with benign cyst walls on histologic examination.No recurrence was seen in any of these cases during a long follow-up.Conclusion:CT and B-US have a higher diagnostic value,which can show the internal shape and character better.B-US or CT guided puncturing biopsy can be better applied to atypical renal cysts.Once the correct diagnosis is acquired,laparoscopic surgical treatment should be carried out.     

Preliminary experience with transperitoneal laparoendoscopic single-site radical nephrectomy using a home-made single-port device in China

Background Laparoendoscopic single-site （LESS） surgery represents a technique to further reduce morbidity and scarring associated with surgery.We present our preliminary experience with transperitoneal LESS radical nephrectomy （RN） using a home-made single-port device in China.Methods From July 2010 to November 2011,eleven patients with renal tumor not greater than T2 underwent LESS-RN by an experienced laparoscopic surgeon.A home-made single-port device was used through a 5-cm umbilical incision.A combination of standard and articulating laparoscopic instruments was used.The sequence of steps of LESS-RN was similar to transperitoneal laparoscopic RN.Patient characteristics,perioperative variables and postoperative outcomes were recorded and analyzed.Results Except for two transperitoneal laparoscopic conversions and one hand-assisted laparoscopic conversion,the other procedures were completed successfully without conversion to open surgery.The mean operative time was 224.5 （155-297） minutes,estimated blood loss was 270.9 （50-900） ml,and hospital stay was 10.4 （5-15） days.The mean visual analog pain scale （VAPS） on the first postoperative day was 4.0/10.Final pathological analysis revealed renal cell carcinoma in all cases with a stage distribution of three T1a,five T1b,and three T2a tumors.With the mean followup period of 21.4 （12-28） months,all patients were alive without evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis,and were satisfied with the appearance of the scars.Conclusion Transperitoneal LESS-RN using a home-made single-port device is technically feasible and safe in a selected group of patients （low body mass index and stage tumor） and has excellent cosmetic results.Although preliminary oncologic outcome is not compromised,the long-term evaluation of these patients is awaited.     

Open partial nephrectomy in solitary kidney with multiple renal cell carcinoma: a case report

RENAL cell carcinoma (RCC) in a solitary kidney presents a unique clinical challenge to urolo- gical surgeons. Partial nephrectomy (PN) or nephron-sparing surgery in this condition provides good oncological and renal fuctional outcomes with an acceptable complication rate.1, 2 Long-term renal function remains stable in most patients with solitary kidneys after a reduction of more than 50% in renal mass.3 PN is a surgical procedure reserved for patients with a tumor in a     

Safety assess of laparoscopic colectomy for treatment of colorectal carcinoma

Objective To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic colectomy for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma. Methods From March 2004 to June 2006, laparoscopic radical resection was performed in 53 cases of colorectal carcinoma. Clinicopathological and follow-up data were collected and compared with those of 80 cases with comparable parameters, who underwent open surgery during the same period. Results There were no significant differences in patient＇s age, gender, tumor sites,     

Flaps for the repair of bladder exstrophy.

From April 1986 to March 1992, flaps were used in the surgical treatment of 17 patients with congenital bladder exstrophy. Eleven of these patients had had surgery in other hospitals but all failed. Using the flap method for the repair all of them had procured a functional bladder except one who could not have a complete control of urination. The longest follow-up period was 3 years, and the renal and bladder functions were completely normal. The immediate result in 14 patients was good in the control of urination right after the removal of the catheter. The follow-up results were good in 16 cases. The flaps used included 8 types of skin flaps, fasciae and vascular pedicles. Provided with the central vascular supply, the new series of procedures were suitable for the treatment of a variety of exstrophy deformities.

     

The diagnosis and treatment of phyllodes tumor of the breats: report of 14 cases

Objective To evaluate the potential prognostic factors, and to better define appropriate treatment strategies for patients with phyllodes tumor of the breast. Methods Fourteen patients treated primarily for phyllodes tumor of the breast were reviewed retrospectively. Results The median age was 35 years. According to the histologic criteria of WHO .there were 5 benign cases (36 %), 5 borderline cases (36 %), and 4 malignant cases (29 %). Seven patients underwent local excision, 4 cases did simple mastectomy, and 3 cases did modified radical mastectomy. Follow-up was obtained for 11 cases, with an average of 19 months. One patients died from metastasis 2 years after a modified radical mastectomy. Three patients treated by local excision presented local recurrence. Conclusion The outcome of phyllodes tumor appears to be determined by the biology of the tumor rather than by treatment modality. A wide local excision, with an adequate margin of normal breast tissue is the preferred initial therapy for phyllod     

囊性肾癌14例临床诊治分析

目的 探讨囊性肾癌的诊断与治疗水平.方法 总结2005年1月至2010年12月浙江大学第一附属医院收治的14例囊性肾癌患者的临床资料.其中男10例,女4例,年龄40 ～71岁.术前CT检查显示囊性病变伴钙化4例,有分隔8例.术前诊断为复杂性肾囊肿12例.术中行冰冻病理检查12例,10例报告为囊性肾癌,1例报告为肾囊肿,1例报告为多房性肾囊肿.结果 14例术后病理均为囊性肾透明细胞癌,14例中行根治性肾切除术6例,后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术4例,后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术2例,先行后腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶,后又行根治性肾切除术1例,先行后腹腔镜下肾上极肿块切除,后行根治性肾切除术1例.随访4个月～6年,无肿瘤复发和转移.结论 CT检查对术前诊断囊性肾癌有帮助,术中应行冰冻病理检查确诊,囊性肾癌保留肾单位手术为首选,预后良好.     

肾恶性孤立性纤维肿瘤1例并文献复习

目的 探讨肾恶性孤立性纤维肿瘤(SFT)的临床表现、影像学特点、诊断与鉴别诊断、治疗及预后.方法 回顾性分析1例罕见的肾恶性SFT患者的临床资料,结合相关文献分析该病的组织来源、病理学特征、鉴别诊断及治疗随访情况.结果 该例患者术前诊断为右肾透明细胞癌,行后腹腔镜根治性肾切除术,术后病理为右肾低度恶性SFT,免疫组织化学提示CD34、BCL-2、CD68、CD99、vimentin阳性表达,Ki-67 5％阳性表达及SMA局灶弱阳性.随访4个月,未见肿瘤复发或转移.结论 肾恶性SFT非常罕见,诊断与鉴别诊断依据术后病理学及免疫组织化学,主要治疗方式为根治性肾切除术,预后较好.     

肾嗜酸细胞瘤诊治的回顾性研究

目的:总结肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊断及手术治疗经验,根据随访结果评价手术效果,研究最佳策略。方法:回顾性分析2003年12月至2016年4月的21例肾嗜酸细胞瘤患者,其中男4例、女17例,右侧10例、左侧11例,年龄15~80岁(平均58岁),肿物大小1.5~6.5 cm(平均3.3 cm),完善检查后根据肿物的大小及位置,分别采用腹腔镜肾部分切除术或腹腔镜根治性肾切除术。结果:所有患者手术顺利,17例行腹腔镜肾部分切除术(其中3例中转开放手术),4例行腹腔镜根治性肾切除术。手术时间75~275 min(平均144 min),出血量10~1 000 mL(平均115 mL),术后住院时间6~13 d(平均8.2 d),组织病理检查结果为肾嗜酸细胞瘤。术后有17例获得随访,4例失访,随访时间12~175个月,平均44个月,有1例术后20个月去世,原因不详,其余16例随访无复发。结论:肾嗜酸细胞瘤为良性肿瘤,预后较好,增强CT是较为有效的诊断方法,通过影像归档和通信系统(picture archiving and communication systems,PACS)对肿瘤不同时期CT值的测量及与肿瘤旁肾组织CT值的比较,可能提高CT的诊断效能。腹腔镜手术是治疗肾嗜酸细胞瘤的有效方式,如条件允许,尽量选择肾部分切除术。     

腹腔镜肾部分切除术手术方法的探讨

目的 探讨腹腔镜下肾部分切除手术的技术特点及与传统开放肾部分切除术的优劣。方法回顾性总结过去5年内完成的26例腹腔镜下肾部分切除术病例,其中包括11例腹腔镜及15例开放手术。将两组病例进行对比,分析两种术式在手术时间,出血量,热缺血时间,术后恢复进食时间,术后住院时间等方面的差异。结果 11例腹腔镜肾部分切除手术均顺利完成,无中转开放病例。开放组与腹腔镜组对比,平均手术时间为（92±36）min比（138±97）min,术中平均出血量为（150±68）ml比（176±88）ml,热缺血时间为（25±18）min比（12±5）min,术后恢复进流食时间为（31±7）h比（16±6）h,术后住院时间为（12．0±4．5）d比（7．0±2．4）d。结论 腹腔镜下肾部分切除手术时应阻断肾门血管,以剪刀锐性切除肿瘤,切实全层缝合切缘,以达到理想手术效果。此术式是一种安全、可行的手术方法。     

不同亚型的囊性肾癌诊疗与预后分析

?目的:探讨不同亚型的囊性肾癌的诊疗及预后情况。方法:回顾性分析75例囊性肾癌患者的临床资料。患者术前影像学检查:56例考虑恶性病变,13例考虑单纯性肾囊肿,6例考虑为多房性肾囊肿。47例行根治性肾切除术,其中开放手术20例,腹腔镜手术27例;保留肾单位手术14例,其中开放手术9例,腹腔镜手术5例;后腹腔镜下肾囊肿去顶减压术13例 ,其中2例术中冰冻病理检查提示恶性,同期行根治性肾切除术,9例术后2～3周二期行根治性肾切除术,2例密切随访;1例行保留肾单位手术,术中冰冻病理检查提示恶性病变,同期行根治性肾切除术。结果:75例术后病理报告均为囊性肾癌,其中肾细胞癌囊性变38例,多房囊性肾癌16例,单房囊性肾癌（囊腺癌）8例,肾囊肿恶变13例。随访25～147个月,平均63个月,未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论:囊性肾癌的诊疗及预后需根据不同的亚型分析,保留肾单位手术可作为囊性肾癌的一种可选择的治疗方式。     

肾嫌色细胞癌23例临床分析

目的 提高肾嫌色细胞癌的诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析23例肾嫌色细胞癌临床及病理资料,结合文献复习进行讨论.结果 21例行根治性肾切除术,2例行肾部分切除术.17例获得随访,随访9～74个月,所有患者均健康存活.结论 肾嫌色细胞癌是一种低度恶性的肾细胞癌,B超、CT检查缺乏特异性,确诊有赖于典型的病理表现.其TNM分期均为早期,治疗以手术为主,预后良好.     

后腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗T1b期肾癌

目的:探讨后腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗T1b期肾癌的临床经验及疗效。 方法:回顾性分析2007年11月至2011年6月15例T1b期肾癌患者的临床资料,其中男10例,女5例,平均年龄(56.2±9.8)岁,其中左侧8例,右侧7例。肿瘤平均直径（5.5±1.4）cm,15例患者R.E.N.A.L.评分均为中度复杂性（7-9分）,其中肿瘤靠近肾门血管2例;15例患者均行后腹腔镜肾部分切除术。结果:所有手术均顺利完成,无中转开放,围手术期无严重并发症。平均手术时间(100±23.6 )min,术中平均热缺血时间（21.3±8.6）min,术中平均出血量(35.3±11.6)ml,术后尿漏1例,肌酐短暂升高1例;术后平均住院时间(5.7±1.8)d,术后平均随访(21.2±10.1) m,所有患者肾功能正常且未见肿瘤复发及转移。结论:后腹腔镜肾部分切除术治疗T1b期肾癌安全、有效,具有创伤小、恢复快的优点,但其远期疗效尚需大样本对照研究和长期随访观察。     

后腹腔镜下分支肾动脉阻滞肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤的临床分析

目的探讨后腹腔镜下分支肾动脉阻滞肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤的手术方式和临床效果。方法对肾肿瘤患者行后腹腔镜下肾部分切除13例临床资料进行分析。结果 13例手术均顺利完成,无中转开放及腹腔脏器损伤病例。平均手术时间(85.0±25.0)min,平均热缺血时间(24.0±13.0)min,术中平均出血(150.0±100.0)ml,无术中输血患者。术后病理确诊肾透明细胞癌10例、乳头状肾细胞癌2例、嫌色细胞癌1例,肿瘤切缘均阴性。术后未出现尿漏,未发生肉眼血尿。随访1～7个月,未见肿瘤局部复发。结论后腹腔镜下分支肾动脉阻滞肾部分切除术治疗肾肿瘤安全有效,手术创伤小,有可能替代后腹腔镜下肾动脉主干阻滞肾部分切除术。     

孤立性肾脏浆细胞瘤一例报告并文献复习

目的 总结孤立性肾脏浆细胞瘤的临床表现、病理特点和诊治方法.方法 总结1例行右肾根治性切除术的孤立性肾脏浆细胞瘤患者临床资料,并进行文献复习.结果 病理检查:肿瘤大小3.6 cm×3.9 cm.病变符合浆细胞瘤伴坏死,累及肾被膜,未侵及肾盂,输尿管及血管断端未见病变.镜下可见肿瘤细胞形态与浆细胞相似,胞质丰富,胞核多为...     

多原发肿瘤含肾神经鞘瘤1例报道并文献复习

多原发肿瘤并不常见,其中包含肾神经鞘瘤者更为罕见。本研究报道1例合并肾神经鞘瘤的多原发肿瘤的诊治。患者为女性,曾患左卵巢皮样囊肿、右后纵隔神经鞘瘤、左前臂神经鞘瘤、甲状腺乳头状癌,并行手术治疗。1个月前体检发现左肾肿物伴左肾上腺肿物,于北京大学第三医院行后腹腔镜左肾上腺结节切除术、左肾部分切除术。手术顺利完成,无中转开放,术中动脉阻断时间18 min,出血20 mL。病理检查示左侧肾富于细胞型神经鞘瘤伴局灶囊性变,肿瘤直径约3 cm。免疫组织化学S-100（+）,Ki-67（15%+）。短期随访无复发。本研究患者神经鞘瘤为异时性,分别予手术切除,其肾神经鞘瘤为良性,行腹腔镜肾部分切除术不但创伤小、恢复快,更重要的是可以最大限度的保留肾组织,避免术前病理的不确定性而行根治性肾切除术。