芬太尼复合小剂量左旋布比卡因在腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产的临床应用

目的 探讨小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼或舒芬太尼在腰硬联合麻醉下剖宫产手术的临床效果.方法 腰硬联合麻醉下行剖宫产手术 60例,ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄20～35岁,按照随机对照表分为两组:芬太尼组(F组)用0.75%左旋布比卡因1ml加芬太尼25μg(0.5ml )加10%葡萄糖1ml (总量2.5ml ),舒芬太尼组(S组)用0.75%左旋布比卡因1ml加舒芬太尼2.5μg(0.5ml )、10%葡萄糖1ml(总量2.5ml),注入蛛网膜下腔.观察两组的血流动力学变化(血压、心率、血氧饱和度),给药后产妇的感觉阻滞时间的比较,术后有效镇痛时间,术后改良Bromage 运动阻滞评分,不良反应及新生儿出生后Apgar评分.结果 两组的血流动力学稳定, 血压下降不明显,两组各有1例需用麻黄碱升压处理,两组心率下降均不明显,S组有1例心率低于55次/min需用阿托品纠正.两组的感觉阻滞时间差异无统计学意义.术中镇痛完全,且肌松良好,均未追加镇痛药物.术后S组有效镇痛持续时间较F组长,差异有统计学意义.术后改良Bromage 运动阻滞评分:两组集中在2～3分,此外各有2例为4分.新生儿出生后Apgar评分两组差异无统计学意义.两组不良反应发生率亦无显著性差异,均无呼吸抑制发生.结论 小剂量左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼或舒芬太尼在腰硬联合麻醉剖宫产手术中,对血流动力学影响小,镇痛完全,术后患者能及早运动,不良反应小,舒芬太尼复合组术后有效镇痛时间较长.     

改良腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产手术的临床研究

目的探讨改良的腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产手术的可行性和优越性。方法择期剖宫产手术60例,随机分为单次常用量腰麻组(腰麻组)和改良的腰硬联合麻醉组(复合组)。后者蛛网膜下腔注入0.5%重比重布比卡因1ml+芬太尼20μg,5min后硬膜外腔注入0.25%布比卡因10ml。观察两组的血压、心率的变化;术中有无疼痛、恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等不良反应;手术结束后行改良Bromage运动阻滞评分;术后运动完全恢复的时间以及术后有效镇痛时间。结果复合组低血压、恶心呕吐的发生率低(P<0.05);下肢运动神经阻滞作用比腰麻组弱,术后运动恢复时间快(P<0.01);术后有效镇痛时间两组无差异。结论改良的腰硬联合麻醉血流动力学影响小,低血压、恶心呕吐发生率低,术后运动恢复快,是一种较合理的麻醉方法。     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉在剖宫产手术中的效用

目的 观察不同剂量等比重左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉（CESA）用于剖宫产手术的效用.方法 择期行单胎剖宫产手术患者60例,予CESA,腰麻液用脑脊液稀释的等比重左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼20μg混合液3ml,根据腰麻液左旋布比卡因不同剂量将患者随机分为A（7.5mg）、B（10mg）、C（12.5mg） 3组,每组20例.记录最高感觉阻滞平面和达最大运动阻滞时的改良Bromage评分,达到最高感觉阻滞平面时间和感觉阻滞持续时间、运动阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞恢复时间,观察术中疼痛程度和牵拉反应发生情况及需追加硬膜外药液情况.记录患者麻醉前后心率、血压变化及术中心动过缓、低血压的发生及麻黄碱和阿托品使用情况,记录瘙痒、恶心、呕吐、术后头痛等不良反应的发生情况及新生儿娩出后1、5min时的Apgar评分.结果 B组最高感觉阻滞平面和C组最高感觉阻滞平面、达最高感觉阻滞平面时间、感觉阻滞恢复时间、达最大运动阻滞时间及运动阻滞完全恢复时间与A组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,C组的最高感觉阻滞平面与B组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.A、B、C组麻醉后5、10min的MAP值与麻醉前即刻比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.C组围术期心动过缓、低血压的发生及麻黄碱、阿托品的使用情况与A组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.C组发生恶心、呕吐的产妇与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 复合芬太尼20μg时7.5mg的左旋布比卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产手术即能提供理想的麻醉效果,增加血流动力学的稳定性,建议复合芬太尼时适当减少左旋布比卡因的使用量.     

两种不同配方布比卡因在腰麻中的应用

目的探讨两种不同配方布比卡因在腰麻中的临床效应。方法32例行择期手术患者,随机分为两组,0.5%布比卡因1.5ml组(SB组,n=16)和0.5%布比卡因1ml加0.005%芬太尼0.5ml组(BF组,n=16)。观察两组用药后的mAP和HR变化,运动阻滞程度。结果SB组mAP比BF组下降更加显著,两组分别有5例和1例需麻黄硷处理(P<0.05);SB组Bromage评分集中在3～4分,而BF组大部分病例为2～3分。结论布比卡因复合芬太尼腰麻对患者血流动力学影响小,运动阻滞轻,术后能及早运动,不良反应少。     

罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼用于剖宫产术后镇痛半数有效浓度的研究

目的探讨罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼用于剖宫产术后镇痛半数有效浓度。方法选择要求剖宫产术后镇痛的初产妇80例,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ,随机分为罗哌卡因(R)组和左旋布比卡因(L)组。每组第1例产妇分别使用0.125%罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼(2μg/mL)100mL混合液镇痛,应用序贯法以0.025%的浓度梯度升降调整局麻药浓度,记录硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA)开启时(0h)、开启后4、24、48h的血压(BP)、脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)、心率(HR)、VAS评分、下肢运动阻滞程度、不良反应发生率及总体满意度,计算罗哌卡因、左旋布比卡因术后镇痛的半数有效浓度(EC50)及其95%可信区间。结果两组产妇镇痛效果、感觉阻滞平面、Bromage评分、不良反应发生率及总体满意度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);4hR组的EC50及95%CI为0.151%(0.109%～0.183%),L组的EC50及95%CI为0.126%(0.098%～0.154%),相对效价比R∶L为0.83。结论 R、L与芬太尼混合用于剖宫产术后硬膜外镇痛的EC50及95%CI分别为0.151%(0.109%～0.183%)、0.126%(0.098%～0.154%),R的效能小于左旋布比卡因。     

左旋布比卡因复合小剂量芬太尼或舒芬太尼在剖宫产中的应用效果对比

目的 探讨在剖宫产中应用左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼或芬太尼的麻醉效果.方法 选取88例择期行剖宫产术的足月产妇,随机分为芬太尼组(7.5 mg左旋布比卡因+20μg芬太尼注射液)和舒芬太尼组(7.5 mg左旋布比卡因+5μg舒芬太尼),观察两组麻醉效果.结果 芬太尼组感觉阻滞恢复时间明显长于舒芬太尼组(P<0.05),分别为(317±43)min、(289±41)min,而舒芬太尼组有效镇痛时间显著高于芬太尼组(P<0.05),分别为(270.8±47.5)min、(194.5±40.2)min;两组各时间点血压水平与基础值比较差异无统计学意义;两组围手术期并发症发生率均较低,组间比较差异无统计学意义.结论 剖宫产术采用7.5 mg左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼或芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉,血流动力学稳定,均能获得良好的感觉、运动阻滞效果,配伍舒芬太尼的镇痛效果更好,配伍芬太尼感觉阻滞恢复更慢,利于产妇早期活动.     

左旋布比卡因与布比卡因用于老年患者股骨头置换术后镇痛的比较

目的 比较硬膜外腔芬太尼复合0.15%左旋布比卡因或0.15%布比卡因用于老年患者股骨头置换术后镇痛的效果及对呼吸循环的影响.方法 70例ASA Ⅱ-Ⅲ级,年龄70-88岁,择期在腰硬联合麻醉下行股骨头置换术患者,随机分为0.15%左旋布比卡因组和0.15%布比卡因组.于手术结束后经硬膜外导管2 ml/h分别持续注入0.15%左旋布比卡因或0.15%布比卡因,均复合3 μg/ml芬太尼和托烷司琼0.06 mg/ml,测定术后4,8,12,24,48 h视觉模拟评分(VAS),镇静评分(Ramsay),记录平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)及不良反应.结果 两组患者的镇痛效果相当,MAP、HR、SpO2等生理指标差异无统计学意义,均无呼吸抑制发生,恶心呕吐、尿潴留等副反应的发生率在两组相似.结论 硬膜外腔芬太尼复合0.15%左旋布比卡因或0.15%布比卡因用于老年患者股骨头置换术后镇痛效果及对呼吸循环的影响相似.     

左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼和舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产手术的观察研究

目的观察重比重左旋布比卡因复合芬太尼和舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉(以下简称腰麻)联合硬膜外麻醉(CE-SA)用于剖宫产手术的效用。方法择期单胎足月剖宫产手术患者90例,随机分为3组,每组30例。重比重腰麻液配置A组:左旋布比卡因10mg;B组:左旋布比卡因7.5mg+芬太尼20μg;C组:左旋布比卡因7.5mg+舒芬太尼5μg。观察3组患者的腰麻阻滞效果、血流动力学变化、牵拉反应程度及新生儿娩出后1、5min时的Apgar评分,观察瘙痒、恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生。结果 B组术中心动过缓和低血压人数少于A组(P<0.05),C组低血压人数少于A组(P<0.05)。运动神经阻滞恢复时间B、C两组快于A组;感觉阻滞恢复时间B、C两组慢于A组(P<0.05),且B组慢于C组(P<0.01);最高感觉阻滞平面、到达最高阻滞平面时间、运动阻滞起效时间、达最大运动阻滞时间、改良B rom age评分3组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。3组间牵拉反应程度、瘙痒、恶心呕吐的发生、新生儿的Apgar评分均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 7.5mg重比重左旋布比卡因伍用芬太尼20μg或舒芬太尼5μg腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉用于剖宫产手术,均能获得良好的感觉和运动阻滞效果,血流动力学更平稳;与10mg重比重左旋布比卡因相比运动阻滞恢复快,感觉阻滞恢复慢,伍用芬太尼20μg时尤为明显,利于产妇早期活动,值得临床推广应用。     

左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉用于剖宫产术的观察

目的观察左旋布比卡因复合舒芬太尼腰硬联合麻醉(CSEA)用于剖宫产手术的效用.方法选择单胎足月剖宫产手术患者60例,随机分为三组各20例.腰麻液配置A组:左旋布比卡因10mg;B组:左旋布比卡因10mg+舒芬太尼5μg;C组:左旋布比卡因10mg+舒芬太尼10μg.观察3组患者腰麻阻滞效果、血流动力学变化、牵拉反应程度及新生儿娩出后1min、5min的新生儿Apgar评分,观察皮肤瘙痒、恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生情况.结果三组术中心动过缓、低血压人数、运动神经阻滞恢复时间、最高感觉阻滞平面、到达最高阻滞平面时间、运动阻滞起效时间、达最大运动阻滞时间及改良Bromage评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);感觉阻滞恢复时间B、C两组慢于A组(P<0.05), B、C两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组间牵拉反应程度、新生儿Apgar评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05); C组患者皮肤瘙痒、恶心呕吐等不良反应严重,与A、B组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论10mg左旋布比卡因+5μg舒芬太尼腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉用于剖宫产手术,能够获得良好的感觉和运动阻滞效果,血流动力学平稳,不良反应少,运动神经阻滞恢复时间无明显变化而感觉神经阻滞时间明显延长,利于产妇早期活动,值得临床推广应用.     

小剂量左旋布比卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于急诊剖宫产手术56例临床分析

目的探讨小剂量左旋布比卡因腰硬联合麻醉在急诊剖宫产手术中的临床效果。方法剖宫产手术112例,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,年龄20—37岁,按照随机对照表随机分为两组,每组56例。A组（试验组）为小剂量腰硬联合麻醉组,B组为硬膜外麻醉组,观察两组的血流动力学变化（平均动脉压、心率、血氧饱和度）、VAS疼痛评分、肌松效果、新生儿出生后1min、5min Apgar评分、两组最高阻滞平面及并发症等。结果阻滞前后及两组间血流动力学差异均无统计学意义,术中A组低血压发生率为10．7％,麻黄素使用率为5．3％,与B组比较差异有统计学意义。两组最高阻滞平面、不良反应及术后新生儿Apgar评分差异无统计学意义,但A组镇痛效果完全,有效镇痛持续时间长,肌松效果好,显效快,最高阻滞平面到达时间短,与B组比较有显著差异。结论小剂量左旋布比卡因腰硬联合麻醉用于急诊剖宫产手术,对血流动力学影响较小,术后患者能及早运动,镇痛完全,有效镇痛持续时间长,肌松效果好,起效快,是一种较为合理的麻醉选择。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.