Betatrophin与糖尿病的研究进展

Betatrophin是新近发现的分泌蛋白,其在小鼠肝脏、棕色脂肪以及白色脂肪等组织表达,而在人的肝脏组织中高效表达。目前,Betatrophin被认为是可以治疗甚至治愈糖尿病的潜在靶点。最近,相关研究表明,Betatrophin在小鼠的体内可促进胰岛β细胞增殖、提高糖耐量的作用。但是betatrophin在人类糖尿病的发生、发展过程中所起作用的大小目前尚不明确。因此,虽然Betatrophin被认为是目前潜在的具有临床上治愈糖尿病的可能,但是是否能在人类中实现医学界目前尚存在争议。     

Betatrophin与2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗及脂代谢的关系

Betatrophin是一种新发现的分泌性蛋白,是血管紧张素样蛋白家族中的新成员。在小鼠体内主要存在于肝脏及脂肪组织中,在人体内主要存在于肝脏中。在胰岛素抵抗小鼠中Betatrophin有促进胰岛β细胞增殖、调节脂代谢以及改善糖耐量的作用。近几年对Betatrophin在人类2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者中的作用及其机制的研究取得了重大进展。Betatrophin在人类T2DM中水平相应增加,并与胰岛素抵抗、血糖水平及脂代谢密切相关,成为治疗糖尿病及改善糖尿病患者血脂紊乱药物新的作用靶点。     

中药联合胰岛素泵对2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的研究探讨中药联合胰岛素泵对2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗的影响.方法将我院54例患者随机分为两组,27例患者单纯应用胰岛素泵治疗(对照组);27例患者应用中药联合胰岛素泵治疗(研究组).统计分析两组患者的胰岛β细胞功能和胰岛素抵抗水平.结果经治疗,两组患者的胰岛β细胞功能均明显改善(P<0.05).且治疗后研究组的胰岛β细胞功能明显优于对照组(P<0.05).经治疗,两组患者的胰岛素抵抗水平均明显降低(P<0.05).且治疗后研究组的胰岛素抵抗水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论中药联合胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病的临床疗效较好,能够显著提高胰岛β细胞功能,显著降低胰岛素抵抗,值得临床推广.     

胰岛β细胞保护策略研究进展

胰岛β细胞是机体内唯一可以合成并分泌胰岛素的细胞,多种病理因素均可引起胰岛β细胞的损伤,保护胰岛β细胞治疗糖尿病的研究受到人们的日益重视。本文从增强胰岛β细胞功能,减少胰岛β细胞凋亡,增加胰岛β细胞体量和诱导细胞分化方面进行阐述,为糖尿病的治疗提供新的靶点及治疗策略。     

对胰岛β细胞来源的最新研究

目的:传统观念认为,出生时人体就已拥有了终生的胰岛β细胞,β细胞是不能通过自我复制再生的,因而人们一直将胰腺内分泌细胞来源的研究焦点集中于寻找胰岛干细胞上.现有证据表明,β细胞群是动态变化的,终末分化的β细胞能够自我复制再生.了解β细胞的增殖再生机理,对糖尿病的防治有重大的指导意义.     

胰岛素泵治疗对初诊2型糖尿病的临床观察

目的 探讨胰岛素泵治疗对初诊2型糖尿病患者血糖控制及改善胰岛β细胞功能的影响.方法 对45例初诊2型糖尿病患者进行两周胰岛素泵治疗,观察治疗前后血糖及胰岛β细胞功能,随访3个月并统计分析.结果 治疗后,血糖和胰岛素抵抗指数较治疗前明显下降,胰岛β细胞功能明显改善.结论 对初诊2型糖尿病患者,胰岛素泵治疗具有快速稳定降糖和显著改善胰岛β细胞功能的作用.     

脐血干细胞移植治疗1型糖尿病的研究进展

1型糖尿病是由于胰岛β细胞破坏所致的胰岛素绝对缺乏。脐血干细胞具备的增殖和分化能力使其成为胰岛素分泌细胞的潜在来源。脐血干细胞可定向诱导分化为胰岛β细胞,进而发挥治疗糖尿病作用。脐血干细胞治疗糖尿病研究已取得了一定进展,部分实验已纠正糖尿病动物的高血糖状态。     

糖基化终末产物对胰岛β细胞的损伤及作用机制研究进展

胰岛β细胞的功能障碍和凋亡是糖尿病病程中持续高糖的主要原因。糖基化终末产物（ AGEs）作为糖毒性的重要作用机制与胰岛β细胞的损伤关系密切。今年来研究指出AGEs通过氧化应激反应可引起胰岛β细胞胰岛素合成功能障碍,胰岛素释放功能障碍,并促使胰岛β细胞凋亡;除此之外, AGEs还可抑制胰岛β细胞发生自噬作用从而促胰岛β细胞凋亡。因此,明确AGEs对胰岛β细胞损伤机制对于糖尿病发病机制的研究起着重要作用,并将对糖尿病的治疗提供新的方向。     

肠促胰岛素在1型糖尿病中的作用和应用前景

1型糖尿病是由于胰岛β细胞选择性破坏,而引起机体内胰岛素分泌绝对缺乏的一种自身免疫性疾病。肠促胰岛素在2型糖尿病的临床治疗中已经得到证实,但在1型糖尿病的临床应用仍有待评估,胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)通过促进胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素、抑制胰腺α细胞的胰高血糖素分泌、间接延缓胃排空和降低患者食欲来降低血糖水平,并且LP-1对胰岛β细胞有一定的保护作用。运用肠促胰岛素治疗非肥胖性糖尿病小鼠的研究中证实肠促胰岛素有免疫调节、抗炎性反应及促进胰岛β细胞再生能力,因此极有可能运用肠促胰岛素延缓1型糖尿病发病、阻止病情进展恶化、部分恢复胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素能力。     

胰岛β细胞凋亡在2型糖尿病中的作用研究进展

胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能受损是2型糖尿病(T2DM)两个最重要的发病因素。二者在T2DM的发生发展中谁起主导作用仍然存在争议,但由β细胞凋亡导致的胰岛功能受损在发病过程中所起的作用已受到越来越多的重视[1]。现就胰岛β细胞凋亡在T2DM发病机制中的作用与机制作一综述。1胰岛β细胞凋亡在2型糖尿病发病机制中的地位与作用1.1胰岛β细胞功能受损英国前瞻性糖尿病研究(UKPDS)发现T2DM患者无论是否接受强化治疗,随着病程的延长,血糖控制都趋于恶化。在十余年的研究中,强化治疗组的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)显著低于传统治疗组,但各组中H…     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.