注射用头孢尼西钠在3种输液中的配伍稳定性研究

目的：考察注射用头孢尼西钠与葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液和0.9%氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性。方法：考察配伍后溶液的外观性状,采用HPLC法对配伍后溶液的含量变化进行分析。结果：注射用头孢尼西钠与葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液和0.9%氯化钠注射液在6h内配伍稳定,在外观性状和含量上无显著变化;与0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍的稳定性优于其他两种注射液。结论：注射用头孢尼西钠与葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液和0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍稳定,为临床使用提供有效的依据。     

注射用头孢米诺钠在不同输液中的配伍稳定性研究

目的：研究注射用头孢米诺钠在不同输液中的配伍稳定性。方法：利用高效液相色谱法测定注射用头孢米诺钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液中不同温度（4、25、37℃）、不同时间（0、1、2、4、8 h）的含量及溶液澄清度与颜色、pH值变化。结果：不同条件下注射用头孢米诺钠与常用输液配伍后溶液澄清度与颜色、pH值、含量基本不变,注射用头孢米诺钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液中8 h内稳定。结论：注射用头孢米诺钠可以与0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液配伍应用。     

注射用埃索美拉唑钠在不同溶媒及与不同药物配伍的稳定性观察

目的:观察注射用埃索美拉唑钠在不同溶媒及与不同药物配伍的稳定性。方法:分别将埃索美拉唑钠注射液溶于0.9%氯化钠注射液与5%葡萄糖注射液两种溶媒,制作10份样本对其进行重复实验,以明确注射用埃索美拉唑钠在两种溶媒中的稳定性;然后利用上述实验中所取得的稳定性较高的溶媒配制出埃索美拉唑钠溶液,并分别与痰热清注射液及维生素C注射液配伍,观察埃索美拉唑钠溶液与其注射液配伍的稳定性。结果:注射用埃索美拉唑钠溶于0.9%氯化钠注射液中后4、6 h的浓度明显高于5%葡萄糖注射液,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);注射用埃索美拉唑钠溶于0.9%氯化钠注射液中后0.5、1、2、4、6 h的pH值明显高于5%葡萄糖注射液,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);注射用埃索美拉唑钠与痰热清注射液配伍4 h后,溶液颜色/澄明度发生明显变化,而与维生素C注射液配伍6 h后仍未发生变化。结论:注射用埃索美拉唑钠与0.9%氯化钠溶液混合后具有较好的稳定性;注射用埃索美拉唑钠与维生素C注射液配伍后安全性较高、与痰热清注射液配伍后稳定性稍差,在实际应用过程中应现配现用。     

头孢地嗪钠与3种注射液配伍稳定性的观察

目的 考察注射用头孢地嗪钠与5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液配伍的稳定性.方法 观察配伍液外观及其pH值变化,采用高效液相色谱法测定配伍液中头孢地嗪钠的含量.结果 室温6 h内,注射用头孢地嗪钠与5%葡萄糖生理盐水、0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液配伍液外观、pH值、含量基本不变.结论 室温6 h内,注射用头孢地嗪钠在3种输液中是稳定的.     

注射用曲札茋苷与常用输液配伍稳定性研究

目的观察注射用曲札茋苷与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、10%葡萄糖注射液在4种条件下配伍的稳定性。方法将注射用曲札茋苷分别与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、10%葡萄糖注射液配伍后,放置于室温、低温2~8℃避光、室温避光、室温强光照(4500lx±500lx)条件下。采用高效液相色谱法测定含量、降解产物,同时测定p H值、外观。结果注射用曲札茋苷与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、10%葡萄糖注射液配伍后在低温2~8℃避光、室温避光条件下0~8h内其外观、p H值及含量、降解产物均无显著性改变。结论研究提示注射用曲札茋苷与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、10%葡萄糖注射液配伍后在低温2~8℃避光、室温避光条件下较为稳定,实验结果可供临床配伍使用参考。     

注射用头孢哌酮钠-舒巴坦钠与四种输液的配伍稳定性

[目的]考察注射用头孢哌酮钠-舒巴坦钠在0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、乳酸钠林格注射液四种输液中的配伍稳定性。[方法]将注射用头孢哌酮钠-舒巴坦钠分别与上述4种输液进行配伍,在0-6 h内测定pH值、微粒变化、细菌内毒素含量及含量变化。[结果]分别与上述四种输液配伍后,每毫升中粒径分别≥10μm和≥25μm以上的微粒数均符合中国药典（2005年版）规定,小粒径的微粒数有明显增加;细菌内毒素含量：0 h及6 h均〈3.0 EU.mL^-1,且随放置时间的增长有明显增加;注射用头孢哌酮钠-舒巴坦钠与5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液配伍后含量下降约10%,而与其他3种输液配伍后含量下降不超过5%。[结论]注射用头孢哌酮钠-舒巴坦钠可与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、乳酸钠林格注射液配伍使用,但不能与5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液配伍使用;低浓度（5 mg.mL^-1 L）在0-6 h内含量没有明显变化,稳定性较好。     

头孢曲松钠与常用输液配伍的稳定性

目的供头孢曲松钠临床配伍使用参考。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定了头孢曲松钠的含量及其与灭菌注射用水、10%葡萄糖注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液的稳定性。结果与结论头孢曲松钠与灭菌注射用水、0.9%氯化钠注射液,在室温下(25～30℃)配伍稳定,24h内含量变化不大。头孢曲松钠与10%葡萄糖注射液配伍后6h含量低于原含量90%,因此,不宜与10%葡萄糖注射液配伍使用。     

注射用替考拉宁在两种输液中的配伍稳定性

目的研究注射用替考拉宁与两种常用输液配伍的稳定性。方法采用紫外分光光度法对注射用替考拉宁与两种输液（即0.9%氯化钠注射液和10%葡萄糖注射液）按临床应用配伍,于室温（20℃）条件下,考察8h内其PH值、外观性状和含量的变化情况。结果两配伍溶液在8h内的含量、PH值、外观性状均无明显变化。结论注射用替考拉宁可与0.9%氯化钠溶液或10%葡萄糖溶液配伍。     

注射用头孢哌酮钠及其复方制剂输液配制溶媒选用分析

目的 探讨注射用头孢哌酮钠及其复方制剂输液配制溶媒的选用.方法对2013年3月-2013年4月该院使用以及市面供应的具有代表性的四个厂家生产的头孢哌酮钠复方制剂说明书中涉及到的溶媒进行比较分析.结果 pH值较低的5%葡萄糖注射液、5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液等不宜作为溶媒与头孢哌酮钠进行配伍,优良的头孢哌酮钠复方制剂输液配制溶媒首选0.9%氯化钠注射液.结论 溶液pH值与头孢哌酮钠溶解度主要相关,灭菌注射用水可作为头孢哌酮钠复发制剂的溶解溶媒首选,而对稀释溶媒则可选用0.9%氯化钠注射液.     

注射用加替沙星与胞磷胆碱注射液配伍的稳定性考察

目的 观察注射用加替沙星与胞磷胆碱注射液分别在0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液中配伍的稳定性.方法 在室温(20±1)℃情况下,观察2药配伍后的外观、pH值、含量及峰形变化,并用紫外双波长分光光度法测定加替沙星和胞磷胆碱的含量.结果 2药配伍后,8 h内的外观、pH值、含量及峰形均无明显变化.结论 在室温条件下,注射用加替沙星与胞磷胆碱注射液在0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液中配伍稳定.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.