青岛市崂山区0~14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查

目的调查青岛市崂山区0~14岁儿童哮喘的流行现状、分布特征。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,随机抽取青岛市崂山区学校、幼儿园、街道办事处为群进行调查,共调查0~14岁儿童10 800例。结果在调查的10 800例儿童中,实查10 082例,实查率为93.4%。筛查出哮喘儿童(包括婴幼儿哮喘)315例,咳嗽变异性哮喘儿童38例,可疑哮喘(包括喘息性支气管炎)儿童19例。患病率为3.69%,男性患病率为4.60%,女性为2.74%,男性患病率明显高于女性(χ2=24.53,P<0.01)。结论青岛市崂山区0~14岁儿童哮喘的患病率较10年前明显升高。对照全球哮喘防治创议方案,目前在哮喘规范化治疗的推广上仍有一定的差距。     

宁夏0～14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查

1990年7～9月对宁夏十个市、县33993名0～14岁儿童进行了哮喘流行病学调查,共检出哮喘247名,患病率为0.73%。其中婴幼儿哮喘78名,儿童哮喘169名。在调查分析中,男性患病率高于女性;工业区高于城镇居民区;平原高于山区。首次发病年龄在3岁以前者占80.57%。哮喘好发季节为冬春季;发作类型以缓慢发作为主;感冒为哮喘发作的主要诱因。个人过敏史中以婴幼儿湿疹最多,占50.61%;一、二级亲属有哮喘史者分别为29.96%及37.65%。本文还对哮喘患病率与气候、环境、过敏因素及其防治作了讨论。     

拉萨地区儿童支气管哮喘患病情况分析

目的 调查拉萨地区(3700 m)0-12岁儿童哮喘患病情况及相关因素.方法 采用学校调查和分散家访的方式.结果 在调查的5162名0-12岁儿童中,共查出发作过哮喘的患儿46名,总患病率为(0.89%).其中儿童哮喘(≥3岁发病)5人(10.9%),婴幼儿哮喘(<3岁)(包括婴幼儿哮喘既往)21人(45.6%),咳嗽变异性哮喘4人(8.7%),可疑哮喘16人(34.8%).结论 高原地区儿童哮喘患病率较低,但同时要加强宣传,让更多家长认识哮喘疾病,以进一步的减少儿童哮喘的发生.     

玉溪市0～14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查

目的了解玉溪市0～14岁儿童哮喘的流行现状、分布特征及影响因素.方法采取整群抽样的方法,随机选取玉溪市城区0～14岁儿童16 717例进行调查.结果玉溪市0～14岁儿童哮喘患病率为1.13%,其中男、女性别之比为109：77,发病季节以秋、春季为主,以性别、呼吸道感染、过敏及遗传因素与哮喘发作有关.儿童哮喘治疗为吸入激素58.1%,支气管舒张剂45.7%,全身激素37.6%,抗白三烯药18.3%,脱敏治疗5.9%.结论玉溪市城区0～14岁儿童哮喘患病率为1.13%.其原因与性别、呼吸道感染、过敏及遗传因素等多种因素有关.对哮喘患儿及其家长进行有关哮喘基础知识的普及和教育是提高哮喘的诊治水平的重要措施.     

高海拔地区(0～18)岁儿童哮喘患病情况调查分析

目的：调查高海拔地区（0～18）岁儿童哮喘患病率,发病规律及相关因素.方法：根据三个不同地区,不同年龄段来取整群和分散家访的方式,对象为所调查区域（0～18）岁儿童（1984年7月1日-2002年7月1日）.结果：共调查儿童15 672人,实查儿童15 422人,失访250人,失访率1.6%.共查出哮喘患儿102人,患病率0.66%,其中儿童哮喘15人（14.8%）、婴幼儿哮喘18人（17.6%）、变异性哮喘18人（17.6%）、可疑哮喘51人（50%）.发作季节以不定期和冬季为主.发病诱因主要是呼吸道感染占97.9%,由个人过敏史78.4%,一、二级亲属有哮喘过敏史占23.5%.治疗以静点抗生素、氨茶碱、激素为主,而吸入或口服糖皮质激素及β2-受体激动剂和脱敏均未进行.结论：高海拔地区儿童哮喘发病率低,且诊治儿童哮喘存在问题,有待努力推广全球哮喘防治方案（GINA）,进一步改善我省哮喘患儿的生活质量.     

1860 例畲族儿童支气管哮喘流行病学调查分析

目的了解畲族儿童支气管哮喘流行现状、分布特征及影响因素,为今后畲族儿童支气管哮喘诊治工作提供科学依据。方法根据全国儿童哮喘协作组制定的统一方案,采取整群抽样的方法,对宁德市1860名0～14岁畲族儿童进行哮喘流行病学调查。结果宁德市1860名0-14岁畲族儿童哮喘患病率为3．17％,发病季节以冬（25．4％）、春季（28．8％）为主,哮喘发作与性别（男、女患病率分别为3．45％和2．81％）、呼吸道感染（81．4％）及遗传因素（39．0％）等有关。结论支气管哮喘是儿童最常见的呼吸系统慢性疾病之一,是环境因素和遗传因素共同作用诱导的复杂疾病,对畲族哮喘患儿及其家长进行有关哮喘基础知识的普及和教育是提高哮喘诊治水平的重要措施。     

南京市0～14岁儿童哮喘患病情况的抽样调查

目的:了解南京市儿童哮喘的患病情况.方法:采用整群抽样调查的方法,调查了南京市2个街道0～14岁儿童10108名.结果:查出哮喘患儿236人,其中儿童哮喘211名(89.40%),婴幼儿哮喘13名(5.50%),咳嗽变异性哮喘6名(2.54%),曾患婴幼儿哮喘、3岁以后未再发作者6名(2.54%),总患病率为2.33%.男女患病率分别为3.07%和1.68%.好发季节以换季时为多见,发病诱因主要为上呼吸道感染及天气变化.有73.75%的患者在3岁以内起病,73.33%的患者有个人过敏史,一二级亲属有哮喘的分别为18.33%和21.67%.支气管扩张剂应用占97.92%,以口服及吸入为主,抗生素应用过多,占91.25%.结论:与10年前相比,本市儿童哮喘患病率明显升高.     

2000年苏州市区6174名儿童哮喘患病情况调查

目的 了解苏州市儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素。方法 采取整群抽样的调查方法，在苏州市的金阊区所抽取的街区内，向家长发放初筛问卷，筛选出相关疾病的可疑患者，再经哮喘中心医师统一问诊查体，填写调查表。所有数据经asa/pc统计软件分析。结果 实际调查6174人中，哮喘（婴幼儿及儿童哮喘）累计患病率为4．5％，两年内有喘息发作的哮喘近患率为3．74％，男女患病率分别为4．81％与2．64％。两年内有近患的广义哮喘（包括婴幼儿哮喘、儿童哮喘及咳嗽变异性哮喘）患病率为4．32％。性别、首次发作年龄、呼吸道感染、过敏及遗传因素与哮喘发作有关。发作季节主要为春秋季及季节更迭期。早期正确诊断及应用吸入治疗的比率仍较低。结论 苏州市0－14岁儿童哮喘的患病率较10年前显著升高，且主要发生于学龄期。生活模式的改变可能与哮喘的发病上升有关；哮喘发作受诸多因素的影响，目前按GINA方案在哮喘的规范化治疗上仍有明显差距。     

2000年北京城区儿童哮喘患病情况调查分析

目的了解北京儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素,并进行10年前后的对比研究.方法采取整群抽样调查方法,按照10年前的调查范围,在北京市朝阳区及西城区2～4个街区内,向家长发放初筛问卷,筛选出相关疾病的可疑患者,再经哮喘中心医师统一问诊查体,填写调查表.所有数据经sas/pc统计软件分析.结果实际调查人数10 163人,2年内有喘息发作的哮喘现患率为2.05%,男女患病率分别为2.80%及1.24%,既往有哮喘的累计患病率为2.69%.性别、首次发作年龄、呼吸道感染、过敏及遗传因素与哮喘发作有关.早期正确诊断及应用吸入治疗的比率仍较低.对比1990年哮喘现患率的0.78%,2000年哮喘现患率是10年前的2.6倍.结论本次调查0～14岁儿童哮喘的患病率较10年前显著升高,且主要发生于学龄期.哮喘发作受诸多因素的影响,目前按GINA方案在哮喘的规范化治疗上仍有明显差距.     

贵屿地区3~6岁儿童支气管哮喘患病情况调查与发病因素分析

目的:初步探讨贵屿地区3~6岁儿童支气管哮喘的发病情况及相关因素分析。方法:采用随机调查方法,对贵屿地区3~6岁2 132名儿童进行问卷调查,调查内容主要包括:年龄、性别、发病诱因、发病季节及环境等。结果:1调查样本2132人,支气管哮喘患儿55例,患病率为2.58%,其中男29例,患病率为1.36%,女26例,患病率为1.22%。55例儿童哮喘患病统计:3岁儿童17例,男9例,女8例;4岁儿童14例,男8例,女6例;5岁儿童13例,男7例,女6例;6岁儿童11例,男5例,女6例。提示男性患病率(52.7%)高于女性(47.3%)。2儿童支气管哮喘患病原因:上呼吸道感染26例,其中男14例,女12例;季节变换14例,其中男7例,女7例;特应性体质9例,其中男5例,女4例;情绪变化6例,其中男3例,女3例。结论:儿童支气管哮喘与感染、特应性体质、环境等高度相关,应加强儿童支气管哮喘知识的宣传及教育,益于儿童生长发育及身心健康。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.