阿托品对大鼠蓝斑核痛反应神经元电活动的影响

目的 研究侧脑室注射乙酰胆碱(ACh)对正常大鼠蓝斑核(LC)痛反应神经元放电的影响.方法 以电脉冲刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极引导LC中痛反应神经元的电变化.结果 ①侧脑室注入ACh能使大鼠LC中痛兴奋神经元(PEN)痛诱发放电频率增加、潜伏期缩短;痛抑制神经元(PIN)痛诱发放电频率减少、完全抑制时程延长;②侧脑室注入ACh 的M受体拮抗剂阿托品能够阻断ACh的上述效应.结论 ①外源性ACh可使正常大鼠LC中痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应增强,表现为致痛效应;② ACh的这种致痛作用主要是通过M受体介导的.该结果揭示,ACh和LC在痛觉调制中具有非常重要的作用.     

多巴胺对尾核痛反应神经元电活动的调制作用

本实验观察了28只大鼠尾核内微量注射多巴胺(DA)对同侧尾核痛兴奋神经元(PEN)和痛抑制神经元(PIN)电活动的影响。结果表明:多巴胺可使尾核 PEN 和 PIN 对伤害性刺激的反应增强,主要表现为 PEN 痛诱发放电增加和 PIN诱发抑制时程延长。这种作用可被腹腔注射 DA 受体阻断剂氟哌啶所阻断。推测尾核 DA 能系统机能活动增强可能具有抗镇痛作用。     

乙酰胆碱对海马CA1区痛反应神经元电活动的影响

目的 研究侧脑室注射乙酰胆碱(Ach)对大鼠海马CA1区痛反应神经元电活动的影响. 方法 以电脉冲刺激右侧坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极细胞外记录神经元放电.结果 脑室注射Ach(20μg/10μl)可使痛兴奋神经元(PEN)放电频率的净增值减少,潜伏期延长;使痛抑制神经元(PIN)放电频率的净增值增加,完全抑制时程明显缩短. 结论 Ach能够减弱海马CA1区内的痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应,表现为镇痛效应.     

r—氨基丁酸对大鼠尾核痛敏神经元电活动的影响(摘要)

<正> 本实验用玻璃微电极细胞外记录尾核痛敏神经元电活动的方法,观察脑室注射 r—氨基丁酸(GABA)对尾核痛兴奋神经元(PEN)和痛抑制神经元(PIN)电活动的影响及腹腔注射 GABA 受体阻断剂印防己毒(Picro-toxin)对 GABA 的阻断效应。     

乙酰胆碱及其受体亚型阻滞剂对大鼠皮层体感区Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP酶活性的影响

目的 观察脑室注射乙酰胆碱及其受体亚型阻滞剂对大鼠皮层体感区Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATP酶活性的影响,探讨乙酰胆碱中枢作用的可能机制.方法 脑室注射ACh及其受体亚型阻滞剂后,采用定磷法检测Wistar大鼠皮层体感区Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATP酶活性.结果 ①脑室注射20μg/10μl的乙酰胆碱可使Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATP酶活性由脑室注射等量生理盐水的(8.271±1.298)μmolpi/mgprot升高到(16.444±3.270)μmolpi/mgprot(P＜0.05,n=5);②两侧脑室同时分别注射6.4μg/10μl N受体阻滞剂维库溴铵和乙酰胆碱可使Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATP酶活性由脑室注射乙酰胆碱的(16.444±3.270)μmolpi/mgprot降低到(8.854±1.366)μmolpi/mgprot(P＜0.05,n=5);③两侧脑室同时分别注射3.5μg/10μl M1受体阻滞剂哌仑西平和乙酰胆碱或分别注射4.5μg/10μl M3受体阻滞剂4-DAMP和乙酰胆碱均可使Ca2 ,Mg2 -ATP酶活性不同程度降低,但与脑室单独注射乙酰胆碱相比无显著差异(P＞0.05,n=5).结论 乙酰胆碱在大鼠大脑皮层体感区的效应,主要是通过N型受体实现的.     

毛果芸香碱对大鼠蓝斑核痛反应神经元电活动的影响

目的 本实验观察大鼠侧脑室内加入外源性乙酰胆碱(Ach)后,蓝斑核(Locus ceruleus,LC)痛反应神经元的电变化,以及M受体激动剂毛果芸香碱(Pilocarpine)的激动效应,进一步研究Ach和LC在痛觉调制中的作用及其相互关系.方法 以电脉冲刺激右侧坐骨神经作为伤害性痛刺激,用玻璃微电极细胞外记录痛反应神经元放电的变化.结果 1)侧脑室注入Ach能够使正常大鼠LC中痛兴奋神经元(PEN)痛诱发放电频率增加、潜伏期缩短,痛抑制神经元(PIN)痛诱发放电频率减少,诱发放电完全抑制时程延长,而后逐渐恢复;2)侧脑室注入毛果芸香碱能够产生与Ach相似的效应.结论 外源性Ach可使正常大鼠LC中痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应增强,表现为致病效应;M受体激动剂毛果芸香碱可使正常大鼠LC中痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应增强,与Ach产生相似的效应;揭示了Ach的这种致痛作用主要是通过M受体介导的.     

乙酰胆碱、阿托品、毛果芸香碱在痛觉调制中对大鼠蓝斑核神经元形态的影响

目的 研究乙酰胆碱(ACh)、阿托品、毛果芸香碱与正常大鼠蓝斑核(LC)在痛觉调制中的作用及其相互关系.方法 采用电生理学与侧脑室给药的方法,以电脉冲刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,用玻璃微电极引导LC中痛反应神经元的电变化.观察ACh、阿托品、毛果芸香碱对LC中神经元形态学改变的影响.结果 ACh可使LC内神经元形态发生改变,即神经元体积变大、外形不规则,细胞核轻度水肿等.M受体拮抗剂阿托品能阻断上述作用,使神经元结构基本恢复正常.M受体激动剂毛果芸香碱能产生与ACh相似的效应.结论 外源性ACh不仅能加强大鼠LC中痛反应神经元的电活动,而且使神经元的形态也发生了相应的改变,表现为易化疼痛效应.揭示,ACh的易化疼痛作用主要是通过M受体介导而实现的,LC内神经元形态的改变进一步证实ACh和LC在痛觉调制中起重要作用.     

GABA对大鼠束旁核痛抑制神经元电活动的影响

目的本实验采用电生理学方法,通过观察侧脑室注射γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、荷包牡丹碱(Bicuculline,Bic)对大鼠束旁核(PF)痛抑制神经元(PIN)电变化的影响,从而进一步研究GABA与PF在痛觉调制中的作用及其相互关系。结论本实验结果证明:1)外源性GABA可使正常大鼠PF中痛反应神经元对伤害性刺激的反应减弱,表现为镇痛效应;2)GABA的这种镇痛作用主要是通过GABAA受体介导的。该结果揭示,GABA和PF在痛觉调制中具有非常重要的作用。     

电刺激黑质对大鼠尾核痛兴奋和痛抑制神经元放电的影响

本实验采用细胞外记录神经元单位放电的方法,在32只大鼠上观察了电刺激黑质对尾核痛兴奋神经元(Pain-excitation neurons,PEN)和痛抑制神经元(Pain-inhibition neurons,PIN)电活动的影响。结果表明,电刺激黑质致密部可使同侧尾核大多数 PEN 诱发放电增加和 PIN 诱发抑制时程延长。这一作用可被腹腔注射氟哌啶所阻断。提示黑质致密部的多巴胺(DA)能神经元通过其轴突末梢释放 DA 影响尾核 PEN 和 PIN 的电活动而参与了中枢对痛党的整合过程。     

眼镜蛇长链神经毒素Cobratoxin对丘脑束旁核神经元痛诱发放电的影响

目的 以大鼠丘脑束旁核(Pf)神经元痛诱发放电为指标,来验证眼镜蛇长链神经毒素(Cobratoxin)的镇痛作用.方法 用玻璃微电极细胞外记录Pf神经元的单位放电,用电脉冲刺激坐骨神经作为伤害性刺激,诱发伤害性反应,观察侧脑室注射不同剂量Cobratoxin后痛诱发放电的变化.用侧脑室注射生理盐水作为阴性对照,侧脑室注射吗啡作为阳性对照.结果 (1)侧脑室注射大剂量Cobratoxin(4.5μg/kg)后,Pf神经元的痛放电频率明显降低;(2)侧脑室注射中剂量(1.12 μg/kg)和小剂量(0.56 μg/kg)Cobratoxin后,Pf神经元的痛放电频率也降低,但降低的幅度依次递减.(3)侧脑室注射3种剂量Cobratoxin对Pf神经元痛放电频率的抑制时间比吗啡的长.结论 Cobratoxin对丘脑Pf神经元的痛诱发放电有明显的抑制作用,提示Cobratoxin有镇痛作用,这种镇痛作用有一定的剂量依赖性.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.