生精衍宗胶囊的生精作用

本文探讨了生精衍宗胶囊的生精作用。结果,生精衍宗胶囊能升高未成熟雄性大鼠的血清睾丸酮含量、精子数及精子活力;能使去势大鼠包皮腺及附性器官(前列腺和精囊)重量增加;能增加棉子油(棉酚)负荷大鼠的精子数及精子活力;能提高雄性小鼠的生育力。结果证明:生精衍宗胶囊有生精作用。     

电针治疗大鼠弱精子症的实验研究

目的:研究不同电针参数对大鼠弱精子症的治疗作用。方法:将105只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2Hz-每日电针组9只、假电针组10只、模型组10只,2Hz-隔日电针5d组、假电针组、模型组各8只,2Hz-隔日电针9d组、假电针组、模型组各10只,100Hz-隔日电针组7只、假电针组8只、模型组7只。采用奥硝唑灌胃法建立弱精子症大鼠模型。各电针组电针双侧"足三里""肾俞"穴,各假电针组予常规针刺。2Hz-每日电针组,每日治疗1次,共3次;2Hz-隔日电针5d组,隔天治疗1次,共3次;2Hz-隔日电针9d组,隔天治疗1次,共5次;100Hz-隔日电针组,隔天治疗1次,共5次。通过计算机辅助精子分析系统观察电针对精子密度、活率、活力、A级精子数以及A+B级精子数的影响。结果:2Hz-每日电针组:与模型组及假电针组相比,2Hz-每日电针治疗对弱精子症大鼠精子运动的各项指标均没有明显改善作用(P0.05)。2 Hz-隔日电针5d组:与模型组相比,2Hz-隔日电针5d治疗可以增加大鼠精子的活力、A级精子数以及A+B级精子数(P0.05);而与假电针组相比,2 Hz-隔日电针5d治疗只增加了A+B级精子数(P0.05)。2Hz-隔日电针9d组:与模型组及假电针组相比,电针后弱精子症大鼠精子的活率、活力、A级精子数、A+B级精子数均显著升高(P0.001)。100Hz-隔日电针组:与模型组及假电针组相比,100Hz-隔日电针5次治疗可提高大鼠精子的活率(P0.001,P0.05)、活力(P0.001,P0.01)、A级精子数及A+B级精子数(P0.01)。各电针参数对弱精子症大鼠的精子密度无明显影响(P0.05)。结论:2Hz-隔日电针9d或100Hz-隔日电针9d都可以提高弱精子症大鼠的精子活率和活力,提升精子运动能力,对弱精子症有一定的治疗作用。     

肾气丸恢复受损睾丸功能的实验研究

实验表明,肾气丸可使大鼠附睾重量、精子数、活动精子百分率及睾丸组织cAMP量、血清睾丸酮量明显增加,对性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)含量与对照组相比,虽无明显统计学意义,但也呈下降趋势。组织学结果也指出对生精障碍有明显恢复使用,以上药理结果表明,肾气丸具有类性激素样作用。     

艾烟对弱精子症模型大鼠精子参数和血清性激素的影响＊

目的 观察艾烟对奥硝唑灌胃所建立的弱精子症模型大鼠生殖功能的保护作用。方法 将32只雄性SD大鼠按体质量随机分为溶剂对照组（8只）、弱精子症模型组（8只）、艾烟组（8只）、香烟对照组（8只）。模型组、艾烟组、香烟组：每组均使用奥硝唑溶液灌胃，每次400 mg/kg，每日1次，连续灌胃10天。从第11天起，将三个组的奥硝唑剂量调至200 mg/kg，每日1次，并开始艾烟和香烟干预，每天20min，每日1次，每周6天。实验共8周。溶剂对照组：只给与等体积的0.2%羧甲基纤维素钠溶液灌胃，每日1次，共灌胃8周，不进行其他干预。观察各组大鼠附睾中精子浓度、精子活力、精子活率、A级精子数、A+B级精子数指标的变化，血清中性激素睾酮、促黄体生成素含量的变化，睾丸HE染色组织形态学改变。结果 ①与溶剂组相比：模型组和香烟组大鼠的精子活力、精子活率、A级精子数、A+B级精子数明显下降（P < 0.01），而艾烟组上述指标无差异（P > 0.05）；②与模型组相比，艾烟组大鼠的上述精子参数均明显上升（P < 0.01），香烟组的精子活力、精子活率、A + B级精子数有所上升（P < 0.05）；③与香烟组相比，艾烟组的精子活力、精子活率、A级精子数、A + B级精子数明显上升（P < 0.01）；④与溶剂组相比，模型组和香烟组大鼠的血清睾酮的含量显著下降（P < 0.01）、促黄体生成素的含量上升（P < 0.01）；⑤与模型组相比，艾烟组睾酮的含量上升（P < 0.01）、促黄体生成素的含量下降（P < 0.05）；⑥病理结果显示，模型组大鼠睾丸组织受损，艾烟组大鼠的组织有所恢复，香烟组的睾丸损伤程度最重。结论 艾烟可以提高弱精子症模型大鼠的精子质量，提高精子活力、精子活率、A级精子数、A + B级精子数，调节血清睾酮和促黄体生成素水平，减轻睾丸组织病变。     

金匮肾气丸对腺嘌呤致不育大鼠精子质量与肾脏功能的影响

目的:观察金匮肾气丸对腺嘌呤致雄性不育大鼠精子质量及肾功能的影响。方法:30只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、金匮肾气丸组。应用自动精子质量分析仪检测实验大鼠的精子质量(精子密度、活率及活动度);应用放射免疫法测定血清睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E2)、促黄体激素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH)含量;自动生化分析仪分析血清尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)含量;HE染色、光镜观察肾脏组织变化,透射电镜观察实验大鼠睾丸中精子鞭毛密度。结果:金匮肾气丸能明显增加大鼠精子密度、活率及活动度,提高大鼠血清T含量,降低E2,LH,FSH含量;降低血清BUN和Scr含量。结论:金匮肾气丸可提高模型大鼠的精子质量,改善肾功能。其提高精子质量可能是通过刺激间质细胞产生T及降低异常升高的E2这一间接作用实现的。     

朱砂对雄性大鼠精子质量影响的研究

目的观察朱砂灌胃给药对雄性大鼠精子活力及相关运动参数的影响。方法利用生殖毒性Ⅰ段雄性大鼠,按体质量随机分为阴性对照组(0.5%CMC-Na)、朱砂低剂量组(100μg/g)、朱砂中剂量组(300μg/g)、朱砂高剂量组(1 000μg/g)、阳性对照组(雷公藤多苷10μg/g),分别给予相应的干预措施,共6周。给药结束后,取大鼠一侧附睾制备精子悬液,吸取10μl精子悬液至大鼠专用精子计数池,用计算机辅助精子分析系统(CASA)进行精子数量、活力、运动能力检查,并取睾丸、附睾HE染色观察病理情况。结果与阴性对照组比较,朱砂各剂量组的精子活率、精子活力、有效精子数和精子密度均有所下降,其中朱砂中剂量组的精子活率、精子活力和精子密度、低剂量组的有效精子数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),朱砂低剂量组的精子活力、中高剂量组的有效精子数的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。雷公藤多苷组的精子活率、精子活力、有效精子数、精子密度均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与阴性对照组比较,雷公藤多苷组除精子的鞭打频率升高外,其余各运动参数均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);朱砂低中剂量组精子的直线运动速度、曲线运动速度、平均路径速度、侧摆幅度降低,鞭打频率升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);朱砂低剂量组精子的平均移动角度、前向性降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但朱砂高剂量组的各个运动参数与阴性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论朱砂对大鼠精子的活力、活率、精子密度、运动能力等方面均有一定的影响;提示朱砂长期给药对雄性生育力有潜在的损害作用。     

血塞通注射液对大鼠心肌肥厚及氧化应激的影响

目的:研究血塞通注射液(Xuesaitong Injection,XST)对异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌肥厚的保护作用及对氧化应激的影响。方法:采用异丙肾上腺素(isoproterenol,ISO)5mg/kg·dsc连续7d。诱导大鼠心肌肥厚模型。大鼠随机分为NS对照组、ISO模型组、XST(25、50mg/kg)治疗组。测定全心重量指数(HW/BW),左心室重量指数(LVW/BW即LVI);采用分光光度法检测左心室心肌组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力以及血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果:ISO模型组大鼠的心脏重量指数明显增大,左心室Hyp、MDA含量增高,SOD、GSH-Px活力显著下降;血清MDA、CK水平明显升高,SOD活力明显下降。PNS能明显降低血清中CK的释放,降低血清和心肌中MDA水平及提高SOD活力,保护心肌组织GSH-Px酶活性,减少心肌组织胶原的含量,减轻心脏重量指数,抑制心肌肥厚。结论:XST对ISO所致大鼠心肌肥厚具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

沙苑子补肾固精的作用研究

目的:观察沙苑子对生精障碍动物的促生精作用及其对肾阳虚动物模型的影响。方法:通过建立生精障碍大鼠、小鼠模型及肾阳虚小鼠模型,计数生精障碍模型各组动物精子数量,观察各组精子的活力,测定血清性激素水平。测定肾阳虚模型各组小鼠肛温、游泳时间、自主活动、睾丸和精囊腺指数。结果:沙苑子提取物0.2,0.4 g.kg-1能明显增加生精障碍模型大鼠、小鼠的精子数、精子活动率及前列腺和精囊腺指数,能明显降低精子畸形数;能明显增加血清睾酮(T)含量,降低促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡生成素(FSH)水平;能明显增加肾阳虚模型小鼠的体温及自发活动次数、延长低温游泳存活时间及增加睾丸、精囊腺指数。结论:沙苑子提取物对生精障碍模型动物有显著的促生精作用,显著提高大鼠精子的质量,同时可改善血清性激素水平,对肾阳虚模型动物有明显的治疗作用。     

仙阳口服液对动物交配试验的研究

仙阳口服液灌胃给药能够明显提高雄性大白鼠扑捉雌性大白鼠的次数；增加雄性大白鼠射精次数；提高未成年雄性大鼠精子数及精子活力     

仙阳口服液对动物交配试验的研究

仙阳口服液灌胃给药能够明显提高雄性大白鼠补促雌性大白鼠的次数；增加雄性大白鼠射精次数，提高未成年雄性大鼠精子数及精子活力。     

中药干预治疗对家具行业男性从业者生殖功能的影响

目的：探讨中药辨证治疗对家具行业男性油漆从业者精液质量和生殖激素的影响。方法：抽取120名家具油漆作业人员为研究对象,使用传统中药方剂对研究对象进行治疗,使用彩色精子质量全自动分析系统检测治疗前后人员的精子密度、液化时间、活动率及活力等参数,应用免疫技术检测治疗前后人员的血液生殖激素水平。结果：治疗前后比较：精子密度、精子活动率、a、b级精子以及血清睾酮、垂体泌乳素等均明显上升,精子液化时间缩短。c、d级精子明显减少,差异均具统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：经过九个多月的中药辨证治疗,家具行业男性的精液质量和血清性激素含量均有明显改善。     

马鬃蛇对下丘脑抑制大鼠性功能的改善作用机制探讨

目的:研究马鬃蛇石油醚提取物(CVPEE)对下丘脑抑制的幼年雄性大鼠性功能的改善作用机制.方法:建立下丘脑抑制致大鼠睾丸功能障碍模型,连续灌胃给药21天后测定血清睾酮(T)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平,测定血清和阴茎组织中NO含量,换算其生殖器官的脏器系数,镜下观察睾丸、附睾的组织病理学改变.结果:CVPEE可明显升高血清睾酮水平,降低FSH水平,与模型组比较P＜0.05,血清和阴茎组织NO含量有升高趋势,给药组睾丸组织受损程度比模型组轻.结论:CVPEE可升高下丘脑抑制大鼠的血清睾酮水平及阴茎组织NO含量,对性功能障碍有一定改善作用,其作用机制可能通过下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴的调节.     

Mikania laevigata syrup does not induce side effects on reproductive system of male Wistar rats

Mikania laevigata (Asteraceae) is a native plant from South America and popularly used as antispasmodic and to treat respiratory diseases. Coumarin is the major chemical substance found in this plant, which have been shown to have antifertility activity in female rats. This study evaluates the toxicity of the exposure to the Mikania laevigata syrup using coumarin as chemical marker on reproductive endpoints in male Wistar rats. Endpoints including reproductive organs weight, sperm and spermatids numbers and sperm morphology were evaluated. Animals were treated daily with Mikania laevigata syrup (3.5; 7.0 and 14.0mg/kg of coumarin) during 90 days by oral gavage. No alterations were observed in body and organ weights, sperm and spermatids numbers as well as sperm morphology of the male rats after the exposure to the Mikania laevigata syrup. Results therefore suggest absence of male reproductive toxicity of the Mikania laevigata syrup at tested doses.     

Effect of furostanol glycosides from Trigonella foenum-graecum on the reproductive system of male albino rats

Trigonella foenum (TF) has long been used in the traditional Indian systems of medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The objective was to study the anabolic and androgenic activity of the furostanol glycosides fraction of Trigonella foenum‐graecum (Fenu‐FG) in immature castrated male Wistar rats. It was also aimed to investigate the effect of Fenu‐FG on testicular histology in non‐castrated immature rats. The animals (55 ± 5 g) were castrated. The rats were treated with either vehicle, testosterone (10 mg/kg s.c. bi‐weekly) or Fenu‐FG (10 and 35 mg/kg p.o.) once daily for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, blood was withdrawn, serum testosterone and BUN were measured. Animals were killed and reproductive organs were excised and weighed. Fenu‐FG (35 mg/kg p.o.) and testosterone (10 mg/kg, s.c. biweekly) increased the weight of the levator ani muscle as well as body weight. Fenu‐FG (10 or 35 mg/kg p.o.) did not change the testosterone level in castrated rats. Histopathological examination of the testis of non‐castrated rats treated with Fenu‐FG (10, 35 mg/kg p.o.) showed normal architecture of the testis. Fenu‐FG (35 mg/kg p.o.) showed anabolic activity without androgenic activity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

淫羊藿及菟丝子提取物对雄性生殖功能的影响

 淫羊藿主要成分淫羊藿（icariin，ICA）能明显促进幼年小鼠附睾及精囊腺的发育，菟丝子醇提物（SCE）则能明显促进小鼠睾丸及附睾的发育，其强度低于人绒毛膜促进性腺激素（hCG）。对离体培养的大鼠睾丸间质（leydig）细胞ICA能明显促进睾酮（Ts）的基础分泌和cAMP的生成，SCE则能促进Ts的基础及hCG的刺激分泌。结果提示：ICA具有雄性激素样作用，并可通过cAMP途径使Ts的分泌增加；SCE主要表现为促性腺激素样作用。     

The effect of aqueous extracts of Cynomorium coccineum and Withania somnifera on testicular development in immature Wistar rats

The effect of lyophilized aqueous extract of Cynomorium coccineum and Withania somnifera on testicular development and on serum levels of testosterone, ICSH and FSH was studied in immature male Wistar rats. There was a notable increase in testicular weight of animals treated with both extracts. Histological examination revealed an apparent increase in the diameter of seminiferous tubules and the number of seminiferous tubular cell layers in the testes of treated rats as compared with control ones. Extracts of both plants elicited notable spermatogenesis in immature rats but C. coccineum was more effective than W. somnifera in that respect. Serum testosterone and FSH levels were lower in animals treated with plants extracts than controls, whereas ICSH levels was higher in treated animals, specially in those treated with C. coccineum. It was concluded that extracts of both plants have a direct spermatogenic influence on the seminiferous tubules of immature rats presumably by exerting a testosterone-like effect.     

Antifertility effect of chronically administered Martynia annua root extract on male rats

The effects of 50% ethanol extract of Martynia annua L. root on reproduction was studied on male rats. The study was divided into four groups of five animals each. The first group (I) received vehicle alone to serve as control. The second, third and fourth groups (II, III and IV) of animals were administered the root extract daily at 50 mg/kg body weight, po, 100 mg/kg body weight, po, and 200 mg/kg body weight, po, respectively, for a period of 60 days. Significant decreases in the weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate were observed. A dose related reduction in the testicular sperm count, epididymal sperm count and motility, number of fertile males, ratio between delivered and inseminated females and number of pups were observed. The testis showed a clear correlation between the dose and severity of lesions of seminiferous epithelium. In general, the seminiferous tubules appear reduced in size with a frequently filled eosinophilic material. Spermatogenesis arrested at the secondary spermatocyte stage. Pachytene spermatocytes were undergoing degeneration. Disorganisation and sloughing of immature germ cells were visible. Leydig cells were atrophied. No morphological changes were observed in Sertoli cells. Significant reduction in serum concentration of luteinising hormone and testosterone were observed. No distinct change in serum FSII concentration was recorded. The final body weights of all groups were elevated markedly. No alterations were recorded in any hematological parameters. It is concluded that the 50% ethanol extract of M. annua root produced dose related effects on male reproduction without altering general body metabolism.     

四子种王胶囊药效学考察

目的:研究四子种王胶囊的药效学作用,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法:分别进行了4个大鼠实验,观察对其生育能力影响、性器官重量影响、抗疲劳能力及低温存活能力影响。结果:实验发现幼年大鼠睾丸曲细精管内精子数目明显增多,并使雌性大鼠妊娠率显著提高;能显著增加去势大鼠附性腺器官包皮腺、精液囊+前列腺指数;明显延长阳虚小鼠耐疲劳游泳时间,提高阳虚小鼠低温存活能力。结论:四子种王胶囊可提高精子数量及其成活率。     

Antifertility effect of Bambusa arundinacea shoot extracts in male rats

An ethanolic extract of Bambusa arundinacea tender shoots (BASE) caused a reduction in fertility of male rats. After administration of 300 mg/kg per day of BASE for 7 days, the fertility index decreased to 15% for control rats and to 23% after a 7-day recovery period, respectively. The number of cohabited females being successfully inseminated was reduced especially after 4 days of treatment. Complete recovery of mating behaviour was evident 8 days after BASE withdrawal. The number of spermatozoa in the caput and cauda epididymis were decreased concomitant with a decrease in the motility of spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymis. The weights of testes, epididymides, vas deferens and prostate were also significantly decreased. The serum profile of protein and oxaloacetic/pyruvic transaminase activity show the extract to be relatively non-toxic.     

Antifertility effect in male rats of oleanolic acid, a triterpene from Eugenia jambolana flowers

The antifertility activity of oleanolic acid (C30H48O3), isolated from the flowers of Eugenia jambolana, was evaluated in male albino rats. The administration of the compound for 60 days decreased the fertilizing capacity of the animals without any significant changes in body weight or reproductive organ weights. The compound produced arrest of spermatogenesis but did not cause any abnormality to spermatogenic cells, Leydig interstitial cells and Sertoli cells. Oleanolic acid may prove to be a promising antifertility agent devoid of undesirable side effects.