基于肠道菌群理论探讨千金苇茎汤治疗呼吸系统疾病的潜在靶点

研究表明,肠道菌群对呼吸系统疾病具有一定的调节作用。千金苇茎汤为中医学治疗肺系疾病的经典方,具有清肺化痰、逐瘀排脓之效,目前常用于治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、重症肺炎、支气管哮喘、肺脓肿等呼吸系统疾病。根据文献报道,千金苇茎汤与肠道菌群存在密切关联。据此推测,千金苇茎汤可能是通过调节肠道菌群的平衡治疗呼吸系统疾病,肠道菌群可能是千金苇茎汤治疗呼吸系统疾病的潜在靶点。     

《千金》苇茎汤在肺系疾病中的研究进展

《千金》苇茎汤首见于《备急千金要方》，该方配伍严谨，多应用于肺系疾病的治疗，临床有确切疗效。近年来，关于此方的临床研究和药理研究不断深化，并且都取得了新的突破。依据检索的文献可以得出，《千金》苇茎汤的临床研究多以治疗肺系相关疾病为主，如疫毒传染性疾病、肺部炎症性疾病及恶性肺部肿瘤性疾病等。对其他疾病的治疗也多是与“肺痈”症候或病机切近的疾病，这为《千金》苇茎汤在临床治疗中提供了新思路。《千金》苇茎汤的药理研究多以肺部损伤为着手点，发现对疾病有不同作用的信号通路，并以此明释作用机制。《千金》苇茎汤的临床及药理研究不只限于疫毒传染性疾病、肺部炎症性疾病及恶性肺部肿瘤性疾病，对于其他疾病也有很好的疗效，但关于其他疾病几乎没有药理研究，理当进一步探究。笔者将从《千金》苇茎汤的临床和药理研究两方面做简要概述。     

千金苇茎汤治疗支气管扩张的研究进展

本文通过分析近年来文献,认为"痰、瘀、热"为支气管扩张的中医病因病机,并经归纳总结千金苇茎汤的药理研究及临床研究,得出千金苇茎汤为治疗痰热壅肺型支气管扩张的有效方剂,为治疗支气管扩张提供了新思路及新方法。     

苇茎汤现代药效学研究与临床运用

<正>苇茎汤出自《备急千金要方》,又名千金苇茎汤。由苇茎、薏苡仁、冬瓜仁、桃仁四味药物组成。具有清肺化痰、逐瘀排脓的功效。传统用于热毒壅滞、痰瘀互结所致肺痈证的治疗。现代研究认为苇茎汤可通过抑制炎症细胞释放炎症     

苇茎汤在儿科临床中的应用分析

苇茎汤是《备急千金要方》中提出的用于治疗肺部疾病的中药制剂,具有逐瘀排脓、清热化痰之功效。以苇茎汤为基础,加入其他药材能够有效治疗便秘、牙槽脓肿、鼻窦炎、慢性扁桃体炎、咳嗽等临床常见病。本文对苇茎汤加减治疗咳嗽、慢性扁桃体炎、鼻窦炎等临床常见疾病的治疗经验和应用方法进行了介绍,认为只要存在以下症状者均可使用苇茎汤进行治疗,包括：病程较长者、证属湿热蕴结、舌红苔黄腻,以及闭、痰、脓、肿、痈等症。     

苇茎汤临床应用举隅

苇茎汤出自《金匮要略》,由苇茎、薏苡仁、冬瓜仁、桃仁组成。具有清肺化痰、逐瘀排脓的功效,临证主要用于治疗热毒蕴肺、痰瘀互结之肺痈咳嗽。笔者在临证过程中灵活运用治疗多种疾病,均取得显著疗效,现举例如下。     

经方加减辨治艾滋病合并肺系感染举隅

运用经方治疗艾滋病患者呼吸系统感染,如用小柴胡汤合玉屏风散治疗艾滋病患者的感冒,用千金苇茎汤合止嗽散治疗急性支气管炎,用千金苇茎汤合三子养亲汤治疗细菌性肺炎,用麻杏石甘汤加减治疗肺孢子虫肺炎等,疗效满意。     

千金苇茎汤在慢性阻塞性肺疾病治疗中的应用效果

目的:探究千金苇茎汤治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床效果。方法:选取2017年5月至2018年5月郑州大桥医院收治的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者80例作为研究对象,对照组40例予以常规西医治疗,观察组40例在对照组的基础上予千金苇茎汤治疗,比较两组患者治疗后有效率。结果:观察组患者有效率高达90.00%,对照组患者有效率72.50%,差异具有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论:千金苇茎汤治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病效果显著,且副作用少。     

千金苇茎汤临床新用举例

千金苇茎汤出自<备急千金要方>,由苇茎、薏苡仁、桃仁、冬瓜子组成.具有清肺化痰、逐瘀排脓功效,原治肺痈.笔者以本方加减治疗慢性结肠炎、产后便秘、慢性盆腔炎等病,疗效满意,兹介绍如下.     

合用千金苇茎汤治疗脑卒中相关性肺感染32例

[目的]观察合用千金苇茎汤治疗脑卒中相关肺部感染的治疗效果。[方法]选取2014年3月—2016年3月天津中医药大学第一附属医院针灸科脑卒中并发肺部感染的64例患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,治疗组(32例)在常规治疗基础上合用千金苇茎汤治疗。[结果]经14 d治疗后,治疗组在治愈率及总有效率方面均优于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]合用千金苇茎汤能够有效提升脑卒中患者肺感染的治疗效果,值得推广。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.