穿破石水提取物对四氯化碳致大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用

目的:研究穿破石水提取物对大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用。方法:SD大鼠按体重随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性药秋水仙碱组(0.000 25 g·kg-1)和穿破石水提取物高剂量组(4.57 g·kg-1)、中剂量组(3.05 g·kg-1)、低剂量组(1.52 g·kg-1)。除对照组外,其余各组大鼠均皮下注射40%四氯化碳(CCl4)橄榄油液3 mL·kg-1(首次为5 mL·kg-1)每周2次,连续8周,造模同时各给药组给药。8周后测定丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST),总蛋白质(TP),白蛋白(Alb),球蛋白(Glob),血清一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和肝纤维化指标透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ);取肝制备肝匀浆,测定羟脯氨酸(HYP)水平,并取肝组织做病理检查。结果:大鼠肝纤维化损伤时,模型组ALT,AST活性及血清AKP,HA,LN和CⅣ含量及肝组织HYP明显增加,而TP,Alb,SOD明显降低,与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);与模型组比较,穿破石水提取物可降低ALT,AST活性及血清PCⅢ,HA含量及肝组织HYP水平,而提高血清SOD,TP,ALB含量,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。病理学检查结果显示,穿破石水提取物治疗组肝纤维化有显著改善。结论:穿破石水提取物对四氯化碳所致的大鼠肝纤维化具有良好的治疗作用。     

杜仲多糖抗肝纤维化作用的实验研究

目的研究杜仲多糖对CCl4致肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法采用大鼠首次背部sc纯CCl4 5 mL/kg,以后sc 40%CCl4花生油3 mL/kg,共8周,制备大鼠肝纤维化模型。杜仲多糖ig给药8周,测定大鼠肝脏及脾脏指数,检测大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性及总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平,计算ALB与球蛋白(GLOB)的比值(A/G);检测血清中透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、III型前胶原(PCIII)、IV型胶原(IV-C)水平;检测肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性、羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)的水平;并检测肝脏中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的表达。结果杜仲多糖能明显对抗CCl4所致的肝纤维化大鼠肝脏、脾脏指数的升高(P<0.01);显著抑制血清中ALT、AST活性的升高(P<0.01),降低血清中HA、LN、PCIII、IV-C、GLOB的量(P<0.01),升高血清中的TP、ALB的量和A/G的值(P<0.01);降低肝组织中MDA的水平和Hyp的量(P<0.01),亦能升高肝组织中SOD的活性和GSH-Px的水平(P<0.01),明显降低肝组织中TGF-β1的表达。杜仲多糖高剂量组抗肝纤维化的效果最好,并呈现明显的剂量依赖性。结论杜仲多糖具有显著的抗肝纤维化作用。     

蝙蝠葛酚性碱对大鼠肝纤维化的影响及其机制探讨

目的:观察蝙蝠葛酚性碱(PAMD)对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导大鼠肝纤维化的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法:SD大鼠随机分成正常组,模型组,秋水仙碱组(1 mg·kg-1),PAMD高、中、低剂量组(25,12.5,6.25 mg·kg-1)。采用40%CCl4(1m L·kg-1)ip诱导肝纤维化模型大鼠。所有大鼠给予等体积药物或生理盐水ig,持续30 d。放射免疫法检测血清透明质酸(HA),层粘连蛋白(LN),Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)和Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)水平。生化分析法检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)水平。酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测肝脏中转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。电子显微镜观察大鼠肝组织镜下形态结构,计算肝和脾脏脏器指数。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清HA,LN,PCⅢ,CIV,ALT和AST明显增加(P0.05),TP和ALB明显降低(P0.05),肝组织TGF-β1和TNF-α水平明显升高(P0.05),肝脏病理纤维化大鼠明显加重,肝脏和脾脏脏器指数明显升高(P0.05);与模型组比较,PAMD高、中剂量组大鼠血清HA,LN,PCⅢ,CIV,ALT和AST明显降低(P0.05),TP和ALB明显升高(P0.05),肝组织TGF-β1和TNF-α水平明显降低(P0.05),肝脏病理纤维化大鼠明显减轻,肝脏和脾脏脏器指数明显降低(P0.05)。结论:PAMD能有效减轻CCl4诱导肝纤维化大鼠的肝脏损伤,降低肝纤维化程度,其机制与抑制肝脏TGF-β1和TNF-α蛋白表达有关。     

胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ对大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用

目的研究胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ对CCl4致大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用。方法56只大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ治疗组和胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ对照组,采用CCl4腹腔注射诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,造模第8周,检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)、透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)水平。结果与正常对照组相比,模型组血清ALT、AST、HA、LN、Ⅳ-C、PCⅢ水平显著增高,血清ALB水平显著降低。经胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ干预后,上述指标均显著改善(P0.01),与正常对照相比较仍有显著性差异(P0.05)。胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ对照组上述各指标与正常对照组无明显差异(P0.05)。结论胡黄连苦苷Ⅱ有保护肝细胞、预防CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化作用。     

芍药苷对大鼠慢性肝损伤及肝纤维化的保护作用

目的观察芍药苷(PF)对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致大鼠慢性肝损伤及纤维化的治疗作用。方法将大鼠随机分为6组,利用高脂低蛋白饲料和CCl4制作大鼠肝损伤模型,并同时给予相应药物灌胃,9周后取材送检。血液生化检测肝功能指标:丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素(TBil);放射免疫法测定肝纤维化指标:透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ);制备肝干粉,分光光度计检测羟脯氨酸(Hyp)。结果模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、HA、CⅣ和肝组织中Hyp明显高于正常组(P<0.05或0.01);与模型组比较,芍药苷3个剂量组可明显降低肝纤维化大鼠血清中ALT、AST;芍药苷408,0 mg/kg剂量组可明显降低肝纤维化大鼠血清中HA含量及根据肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量计算的胶原蛋白量(P<0.05和0.01)。结论芍药苷对慢性肝损伤及纤维化有保护作用。     

针刺对肝纤维化模型大鼠的防治作用及对TGF-β1的影响

目的探讨针刺对肝纤维化大鼠模型的防治作用及其对TGF-β1的影响。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分正常组、模型组、针刺组。采用CCl4诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,针刺组选取足三里和肝俞穴进行电针刺激。实验结束后检查各组肝组织病理学情况,对肝纤维化损伤进行分级评分,检测血清肝功能指标(ALT、AST)和肝纤维化指标(HA、LN、PCⅢ、CⅣ),应用ELISA法检测肝组织中TGF-β1的表达水平。结果与模型组相比,针刺组能显著降低大鼠肝组织纤维化评分(P<0.01),降低ALT,AST,HA,LN,PCⅢ,CⅣ水平(P<0.01),抑制肝组织中TGF-β1的活化(P<0.01)。结论针刺足三里和肝俞穴具有抑制肝纤维化作用,其机制可能与抑制TGF-β1的活化有关。     

白背叶根水提取物对肝纤维化大鼠NF-κB信号通路的影响

目的白背叶根水提取物对肝纤维化大鼠NF⁃κB信号通路的影响。方法以CCl4诱导大鼠肝纤维化,SD大鼠随机分为对照组,模型组,秋水仙碱组(0.2 mg/kg),白背叶根水提取物高、中、低剂量组(生药5、2.5、1.25 g/kg)。给药8周后腹主动脉采血,全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠血清ALT、AST、ALP、ALB、TP水平;ELISA法测定大鼠肝组织匀浆中PC⁃Ⅲ、Col⁃Ⅳ、HA、LN及MMP⁃9、IL⁃1β、IL⁃6水平;qRT⁃PCR法测定Col⁃Ⅰ、TNF⁃αmRNA表达;HE染色观察肝脏纤维化程度;Western blot法检测肝组织中NF⁃κB p65及IκBα蛋白表达。结果与模型组比较,白背叶根水提取物中、高剂量组血清中ALT、AST、ALP水平降低,ALB、TP水平上升(P<0.05,P<0.01);PC⁃Ⅲ、Col⁃Ⅳ、HA、LN、MMP⁃9、IL⁃1β、IL⁃6水平降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);抑制肝组织中Col⁃Ⅰ、TNF⁃αmRNA表达(P<0.05,P<0.01);抑制NF⁃κB p65蛋白表达,促进IκBα蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论白背叶根水提取物可能通过调控NF⁃κB信号传导通路,抑制IL⁃1β、IL⁃6、TNF⁃α等炎性细胞因子的表达,减轻肝细胞炎症损伤,使CCl4诱导肝纤维化得到改善。     

苷泰胶囊对四氯化碳诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用

目的:研究苷泰胶囊对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用,并探讨其相应的作用机制。方法:SD大鼠将连续8周ip CCl4成功诱导的肝纤维化大鼠随机分为模型组,阳性药组秋水仙碱(2 mg·kg-1),苷泰胶囊低、高剂量组(230,460 mg·kg-1),每组12只,另设同批次正常大鼠12只为正常组。除正常组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水外,各组均按给定剂量ig给药,每日1次,连续4周。给药结束后处死大鼠,取血取肝。采用比色法测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性水平;采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法测定透明质酸(HA),层粘蛋白(LN),Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)和Ⅲ型前胶原(procollagenⅢ,PCⅢ)的含量;采用碱水解法处理肝组织后测定其羟脯氨酸(Hy P)的含量;同时采用苏木素-伊红(HE)和马松(Masson)染色法对肝组织染色,并于光学显微镜下观察比较肝脏病理学变化。结果:与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清中ALT,AST,HA,LN,CⅣ和PCⅢ的水平明显升高,肝组织中Hy P的含量明显升高(P0.01),病理学结果显示模型组肝脏病理损伤程度较为明显,肝脏中胶原沉积较多;与CCl4模型组比较,苷泰胶囊能显著降低血清中ALT,AST,HA,LN,CⅣ和PCⅢ的水平(P0.05,P0.01),同时可使肝组织中Hy P的含量明显下降(P0.05,P0.01)。病理学结果显示苷泰胶囊能明显改善肝脏病理损伤程度,减少肝脏中胶原沉积。结论:苷泰胶囊能够有效地减轻CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化程度。     

红花总黄素对肝纤维化大鼠肝功能和相关血清指标的影响

目的：观察红花总黄素对肝纤维化大鼠肝功能和相关血清指标的影响,探讨红花总黄素抗肝纤维化作用。方法：将大鼠随机分成4组：每组10只：对照组,模型组,红花总黄素低、高剂量组。除正常组外,其余各组皮下注射CCl4制备肝纤维化大鼠模型,低、高剂量红花总黄素组灌胃相应剂量红花总黄素水溶液。检测各组大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总胆红素（Bil）、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（Alb）、透明质酸（HA）、层粘连蛋白（LN）、Ⅲ型前胶原（PCⅢ）和Ⅳ型胶原（CⅣ）含量。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清GPT、GOT、Bil、HA、LN、IV-C、PCⅢ水平明显升高（P〈0.01）,TP、ALB水平明显降低（P〈0.05）;与模型组比较,红花总黄素组大鼠血清Bil、GPT、GOT、HA、LN、IV-C、PCⅢ水平明显降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,TP、ALB水平明显升高（P〈0.05）。结论：红花总黄素能明显改善CCL4致肝纤维化大鼠肝功能和相关血清指标,具有抗肝纤维化作用。     

肝脉柔合剂对大鼠慢性肝损伤的影响

目的:研究肝脉柔合剂对慢性化学性肝损伤的防护作用,探讨作用机理.方法:采用CCl4复合因素致大鼠慢性肝损伤模型,观察试验药物对模型动物血清ALT、AST、TP、ALB及HA、PC-Ⅲ、LN、IV-C值的影响.结果:肝脉柔合剂能显著抑制CCl4所致的大鼠慢性肝损伤,抑制肝纤维化形成,降低血清ALT、AST值,降低血清HA、PC-Ⅲ、LN、IV-C值(P＜0.05).结论:肝脉柔合剂具有抗慢性肝损伤,抗肝纤维化,保肝降酶的作用.     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素

目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。     

Die Lateralität und Lateralitätsinstabilität in der Diagnostik und Therapie

The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.     

Yerba Mate or Paraguay Tea

正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin     

Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science Instructions for Authors

The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope （IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly）, is embodied by ＇Springer Verlag＇ Database, Index Copernicus （IC） and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data （CSTPCD）. You can search full text on http：//www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.     

Ethnopharmacologic study of chinese rhubarb

This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.     

基于ICP-MS法的加味左金丸中无机元素分析

目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS）法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中⁷Li、²³Na、²⁴Mg、²⁷Al、⁴⁰Ca、⁴⁸Ti、⁵¹V、⁵²Cr、⁵⁵Mn、⁵⁶Fe、⁵⁸Ni、⁵⁹Co、⁶³Cu、⁶⁶Zn、⁷⁰Ga、⁷⁵As、⁷⁷Se、⁸⁶Sr以⁷²Ge作为内标;⁹⁵Mo、¹¹⁴Cd、¹¹⁸Sn、¹²¹Sb、¹³⁷Ba以¹¹⁵In作为内标;²⁰²Hg、²⁰⁵Tl、²⁰⁸Pb以²⁰⁹Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。     

Wirksamkeit der Akupunktur bei der Therapie von idiopathischen Schmeckstörungen: Eine randomisierte Placebo-kontrollierte Studie

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.     

Erstaunliches Ergebnis einer Schädelakupunktur nach Yamamoto bei Hemihypsarrhythmie rechts

A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.     

Veränderungen der Herzratenvariabilität (HRV) während Low Level Lasernadelakupunktur: Placebokontrollierte Studie an 19 herzgesunden Probanden

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.