改良加藤厚涂片法检查山区血吸虫病效果的比较研究

1990年加藤厚涂片法和尼龙绢袋集卵孵化法使用同一粪便普查1651人,前者阳性率7.75%(128/1651）,明显低于后者的17.50%(289/1651),加藤法阳性者EPG10.31,其中孵化阳必者加藤法检出率为17.99%(52/289),1991年对241例孵化阳性者另收粪便作加藤法,检出率为45.23%(109/241)EPG为12.73。作者认为加藤法检出率和虫卵检出量的差异与检验员是否已知孵化结果有关,EPG为12.73.作者认为加藤法检出率的虫卵检出量的差异与检验员是否已知孵化结果有关,在质量控制中应予以足够的重视。     

三种粪检方法检出常见蠕虫卵效果的比较

蠕虫卵的粪检方法较多,为探讨适宜当地大面积开展肠道蠕虫病的查治工作,选择检出率既高又操作简便、经济实用的粪检方法,我们于1992年4月对邳县岱山乡宗庙村采用改良加藤氏法、饱和盐水漂浮法和试管滤纸培养法,对2 607份粪便样本作肠道蠕虫卵检查,并对检查结果进行了分析。材料和方法 1.改良加藤氏法和试管滤纸培养法均按照1988年“全国人体寄生虫调查计划”中规定的试剂配制和操作要求进行。 2.饱和盐水漂浮法采用塑料小圆杯按常规操作进     

Kato-Katz法用于诊断常见蠕虫感染的效果评价

Kato-Katz法,即甘油纸厚涂片透明法,亦称改良加藤氏法,最初由日本加藤、三浦二氏(1954)创用。Martin和Beaver(1968)采用粪便称重定量法或估计法,推荐该法作蠕虫卵计数。以后许多人对粪便定量的工具进行了不断改进。近年来,国内外许多学者对该法诊断蠕虫感染作了大量的研究工作,本文就其在日本血吸虫、华支睾吸虫、钩虫、蛔虫及鞭虫等常见蠕虫感染诊断应用中的效果作简要评价。一、日本血吸虫杨求吉(1984)对246人用同一·份粪便做改良加藤氏法(2张涂片)和一送一检孵化法检验,前法检出率     

Kato-Katz法涂片数与肠道蠕虫卵的检出效果

改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz法)是WHO推荐的肠道蠕虫卵检测方法,其操作简便且可进行定量分析,我国两次人体寄生虫抽样调查以及土源性线虫病监测等都使用该法.然而改良加藤厚涂片法检查粪量少,仅41.7mg,影响该法的敏感性.因此,改良加藤厚涂片法的漏检,特别是低感染度时的漏检一直是受关注的问题.改良加藤厚涂片法在进行定量研究时,计算每克粪便虫卵数(EPG)需根据不同涂片数乘以一定的系数,以不同涂片数计算出的EPG差异度有多少?为此,我们在土源性线虫病监测工作中使用Kato-Katz法3张涂片查病,并进行了统计分析,比较了不同涂片数的检出率及不同涂片数计算EPG结果的差异.     

饱和盐水漂浮法与Kato-Katz法检查肠道线虫卵的效果评价

肠道寄生虫感染检查方法有直接涂片法、饱和盐水漂浮法(以下简称漂浮法)、沉淀法、改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz法)等。其中Kato-Katz法为全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查推荐方法。但现场应用Kato-Katz法技术难度大，又需用特定的器材，而且容易漏检和误诊。为了探索一种敏感性高、操作简单、镜检速度快、经济实用的流行病学调查方法，作者对漂浮法与Kato-Katz法的粪便虫卵检出率进行了比较。     

饱和盐水漂浮法与Kato-Katz法检查肠道线虫卵的效果评价

肠道寄生虫感染检查方法有直接涂片法、饱和盐水漂浮法(以下简称漂浮法)、沉淀法、改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato Katz法)等[1] 。其中Kato Katz法为全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查推荐方法。但现场应用Kato Katz法技术难度大,又需用特定的器材,而且容易漏检和误诊。为了探索一种敏感性高、操作简单、镜检速度快、经济实用的流行病学调查方法,作者对漂浮法与Kato Katz法的粪便虫卵检出率进行了比较。材料与方法1　对象全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查统一抽点的黔江区黄溪鎮居民2 40人,粪便虫卵检查同时采用漂浮法与Kato Katz法。2　方法2 .1　漂…     

寿宁县农村中小学生驱治肠道寄生虫效果观察

寿宁县地处闽东山区,辖14个乡镇,2 0 2个行政村,10 44个自然村,总人口2 5 .6万。为探讨寿宁县农村中小学生肠道寄生虫防治措施,1999～2 0 0 3年在武曲镇、平溪乡、坑底乡、南阳镇所在地8所中小学校开展了肠道寄生虫试点查治和健康教育工作。1　内容和方法1.1　试点与对象　选择武曲镇、平溪乡、坑底乡、南阳镇所在地8所中小学校为试点,全部在校生为驱虫对象。1.2　检查方法1.2 .1　改良加藤厚涂片法　每年服药前收集学生粪便,用改良加藤厚涂片法检查蠕虫卵。1.2 .2　透明胶带肛门粘贴法　每年服药前用该法查蛲虫卵。1.3　健康教育　驱虫期间…     

改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫卵的检出效果

目的 分析改良加藤厚涂片法（Kato-Katz）1 送3 检中单次涂片检出率规律,并探索单次涂片检出率与粪便中虫卵密度的相互关系。方法 2006~2010 年,每年9~11 月在安徽省蒙城县监测点采集3周岁以上常住居民的粪便,采用改良加藤厚涂片法（1 送3 检）检查蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫卵;以片均虫卵数（eggs per slide,EPS）作为描述粪便虫卵密度的计算单位。对虫卵在3 张涂片中的各自出现概率进行分析和对比。结果 3 张涂片的虫卵出现率差异均无统计学意义。当EPS<2 时,单张涂片的虫卵平均出现率为52.26%;当EPS≥16 时,单张涂片虫卵出现率可达99.26%。结论 单张涂片的虫卵平均出现率与EPS 存在一定关联。     

改良加藤法对华枝睾吸虫卵的检出效果

对居民粪便普查阳性的华枝睾吸虫病人粪便同时作改良加藤法、倒置沉淀法、直接涂片法及醛醚法,又在现场以改良加藤法及倒置沉淀法普查中小学生,旨在观察改良加藤法对华枝睾吸虫卵的检出效果,现报告如下。     

粪检在血吸虫病低度流行区查病中的应用

目的 探讨粪便检查在血吸虫病低度流行区查病的现场应用价值。方法 选择一血吸虫病低度流行村，对6—65岁居民应用尼龙绢集卵孵化法和改良加藤氏法同时进行粪便检查，运用统计学方法对两者结果进行比较。结果 受检463人，孵化法阳性率为3．5％(17／463)，加藤法阳性率为1．9％(9／463)，经x^2测验，两法差异有显著性。本次调查，共查出粪检阳性18例，其中两法阳性8例，孵化法阳性加藤法阴性9例，加藤法阳性孵化法阴性1例，孵化法漏检率为5．6％(1／18)，加藤法漏检率为50．0％(9／18)，两法漏检率差异有非常显著性。结论 尼龙绢集卵孵化法比改良加藤氏法阳性检出率高，漏检率低，更适宜作为血吸虫病低度流行区查病的病原学诊断方法。     

Kato-Katz与醛醚法定性定量诊断血吸虫病的对比分析

【摘要】 目的  评价Kato-Katz与醛醚法检测日本血吸虫病定性与定量的效果。 方法  以Kato-Katz与醛醚法联合检出的38例日本血吸虫卵阳性患者的结果为金标准,将Kato-Katz与醛醚法的检测结果分别与金标准进行比较。 结果  Kato-Katz与醛醚法的虫卵阳性检出率分别为81.58%和89.47%,经四格表的确切概率法检验,差异无统计学意义(P＝0.795);阳性患者的平均EPG,Kato-Katz法为醛醚法的3.6倍;但Kato-Katz法的材料费与标本制作费比醛醚法低2.33倍。 结论  日本血吸虫卵的检出率Kato-Katz与醛醚法相近,但血吸虫病感染度,Kato-Katz法的EPG值远高于醛醚法,在进行血吸虫病的定量研究时,应采用醛醚法为宜。     

Cost Analysis of Tests for the Detection of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Children in Western Kenya

Financial resources tend to be limited in schistosomiasis endemic areas, forcing program managers to balance financial and scientific considerations when selecting detection assays. Therefore, we compared the costs of using single stool Kato-Katz, triplicate stool Kato-Katz, and point-of-contact circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) assays for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection. Economic and financial costs were estimated from the viewpoint of a schistosomiasis control program using the ingredients approach. Costs related to specimen collection, sample processing and analysis, and treatment delivery were considered. Analysis inputs and assumptions were tested using one-way and two-way sensitivity analysis. The total per-person cost of performing the single Kato-Katz, triplicate Kato-Katz, and POC-CCA was US$6.89, US$17.54, and US$7.26, respectively. Major cost drivers included labor, transportation, and supplies. In addition, we provide a costing tool to guide program managers in evaluating detection costs in specific settings, as costs may vary temporally and spatially.     

集卵直检法检测血吸虫病现场应用研究

目的为证安集卵直检法为高敏感的定量检测方法。方法在山丘型血吸虫病流行区对2160人进行集卵直检法与Kato－Katz法和集卵孵化法作现场应用的对比试验。结果集卵直接法检出率（13．10％）明显高于Kato－Katz法（8．29％）和集卵孵化法（7．36％），与后2种方法相比，样本感染度和感染率越低检测性能越佳。集卵直检法0．5g检测粪量工作效率较1g提高约1／5，建议用于EPG＞3的样本检测。每检测1人份样本的材料和人工费用为：集卵直检法2．05元，Kato－Katz法2．02元，集卵孵化法2．47元。结论集卵直检法镜下虫卵形态清晰，基层血防技术人员容易掌握。本研究结果显示，用集卵直检法替代国内常用的先定性再定量的筛病方案，检出率将提高78％，成本下降22％。     

不同检测方法对粪类圆线虫钩虫检出率的比较

目的用不同方法检查粪便中的粪类圆线虫和钩虫,掌握检测粪类圆线虫的方法。方法在云南省勐海县选择土源性线虫感染率相对高的自然村1个,以户为单位随机抽样,采用改良加藤法（Kato-Katz法）、Koga法和Baerm ann法3种粪便检查方法对粪样进行检查,每人送检粪样3次。结果粪类圆线虫阳性率Kato-Katz法为0,Koga法为11.72%,Baerm ann法为12.55%。钩虫阳性率Kato-Katz法为64.44%,Koga法为57.74%,Baerm ann法为4.60%。结论Baer-m ann法仅适用于粪类圆线虫检测,Koga法可用作钩虫和粪类圆线虫检测,而Kato-Katz法仅适用于钩虫检测。     

Independent evaluation of the Nigrosin-Eosin modification of the Kato-Katz technique

A new modified quantitative Kato-Katz thick-smear technique for the detection of helminth eggs in faeces preserves hookworm eggs unaltered for a long time, while with the classic Kato-Katz technique, they disappear after approximately 2 h in tropical climates and thus slides must be read within hours after sample collection. For an independent comparison of these two laboratory techniques, faecal smears from 263 school children were examined in two surveys and prevalence, intensity of infection and costs of surveys calculated. There was no statistical difference between the methods in detecting prevalence and stratification of the sample in different classes of intensity. While there was no statistical difference for the arithmetic mean of the epg for T. trichiura and only a small difference for A. lumbricoides (P=0.04), we observed a highly significant difference for hookworm mean intensities of infections (P<0.001). From the public health viewpoint both methods provided similar results, but due to its simplicity and widespread use the classical Kato-Katz technique remains first choice for community investigation of soil-transmitted nematodes. However, the Nigrosin-Eosin approach has several advantages and can be a valuable alternative in certain circumstances.     

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in long-term follow-up after curative gastric resection with D2 lymphadenectomy: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundExocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) can be a problem following gastrectomies. This study aimed to reveal the EPI prevalence and its possible causes in gastric cancer patients that underwent subtotal or total gastrectomy, with completed oncological treatments, and with long-term disease-free survival success. Additionally, we also sought to determine whether there were any relations between EPI and blood biomarkers, weight change, malnutrition parameters, and quality of life after gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 69 gastric cancer patients whose oncological treatments had already been completed, with a minimum follow-up period of 16 months, were included in the study. Fecal samples were taken from all patients for the Fecal Elastase-1 Test, and patients were stratified into three groups based on the results: low (<100 μg/g), moderate (100–200 μg/g), and normal (>200 μg/g). These results were compared with patients’ clinical characteristics, blood nutrition biomarkers, Maastricht indexes (MI), Bristol stool scale, and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) scores.ResultsFE-1 levels were low in 33 (47.8%) of the patients, moderate in 11 (15.9%), and normal in 25 (36.2%). The rate of patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the low FE-1 group was higher than the normal FE-1 and moderate FE-1 groups (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively). The serum total protein and lipase levels were lower in the low FE-1 group than in the normal FE-1 group (P = 0.023 and P < 0.001, respectively). When compared to the normal FE-1 group, the MI score of the low FE-1 group was higher (P = 0.018). The low FE-1 group had lower GIQLI gastrointestinal symptom scores than the normal FE-1 group (P = 0.046).ConclusionsDuring long-term follow-up, EPI can be seen in more than half of patients with gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy. Radiotherapy as an adjunct to adjuvant treatment in the postoperative period is considered a serious risk factor for EPI development. EPI contributes to malnutrition development after gastrectomy and negatively affects the patients’ quality of life, especially in terms of gastrointestinal symptoms.     

改良加藤法普查日本血吸虫病的效果评价

目的评价改良加藤法在血吸虫病大规模现场普查中的实施效果。方法在湖北、江西、江苏、四川和云南5省流行区随机选择8个调查点,用ELISA法进行血清学筛查,对阳性反应者,同时采用尼龙绢集卵孵化法(粪孵法)和改良加藤法进行病原学检查。以尼龙绢集卵孵化法为金标准,估算改良加藤法漏检率。结果ELISA法共筛查9853人,阳性2824人。采用改良加藤法和尼龙绢集卵孵化法共检查3853人,调查点的感染率在0.10%~11.77%之间,两法检出阳性508人,其中加藤阳性355人,粪孵阳性456人。改良加藤法的漏检率为30.12%,粪孵法的漏检率为10.24%。8个调查点疫情分轻、重度两组,两组改良加藤法漏检率分别为64.34%及18.47%,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论不同地区大规模现场查病,单一使用改良加藤法漏检率偏高,联合运用改良加藤法和粪孵检查可提高血吸虫卵的检出率。     

Comparison of a polymerase chain reaction and the Kato-Katz technique for diagnosing infection with Schistosoma mansoni

Fecal samples from 194 individuals living in an area of Brazil endemic for Schistosoma mansoni were analyzed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the Kato-Katz parasitologic examination. Statistical analysis of the results showed a kappa index of 0.8 between the two methods. The prevalence of infection was 30.9% in three fecal samples examined by the Kato-Katz method, but 38.1% in one fecal sample examined by the PCR technique. Repeated survey of discordant results showed that five (41.6%) of 12 parasitologically negative cases for which PCR gave positive results were misdiagnosed by Kato-Katz examinations. The PCR technique showed a sensitivity of 96.7% and a specificity of 88% when the parasitologic examination was used as the reference test. The efficacy of cure with praziquantel was 87.8% in three parasitologic stool examinations and 75.6% in one PCR survey. These results demonstrate that the PCR assay might be a valuable alternative for diagnosing Schistosoma infections.     

金标渗滤法快速检测血吸虫循环抗原的现场应用研究

将抗重组蛋白ＳＶＬＢＰ－ＩｇＧ用于ＤＩＧＦＡ检测２２２１例血清中血吸虫循环抗原,其中急性血吸虫病人血清７０份,慢性血吸虫病人血清３０７份,循环抗原检出率分别为１００％和６８．４％。非流行区健康人血清２００份,未见阳性反应。除肺吸虫外,与其它寄生虫或非寄生虫感染病人血清无明显交叉反应。用ＤＩＧＦＡ单盲法检测２批血清,结果显示对急性血吸虫病人的敏感性均为１００％;对慢性血吸虫病人的敏感性分别为６９．４