2007-2012年上海市结核病耐药趋势分析

目的 回顾性分析2007-2012年上海市结核病耐药情况及流行趋势.方法 收集2007 2012年上海市结核病新登记患者的痰培养阳性菌株12 221株,进行一线抗结核药物（异烟肼、利福平、链霉素、乙胺丁醇）敏感性试验和菌种鉴定,对鉴定为结核分枝杆菌复合群的10 979株菌株进行药敏结果分析,分析耐药情况及流行趋势,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析影响耐药和耐多药的相关因素.结果 10 979株结核分枝杆菌总耐药率为23.0 ％（2522/10 979）,初治患者耐药率为20.4％（1981/9702）,复治患者耐药率为42.4％（541/1277）;总耐多药率为5.3％（587/10 979）,初治患者耐多药率为3.4％（328/9702）,复治患者耐多药率为20.3 ％（259/1277）.近6年总耐药率和复治患者耐药率均无上升趋势（x2趋势值分别是2.38和0.23,P值均＞0.05）;初治患者耐药率有上升趋势（x2趋势＝9.02,P＜0.05）,总耐多药率、初治和复治患者耐多药率均无上升趋势（x2趋势值分别为0.33、1.67、0.48,P值均＞0.05）.多因素logistic回归分析显示,复治患者更易产生耐药（OR=3.080,95％CI=2.717～3.492,P＜0.05）和耐多药（OR=7.781,95 ％CI=6.481～9.341,P＜0.05）,41～≤60岁年龄组患者与耐药（OR=1.270,95 ％CI=1.045～1.544,P＜0.05）和耐多药（OR=1.669,95 ％CI=1.064～2.620,P＜0.05）有关.结论 2007-2012年上海市结核病总耐药率和总耐多药率无上升趋势,复治与耐药和耐多药有显著相关.     

我国东部农村五县耐药结核病流行及其社会学和生物学的危险因素

目的 了解我国东部农村五县耐药结核病的流行水平,分析影响耐药结核病流行的生物、人口和社会学危险因素.方法 以我国东部山东省、江苏省和浙江省农村地区5个县(区)结核病防治所2008年至2009年登记的所有初治和复治的结核病患者为研究对象,收集痰标本、培养分离菌株,并进行问卷调查;对培养获得的结核菌株采用比例法进行一线抗结核药物(利福平、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇和链霉素)的药物敏感试验.以Mantel-Haenszel卡方检验、Fisher精确概率法、方差分析以及非条件Logistic回归方法分析资料.结果 在获得的380株结核菌株中,共有105株为耐药菌株,总耐药率为27.6％.初始耐多药结核病率和获得性耐多药结核病率分别为8.4％和23.3％.对研究对象所在区县、性别进行调整后发现,患者即往治疗史(OR=3.900,95％ CI:1.737～8.704)、肺部空洞(OR=1.987,95％CI:1.001～3.942)以及年龄较大(OR=1.020,95％CI:1.010～1.045)与耐多药结核病发生有关.结论 我国东部沿海地区结核病患者的耐药结核病和耐多药结核病患病率高于国际平均水平,但低于国内平均水平.既往治疗史和肺部空洞与耐多药结核病发生有关,年龄较大的结核病患者发生耐多药结核病的危险性较高.     

4721例住院肺结核患者耐药状况及危险因素分析

目的 回顾性分析西安市结核病胸部肿瘤医院结核病患者中结核分枝杆菌耐药状况及危险因素.方法 2008年1月至2012年12月在西安市结核病胸部肿瘤医院就诊的4721例痰培养阳性住院结核病患者,分为“初治”和“复治”患者两组,初治患者4238例（89.77％）,复治患者483例（10.23％）.对这些患者的临床分离株4种一线抗结核药物链霉素（S）、异烟肼（H）、利福平（R）、乙胺丁醇（E）的耐药情况进行分析,用间接绝对浓度法进行药物敏感性试验,采用Excel建立数据库,采用SPSS 16.0统计学软件进行统计学分析,危险因素分析采用logis-tic回归分析,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 4721例痰培养阳性患者,总耐药率为31.71％（149/4721）,初治耐药率为27.35％（1159/4238）,复治耐药率为69.98％（338/483）;总体耐多药率为12.20 ％ （576/4721）,初治和复治耐多药率分别为7.74％（328/4238）,51.35％ （248/483）.4种一线抗结核药物的耐药率由高到低分别是H（23.85％,1126/4721）、S（21.75％,1027/4721）、R（12.86％,607/4721）、E（6.93％,327/4721）.耐药类型中,以耐1种药（12.71 ％,600/4721）和耐2种药（9.53％,450/4721）为主.20～岁和40～岁年龄组的耐药率和耐多药率分别为31.13％和11.13％ 、39.86％和18.65％,以＜20岁为对照,x2值分别为12.67和11.31、43.20和38.28,P值均＜0.05,OR值（95％CI）分别为1.4（1.1～1.7）和1.4（1.0～2.1）、2.2（1.7～2.8）和3.2（2.2～4.6）;复治组的耐药率和耐多药率为69.98％和51.35％,以初治组为对照,x2值分别为274.48和715.3,P值均＜0.05,OR值（95％CI）分别为5.9（4.9～7.4）和13.7（10.9～17.2）;未接受DO TS组的耐多药率为11.29％,以接受DOTS组为对照,x2值为11.63,P＜0.05,OR值（95 ％CI）为1.4（1.1～1.6）.结论 西安市结核病胸部肿瘤医院就诊的痰培养阳性的肺结核患者耐药率较高,20～＜60岁的患者及复治患者发生耐药和耐多药的概率较高,未接受DOTS策略的患者发生耐多药的概率较高.     

我国耐药结核病的危险因素——2007年全国结核病耐药基线调查资料分析

目的 探索新登记、复治患者发生耐药、耐多药结核病的危险因素。 方法2007年4-12月中国进行了全国结核病耐药基线调查,调查覆盖全国31个省、自治区和直辖市,以省分层,采用多阶段整群抽样方法从全国结核病防治系统中随机抽取70个调查点,调查期间每个调查点纳入新登记涂阳新患者51例和复治患者17例。临床医师采用信息表收集患者的相关信息,通过当面询问患者填写治疗史信息,如有可能查阅患者医疗记录进行确认,治疗信息的准确性经另一位临床医师再次询问患者进行复核。采用比例法进行药敏试验,检测药物包括异烟肼、利福平、链霉素、乙胺丁醇、卡那霉素和氧氟沙星。 结果 多因素分析结果表明,对于新登记、治疗时间少于1个月(OR=1.6, 95% CI＝1.1～2.1)发生耐药结核病的风险较高;而女性（OR=1.4, 95% CI＝1.0～2.1）和进行过结核病药物治疗（OR=2.4, 95% CI＝1.5～3.7）是发生耐多药结核病的危险因素。对于复治患者,女性（OR=1.7,95% CI＝1.1～2.7）、既往有过2次及以上治疗且最近1次在结核病专科医院治疗（OR=4.0, 95% CI＝1.2～14.0）发生耐药结核病的风险较高;而女性（OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.5～3.6）、生活在实施DOTS较晚（2000年以后）的地区（OR=1.7, 95% CI＝1.2～2.4）、既往有过2次及以上治疗且最近1次在结核病专科医院外的其他医疗机构治疗（OR=3.3, 95% CI＝2.1～5.2）、既往有过2次及以上治疗且最近1次在结核病专科医院治疗（OR=13.0, 95% CI＝3.9～46.0）是产生耐多药结核病的危险因素。 结论 进行过结核病治疗的新登记产生耐药、耐多药结核病的风险较高;患者为女性、既往有过2次及以上的结核病治疗史是复治患者产生耐药、耐多药结核病的危险因素。     

深圳市流动人口肺结核耐药情况及相关因素分析

目的 了解深圳市流动人口肺结核耐药情况及主要影响因素,为完善流动人口结核病防控策略提供科学依据。 方法 将深圳市2010年确诊登记的682例流动人口痰培养阳性肺结核患者（初治595例,复治87例）作为研究对象,进行菌种鉴定和4种一线抗结核药物敏感性试验;并通过现场问卷调查收集相关信息,采取logistic回归分析获得流动人口肺结核患者耐药的主要影响因素。 结果682例结核分枝杆菌感染的流动人口涂阳肺结核患者中,总耐药率为17.74%（121/682）,其中初治耐药率15.29%（91/595）,复治耐药率34.48%（30/87）;耐多药率为5.87%（40/682）,其中初治耐多药率4.20%（25/595）,复治耐多药率17.24%（15/87）;单耐药率为9.24%（63/682）;多耐药率为2.64%（18/682）。4种药物的耐药率顺位依次是链霉素、异烟肼、利福平和乙胺丁醇。复治患者的耐药率显著高于初治患者（χ²=19.15,P＜0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性（OR=1.623,95%CI=1.023～2.598,P＜0.05）、复治患者（OR=3.648,95%CI=2.133～6.237,P＜0.01）和有中断治疗史的患者（OR=2.847,95%CI=1.718～4.718,P＜0.01）与耐药性之间存在相关性,差异有统计学意义。 结论 深圳市流动人口肺结核总体耐药率和耐多药率相对较高,女性、复治化疗史和初治中断治疗是流动人口耐药肺结核的主要影响因素。     

上海地区结核分枝杆菌分离株对一线和二线抗结核药物的耐药性分析

目的 了解结核分枝杆菌分离株对一线和二线抗结核药物的耐药性。方法 收集2008年1月至2009年3月采用Bactec-MGIT 960检测的518株结核分枝杆菌,分析药物敏感试验结果。数据行x2检验。结果518株结核分枝杆菌菌株对一线和二线抗结核药物全敏感168株,占32.44％;耐药350株,占67.56％;单耐药72株,占13.90％;耐两种药24株,占4.63％;耐三种及以上药254株,占49.03％。217株为耐多药菌株,占所有病例的41.89％。65株为广泛耐药菌株,占所有病例的12.55％,占耐多药菌的29.95％。在一线药物中,耐异烟肼有278株,耐药率达53.67％;二线药物中,耐氧氟沙星有206株,耐药率达39.77％。433例复治患者任一药物耐药率、耐多药率和广泛耐药率分别为72.05％、46.42％和13.86％,均高于初治患者的44.70％、18.82％和5.88％（x2 =24.253,x2=22.229,x2=4.117,均P＜0.01）。结论 上海地区结核病专科医院结核分枝杆菌分离株的耐药率高,且耐多药与广泛耐药率也较高,在复治患者中耐药情况更严重。     

上海市流动人口的结核病耐药状况及相关因素分析

目的了解上海市流动人口的结核病耐药状况及相关因素，为制定流动人口的结核病控制策略提供依据。方法将上海市各区县结核病定点医院2004年2月至2005年1月诊治的流动人口中所有新发及复治的痰培养阳性肺结核病例作为研究对象，并对所有分离培养阳性菌株进行菌型鉴定及利福平、异烟肼、链霉素及乙胺丁醇敏感性测试，分析流动人口耐药结核病的流行状况及相关因素。结果共入选493例培养阳性肺结核患者，最后获得431例（占87．4％）患者的菌型鉴定及药敏结果，其中结核分枝杆菌427例（占99．1％），非结核分枝杆菌4例（占0．9％）。肺结核患者的总耐药率为18．3％（78／427），耐多药率为5．9％（25／427）；新发患者的耐药率为16．0％（62／387），耐多药率为4．1％（16／387）；复治患者的耐药率为40．0％（16／40），耐多药率为22．5％（9／40）。经单因素及多因素分析，45—60岁年龄组及复治病例是耐药及耐多药结核病的相关因素。结论上海市流动人口的结核病耐药率较高，今后要根据流动人口的特点加强防治措施。     

山东省结核分枝杆菌的耐药流行状况

目的 分析山东省MTB耐药流行状况,并与1997年的监测结果相比较,为制定耐药结核病控制措施提供科学依据.方法 对2004年10月至2011年12月山东省结核病耐药监测哨点送检的5916例涂阳肺结核痰培养阳性标本进行一线抗结核药物敏感性试验,有检测结果的为5542例,其中男4198例,女1344例;年龄15 ～ 92岁,平均(51±20)岁,≤29岁组1304例,30 ～ 59岁组2106例,≥60岁组2132例;初治4332例(占78.2％),复治1210例(占21.8％).各组间率的比较采用x2检验.结果 山东省MTB总耐药率为19.4％(1075/5542),较1997年的总耐药率(23.4％,288/1229)有明显下降(x2=10.193,P＜0.01).单耐药率、耐多药率和多耐药率分别为11.3％(629/5542)、3.7％(203/5542)和4.4％ (243/5542);初治患者耐药率为19.0％(822/4332),其中62.7％(515/822)的初治耐药患者为单耐药;复治患者耐药率为20.9％ (253/1210),其中54.9％(139/253)的复治耐药患者为耐多药或多耐药;耐药患者单耐药率为58.5％(629/1075),初治患者占76.5％(822/1075);初治患者耐多药率为2.9％ (124/4332),复治患者耐多药率为6.5％(79/1210),差异有统计学意义(x2 =36.032,P ＜0.01);男性与女性的耐药率分别为19.9％(834/4198)和17.9％(241/1344),初治耐药率分别为19.5％(641/3287)和17.3％(181/1045),复治耐药率分别为21.2％(193/911)和20.1％(60/299),差异均无统计学意义(x2值为0.170 ～2.452,均P＞0.05).结论 近年山东省的耐药结核病控制工作成效显著,MTB耐药以初治患者为主,因此耐药结核病控制工作应注重早期发现、有效治疗和加强管理,以控制耐药MTB的传播.     

厦门市肺结核耐药流行情况及相关因素分析

目的了解近年来厦门市肺结核患者耐药现状,分析影响耐药结核病产生的因素,以期为制定本地区行之有效的结核病防控措施提供科学的参考依据。方法采用横断面调查,对2011年7月1日至2012年6月30日在厦门市各结核病定点医院门诊登记的所有痰涂片阳性的肺结核患者共776例进行调查。收集患者的基本情况和诊疗信息。收集痰标本培养,培养阳性菌株采用比例法进行药物敏感性试验（异烟肼、利福平、链霉素、乙胺丁醇等）;采用对硝基苯甲酸（PNB）培养法鉴定结核分枝杆菌复合群。排除痰菌培养阴性,菌株污染和非结核分枝杆菌感染47例,最终获得药物敏感性试验结果的729例。利用SPSS18．0软件中非条件logistic回归模型分析结核病耐药发生的可能影响因素。结果厦门市总耐药率为27．2％（198／729）,总耐多药率为9．7％（71／729）,初治耐药率为23．4％（134／573）,复治耐药率为41．0％（64／156）,初治耐多药率为7．3％（42／573）,复治耐多药率为18．6％（29／156）;对四种抗结核药物的耐药率最高的为异烟肼16．5％（120／729）,最低的为乙胺丁醇6．9％（50／729）;复治患者的耐药率显著高于初治患者（X2值为19．286,P〈0．01）,是耐药结核病的危险因素（OR=2．154,95％CI=1．467-3．163,Wald X^2=15．319,P〈0．001）。结论厦门市耐药结核病疫情不容乐观,复治化疗史是耐药结核病产生的重要影响因素。     

耐多药结核病的现状与对策

近10年,耐多药结核病全球形势严峻,2009年的监测结果 显示:初治肺结核患者耐多药率为0.0%～28.3%,复治肺结核患者耐多药率为0.0%～61.6%.我国是全球耐多药结核病高负担国家之一,耐多药和超级耐药结核病患者数均列世界首位.对此,最重要的是对其加强监测和进行准确诊断,强调早期合理用药和个体化的全程直接督导化...     

A Call to Action to Enhance Filovirus Disease Outbreak Preparedness and Response

The frequency and magnitude of recognized and declared filovirus-disease outbreaks have increased in recent years, while pathogenic filoviruses are potentially ubiquitous throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Meanwhile, the efficiency and effectiveness of filovirus-disease outbreak preparedness and response efforts are currently limited by inherent challenges and persistent shortcomings. This paper delineates some of these challenges and shortcomings and provides a proposal for enhancing future filovirus-disease outbreak preparedness and response. The proposal serves as a call for prompt action by the organizations that comprise filovirus-disease outbreak response teams, namely, Ministries of Health of outbreak-prone countries, the World Health Organization, Médecins Sans Frontières, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—Atlanta, and others.     

Interplay between interferon-mediated innate immunity and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Innate immunity is the first line of defense against viral infection, and in turn, viruses have evolved to evade host immune surveillance. As a result, viruses may persist in host and develop chronic infections. Type I interferons (IFN-α/β) are among the most potent antiviral cytokines triggered by viral infections. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a disease of pigs that is characterized by negligible induction of type I IFNs and viral persistence for an extended period. For IFN production, RIG-I/MDA5 and JAK-STAT pathways are two major signaling pathways, and recent studies indicate that PRRS virus is armed to modulate type I IFN responses during infection. This review describes the viral strategies for modulation of type I IFN responses. At least three non-structural proteins (Nsp1, Nsp2, and Nsp11) and a structural protein (N nucleocapsid protein) have been identified and characterized to play roles in the IFN suppression and NF-κB pathways. Nsp's are early proteins while N is a late protein, suggesting that additional signaling pathways may be involved in addition to the IFN pathway. The understanding of molecular bases for virus-mediated modulation of host innate immune signaling will help us design new generation vaccines and control PRRS.     

Control of intraabdominal hemorrhage and shock: a comparison of fluid resuscitation, MAST, and balloon occlusion

Our study examined the efficacy of four treatment modalities in controlling hemorrhage and achieving hemodynamic stabilization in hemorrhagic shock: intravenous fluid replacement (IV); military antishock trousers used concomitantly with fluids (MAST); balloon occlusion at the level of the diaphragm with concomitant fluid replacement (balloon); and a combination of MAST inflation, balloon occlusion, and fluid resuscitation (MAST and balloon). Twenty-eight mongrel dogs were anesthetized, and the spleen was exposed and completely crushed. The abdomen was closed, and treatment was initiated and continued for four hours or until the dog died. For all conditions the hematocrit dropped during the course of the experiment; balloon occlusion was effective at slowing this drop (P less than .0001), but MAST had no statistically significant effect. Animals with balloons bled more slowly into the abdominal cavity than did animals in the other two groups (P less than .0001). MAST also were effective at slowing the bleeding (P less than .05). Of the balloon and the MAST and balloon dogs, all except one survived the entire four hours; this difference between balloon and nonballoon dogs is significant (P = .002). MAST did not have a statistically significant effect on survival. Perfusion pressure (PP) declined during the course of the experiment, and the balloon was effective at slowing this decline (P less than .0001); none of the other comparisons was statistically significant.     

Routine diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease in Southern India

AIM:To investigate whether routinely measured clinical variables could aid in differentiating intestinal tuberculosis(ITB)from Crohn’s disease(CD).METHODS:ITB and CD patients were prospectively included at four South Indian medical centres from October 2009 to July 2012.Routine investigations included case history,physical examination,blood biochemistry,ileocolonoscopy and histopathological examination of biopsies.Patients were followed-up after 2 and 6 mo of treatment.The diagnosis of ITB or CD was re-evaluated after 2 mo of antituberculous chemotherapy or immune suppressive therapy respectively,based on improvement in signs,symptoms and laboratory variables.This study was considered to be an exploratory analysis.Clinical,endoscopic and histopathological features recorded at the time of inclusion were subject to univariate analyses.Disease variables with sufficient number of recordings and P<0.05 were entered into logistic regression models,adjusted for known confounders.Finally,we calculated the odds ratios with respective confidence intervals for variables associated with either ITB or CD.RESULTS:This study included 38 ITB and 37 CD patients.Overall,ITB patients had the lowest body mass index(19.6 vs 22.7,P=0.01)and more commonly reported weight loss(73%vs 38%,P<0.01),watery diarrhoea(64%vs 33%,P=0.01)and rural domicile(58%vs 35%,P<0.05).Endoscopy typically showed mucosal nodularity(17/31 vs 2/37,P<0.01)and histopathology more frequently showed granulomas(10/30vs 2/35,P<0.01).The CD patients more frequently reported malaise(87%vs 64%,P=0.03),nausea(84%vs 56%,P=0.01),pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant on examination(90%vs 54%,P<0.01)and urban domicile(65%vs 42%,P<0.05).In CD,endoscopy typically showed involvement of multiple intestinal segments(27/37 vs 9/31,P<0.01).Using logistic regression analysis we found weight loss and nodularity of the mucosa were independently associated with ITB,with adjusted odds ratios of 8.6(95%CI:2.1-35.6)and 18.9(95%CI:3.5-102.8)respectively.Right lower abdominal quadrant pain on examination and involvement of≥3 intestinal segments were independently associated with CD with adjusted odds ratios of 10.1(95%CI:2.0-51.3)and 5.9(95%CI:1.7-20.6),respectively.CONCLUSION:Weight loss and mucosal nodularity were associated with ITB.Abdominal pain and excessive intestinal involvement were associated with CD.ITB and CD were equally common.     

Second and third line treatment options for Helicobacter pylori eradication

Helicobacter pylori is a highly successful bacterium with a high global prevalence and the infection carries significant disease burden. It is also becoming increasingly difficult to eradicate and the main reason for this is growing primary antibiotic resistance rates in a world where antibiotics are frequently prescribed and readily available. Despite knowing much more about the bacterium since its discovery, such as its genomic makeup and pathogenesis, we have seen declining treatment success. Therefore, clinicians today must be prepared to face one, two or even multiple treatment failures, and should be equipped with sufficient knowledge to decide on the appropriate salvage therapy when this happens. This article discusses the factors contributing to treatment failure and reviews the second and thirdline treatment strategies that have been investigated. Established empiric second line treatment options include both bismuth based quadruple therapy and levofloxacin based triple therapy. Antibiotic testing is recommended prior to initiating third line treatment. In the event that antibiotic susceptibility testing is unavailable, third line treatment options include rifabutin, rifaximin and sitafloxacin based therapies.     

Disease Pandemics and Major Epidemics Arising From New Encounters between Indigenous Viruses and Introduced Crops

Virus disease pandemics and epidemics that occur in the world’s staple food crops pose a major threat to global food security, especially in developing countries with tropical or subtropical climates. Moreover, this threat is escalating rapidly due to increasing difficulties in controlling virus diseases as climate change accelerates and the need to feed the burgeoning global population escalates. One of the main causes of these pandemics and epidemics is the introduction to a new continent of food crops domesticated elsewhere, and their subsequent invasion by damaging virus diseases they never encountered before. This review focusses on providing historical and up-to-date information about pandemics and major epidemics initiated by spillover of indigenous viruses from infected alternative hosts into introduced crops. This spillover requires new encounters at the managed and natural vegetation interface. The principal virus disease pandemic examples described are two (cassava mosaic, cassava brown streak) that threaten food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and one (tomato yellow leaf curl) doing so globally. A further example describes a virus disease pandemic threatening a major plantation crop producing a vital food export for West Africa (cacao swollen shoot). Also described are two examples of major virus disease epidemics that threaten SSA’s food security (rice yellow mottle, groundnut rosette). In addition, brief accounts are provided of two major maize virus disease epidemics (maize streak in SSA, maize rough dwarf in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions), a major rice disease epidemic (rice hoja blanca in the Americas), and damaging tomato tospovirus and begomovirus disease epidemics of tomato that impair food security in different world regions. For each pandemic or major epidemic, the factors involved in driving its initial emergence, and its subsequent increase in importance and geographical distribution, are explained. Finally, clarification is provided over what needs to be done globally to achieve effective management of severe virus disease pandemics and epidemics initiated by spillover events.     

岳阳市城区小学生血吸虫病防治健康教育现状调查

目的 调查湖南省岳阳市城区小学生血吸虫病防治知识、行为现状及健康教育需求情况,为制定科学有效的小学生血吸虫病健康教育方案提供参考依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取岳阳市城区洞庭湖湖畔学校和中心城区学校各2所,每所再从五、六年级分别抽取2个班的学生,通过调查问卷了解小学生血吸虫病相关知识、预防行为及健康教育需求,并进行统计分析。结果 共调查湖畔小学353人、中心城区小学363人,两组学校小学生年龄、性别、年级构成差异无统计学意义（t=-0.494,χ²_性别=1.615,χ²_年级=2.152;P均>0.05）。学生血吸虫病防治知识总知晓率为42.60%（305/716）,其中,湖畔学校小学生血防知识知晓率（52.97%）高于中心城区（32.51%）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=30.661,P<0.05）;学生行为正确率为76.68%（549/716）,血防知识知晓组行为正确率（81.31%）高于不知晓组（71.24%）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.384,P<0.05）。学生血防知识主要来源于老师（47.49%）;91.90%的学生愿意了解更多的血防知识,最喜欢的血防知识学习方式是参加课外活动（50.42%）。结论 岳阳市城区小学生的血防知识知晓率及行为正确率偏低,对血吸虫病防治健康教育需求较高。建议针对学生开展形式多样的血防健康教育,以增强学生的血吸虫病防护意识,提高自我防护能力。