吲哚美辛预防经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的临床研究

目的 探讨吲哚美辛对ERCP术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的预防作用.方法 将拟施行ERCP手术的600例患者随机表法分为吲哚美辛组、奥曲肽组和安慰剂对照组,每组200例,观察其术前、术后24 h血清淀粉酶水平,并评估ERCP术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症发生率及预后.结果 3组患者ERCP术前血清淀粉酶均为正常值.ERCP术后24h血清淀粉酶水平,吲哚美辛组[(101.3±77.7)U/L]低于奥曲肽组[(176.6±138.3)U/L]及对照组[(227.2±264.9) U/L],差异均有统计学意义(P=0.040,P=0.048);奥曲肽组低于对照组,但差异没有显著意义(P＞0.05).ERCP术后胰腺炎发生率,吲哚美辛组(2.5％)低于对照组(9.5％),差异有显著性意义(P=0.003);奥曲肽组(4.5％)低于对照组,但无统计学差异(P=0.05).ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症发生率,吲哚美辛组(5.5％)低于对照组(13.5％),差异有显著性意义(P=0.006);奥曲肽组(10.0％)低于对照组,但差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 ERCP术前应用吲哚美辛可有效降低胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的发生率.     

吲哚美辛预防经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的效果

目的探讨预防性使用吲哚美辛治疗经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后胰腺炎(PEP)及高淀粉酶血症的效果及安全性。方法按既定标准入选接受ERCP诊治患者243例,随机分为吲哚美辛组(81例)、奥曲肽组(78例)和安慰剂组(84例),观察记录各组患者术前、术后3、24 h的血清淀粉酶水平,并评估患者ERCP术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的发生率。结果三组患者ERCP术前的血清淀粉酶均在正常范围内。吲哚美辛组〔(99.12±44.58)U/L〕和奥曲肽组〔(100.27±43.31)U/L〕患者ERCP术后24 h血清淀粉酶水平均低于对照组〔(195.45±89.67)U/L〕(均P<0.05),但吲哚美辛组和奥曲肽组比较,二者无明显差异。三组患者ERCP术后胰腺炎发生率,吲哚美辛组(4.94%)和奥曲肽组(5.13%)均低于安慰剂组(15.48%)(均P<0.05),但吲哚美辛组与奥曲肽组相比无明显差异。ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症发生率,吲哚美辛组(2.47%)、奥曲肽组(1.28%)均低于安慰剂组(13.61%),差异有或接近显著性意义,而吲哚美辛组和奥曲肽组之间无明显差异。结论 ERCP术前经直肠给予吲哚美辛可有效降低老年ERCP术后PEP和高淀粉酶血症的发生率,并且效果与奥曲肽相比无明显差异,但具有较好的性价比,安全性高。     

奥曲肽联合吲哚美辛预防胆总管结石患者ERCP术后胰腺炎的效果

目的探讨奥曲肽联合吲哚美辛预防胆总管结石患者ERCP术后胰腺炎的效果。方法收取2013年1月至2016年1月我院收治的拟行ERCP术的胆总管结石患者79例作为研究对象,随机分为观察组40例与对照组39例。对照组在常规支持治疗的基础上给予奥曲肽,观察组在对照组基础上加用吲哚美辛治疗。比较两组患者手术前后血清淀粉酶、C反应蛋白表达情况,手术前后VAS疼痛评分以及术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症发生情况。结果两组患者ERCP术后两组血清淀粉酶、C反应蛋白及术后疼痛评分均较术前显著升高,有统计学差异,且对照组明显高于观察组(P0.05)。观察组术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症发生率明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论奥曲肽联合吲哚美辛可有效减少术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症发生率,是胆总管结石患者ERCP术后胰腺炎安全有效的预防措施。     

奥曲肽预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的临床研究

为探讨奥曲肽对ERCP术后一过性高淀粉酶血症及急性胰腺炎的预防作用,我们观察了奥曲肽对276例ERCP术后患者血清淀粉酶并发胰腺炎的影响,现报告如下:拟施行ERCP患者共276例,男     

静脉滴注丹参注射液预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症及急性胰腺炎的临床研究

目的探讨丹参注射液预防内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后高淀粉酶血症及胰腺炎的临床疗效。方法将100例胆总管结石需行ERCP术患者,随机分为观察组50例和对照组50例,两组患者ERCP术后给予常规鼻胆引流、抗感染、抑制胰酶分泌等治疗,观察组于ERCP术前及术后1 d,给予丹参注射液250 mL,2次/d,静脉滴注。分别于术前、术后3 h、24 h检测两组患者的血淀粉酶、脂肪酶水平、术后24 h CRP。统计术后高淀粉酶血症、胰腺炎发生率。结果两组患者术后3 h、24 h血淀粉酶明显高于术前,但观察组术后3 h、24 h血淀粉酶低于对照组同期水平(P0.05);观察组患者高淀粉酶血症发生率为42%(21/50),术后胰腺炎发生率为0%(0/50),对照组高淀粉酶血症发生率为80%(40/50),术后胰腺炎发生率为8%(4/50)。结论丹参注射液对ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症、胰腺炎有一定的预防作用。     

联合应用奥美拉唑和奥曲肽对ERCP术后胰腺炎的预防作用

目的 探讨质子泵抑制剂(奥美拉唑)预防诊疗性ERCP术后急性胰腺炎(AP)及高淀粉酶血症的临床效果.方法 250例ERCP操作成功的病例按数字表法随机分成对照组(126例)和治疗组(124例).在ERCP术后立即给予奥曲肽的基础上,治疗组给予静脉注射40 mg奥美拉唑注射液,12 h重复注射一次,对照组给予同等体积生理盐水.检测两组术后4、24 h血清淀粉酶及TNF-α的含量,观察术后胰腺炎的发生率.结果 两组患者在年龄、性别、ERCP操作时间和治疗性操作比例上均无显著统计学差异.治疗组术后4、24 h血清淀粉酶及TNF-α含量分别为(221±31)U/L、(181±39)U/L、(0.264±0.052)ng/ml和(0.257±0.071)ng/ml,显著低于对照组的(272±32)U/L、(227±30)U/L、(0.372±0.047)ng/ml和(0.422±0.026)ng/ml(P<0.05).治疗组胰腺炎发病率为1.6%,显著低于对照组的6.5%(P=0.04).结论 联合应用奥美拉唑和奥曲肽可以更有效地预防ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症和AP的发生.     

加贝酯预防ERCP术后胰腺炎的临床研究

目的探讨加贝酯预防ERCP术后胰腺炎、胰性腹痛和高淀粉酶血症的疗效和安全性。方法按随机双盲法将拟行ERCP术的患者分为加贝酯组和对照组。加贝酯组患者在ERCP术前0．5h起开始静脉滴注加贝酯(300mg加入林格氏液500ml),维持4．5h。对照组则仅静脉滴注林格氏液500ml,也维持4．5h。结果共有94例患者完成研究,其中加贝酯组48例,对照组46例。加贝酯组有3例(6．3％)、对照组有9例(19．6％)患者发生了胰腺炎(P=0．040)；高淀粉酶血症的发生率两组分别为12例(25．0％)和21例(45．7％)(P=0．036)；胰性腹痛的发生率两组分别为5例(10．4％)和14例(30．4％)(P=0．016)。结论以加贝酯总量300mg持续4．5h静脉滴注(术前0．5h起给药)较安慰剂能有效减少ERCP术后胰腺炎发生率,减少高淀粉酶血症及胰性腹痛的发生。     

加贝酯预防ERCP术后胰腺炎的临床研究

目的探讨加贝酯预防ERCP术后胰腺炎、胰性腹痛和高淀粉酶血症的疗效和安全性.方法按随机双盲法将拟行ERCP术的患者分为加贝酯组和对照组.加贝酯组患者在ERCP术前0.5 h起开始静脉滴注加贝酯(300 mg加入林格氏液500 ml),维持4.5 h.对照组则仅静脉滴注林格氏液500 ml,也维持4.5 h.结果共有94例患者完成研究,其中加贝酯组48例,对照组46例.加贝酯组有3例(6.3%)、对照组有9例(19.6%)患者发生了胰腺炎(P = 0.040);高淀粉酶血症的发生率两组分别为12例(25.0%)和21例(45.7%)(P = 0.036);胰性腹痛的发生率两组分别为5例(10.4%)和14例(30.4%)(P = 0.016).结论以加贝酯总量300 mg持续4.5 h静脉滴注(术前0.5 h起给药)较安慰剂能有效减少ERCP术后胰腺炎发生率,减少高淀粉酶血症及胰性腹痛的发生.     

生长抑素联合泮托拉唑预防ERCP术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症效果观察

目的评价生长抑素联合泮托拉唑预防经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后胰腺炎(PEP)和高淀粉酶血症的临床价值。方法将268例胆总管结石需行ERCP术治疗的患者随机分为对照组和观察组各134例。对照组患者给予禁食、补液、支持等一般治疗。观察组患者在对照组患者治疗的基础上给予生长抑素及泮托拉唑治疗:生长抑素3 mg加入0.9%生理盐水60 mL静脉微泵泵入,5 ml/h,持续24 h;泮托拉唑40 mg加入0.9%生理盐水100 mL静脉点滴,2次/d,共用48 h。比较患者ERCP术前、术后3 h、术后24 h血清淀粉酶及术后胰腺炎高淀粉酶血症的发生情况。结果术后3 h、术后24 h观察组患者血清淀粉酶均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组患者ERCP术后发生急性胰腺炎14例(10.45%),术后3 h、术后24 h出现高淀粉血症63例(47.01%)和37例(27.61%);观察组患者ERCP术后发生急性胰腺炎2例(1.49%),术后3 h、术后24 h出现高淀粉血症29例(21.64%)和13例(9.70%)。两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论生长抑素联合泮托拉唑预防干预可明显减少ERCP术后患者胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的发生。     

胰管支架置入术预防逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎高危患者PEP及高淀粉酶血症研究

[目的]研究逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)术后放置胰管支架对胰腺炎高危患者ERCP术后胰腺炎(PEP)和高淀粉酶血症的预防作用.[方法]回顾性分析2006年3月～2012年6月在我科住院需行ERCP治疗的PEP高危患者123例的临床资料.根据术后是否放置胰管支架,将其分为胰管支架组53例(放置支架)和对照组70例(未放置支架).以Cotton标准诊断PEP和高淀粉酶血症,比较2组患者术前、术后6h血清淀粉酶水平,评估2组患者术后PEP和高淀粉酶血症的发生率;评估ERCP术后血清淀粉酶恢复正常的时间、PEP的发生率,分析PEP发生的高危因素.[结果]所有患者术前血清淀粉酶均正常;ERCP术后6h血清淀粉酶水平:胰管支架组(357.7±198.3)U/L,低于对照组(484.7±376.9)U/L;术后PEP的发生率:胰管支架组13例(24.5％),对照组39例(55.7％);术后高淀粉酶血症的发生率:胰管支架组22例(40.2％),对照组14例(20.0％);重症胰腺炎的发生率:胰管支架组0例(00.0％),对照组6例(8.57％);术后淀粉酶恢复正常的时间:胰管支架组为2.45 d;对照组为7.85d,以上指标2组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).[结论]ERCP术后在高危PEP人群中应用胰管支架置入术可有效降低PEP和高淀粉酶血症患者的淀粉酶水平;明显缩短术后PEP及高淀粉酶血症恢复正常的时间;明显缩短患者总住院时间.     

Effect of octreotide administration in the prophylaxis of post-ERCP pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia: A multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: Since the introduction of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatology (ERCP) in clinical use, pancreatitis has become a common complication of ERCP. Octreotide is an inhibitor of pancreatic enzyme secretions. Several studies have evaluated the effect of octreotide on the incidence of clinical pancreatitis after ERCP, but with different results. The aim was to determine the efficacy of prophylactic administration of octreotide for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and hyperamylasemia. METHODS: In this study, patients with scheduled ERCP were randomized to receive either octreotide (0.3 mg) via intramuscular injection or a placebo. The study was conducted in 12 digestive endoscopic units in China. Patients were randomized into two groups: an octreotide group (N = 414) and a control group (N = 418). In the octreotide group, octreotide (0.3 mg) was dissolved in 500 mL of 0.9% saline solution and administered by continuous intravenous infusion, beginning 1 h before endoscopic examination and continued for 6 h thereafter; 0.1 mg of octreotide was injected subcutaneously at 6 and 12 h after the intravenous injection was stopped. The control group was given a placebo intravenously. The end point was the development of acute pancreatitis. RESULTS: The overall incidence of acute pancreatitis was 3.85%; this included 2.42% (10/414) in the octreotide group and 5.26% (22/418) in the control group (P = 0.046). The overall incidence of hyperamylasemia was 14.9%; 12.32% (51/414) in the octreotide group and 17.46% (73/418) in the control group (P = 0.041). No side effects were found. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that octreotide can prevent PEP and hyperamylasemia.     

RISK FACTORS FOR POST‐ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY PANCREATITIS: PROSPECTIVE SINGLE‐INSTITUTION STUDY

Pancreatitis is the most common and serious complication of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and hyperamylasemia after ERCP is common. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential patient‐ and procedure‐related risk factors for post‐ERCP pancreatitis including hyperenzymenia in a prospective study. Data were collected prospectively on patient characteristics and endoscopic techniques from 184 ERCP performed at a single referral center and entered into a database. Data were collected prior to the procedure, at the time of procedure, and 24–72 h after procedure. The primary end‐point was the incidence of post‐ERCP pancreatitis and the secondary objective was the incidence of hyperamylasemia. Of the 184 patients enrolled, diagnostic ERCP was performed in 37 (20.1%) and therapeutic ERCP in 147 (79.9%). Pancreatitis developed in two patients (1.1%) and was graded mild in one (0.5%) and severe in the other (0.5%). Hyperamylasemia occurred in 14 patients (7.6%). Six investigated variables, female gender, therapeutic ERCP, major papilla sphincterotomy, stenting, difficult cannulation, and bile duct diameter were not significant risk factors for post‐ERCP pancreatitis. Although there was no significant factors in pancreatitis, the number of cannulations and precut sphincterotomies were significantly related to hyperamylasemia. The present study emphasizes a technical factor (difficult cannulation) as the determining high‐risk predictors for post‐ERCP pancreatitis.     

联合应用质子泵抑制剂、生长抑素和加贝酯预防ERCP术后胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症的临床研究

背景：急性胰腺炎和高淀粉酶血症是内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）的主要并发症,术前用药对预防和减轻并发症的作用尚存争议。目的：探讨联合应用质子泵抑制剂、生长抑素和加贝酯对ERCP术后胰腺炎（PEP）和高淀粉酶血症的预防作用。方法：共纳入510例行ERCP的患者,随机分为加贝酯组、生长抑素组、联合治疗组（质子泵抑制剂＋生长抑素＋加贝酯）和安慰剂组。观察术后2h、12h和24h血清淀粉酶水平,评估PEP和高淀粉酶血症的发生率．并分析PEP和高淀粉酶血症的危险因素。结果：ERCP术后2h、12h、24h,联合治疗组、生长抑素组和加贝酯组血清淀粉酶水平显著低于安慰剂组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,联合治疗组血清淀粉酶水平亦显著低于生长抑素组或加贝酯组（P〈0．05）。ERCP胰管显影者的PEP和高淀粉酶血症发生率显著高于胆管显影者（P〈0．05）。单变量分析显示ERCP操作过程中胰管多次显影、导丝多次插入胰管、导丝辅助、反复插管以及操作中发生上腹疼痛为PEP和高淀粉酶血症的技术相关性高危因素。结论：ERCP术前后联合应用质子泵抑制剂、生长抑素和加贝酯可改善PEP和高淀粉酶血症的发生。     

ERCP术后胰腺炎相关危险因素探讨

目的 探讨与操作有关的危险因素（胰管显影、插管困难、乳头括约肌切开）与ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎的关系。方法 对42例乳头括约肌切开（EST）、16例插管困难、48例胰管显影的患者术后淀粉酶动态变化与高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎的关系进行评价。结果 插管困难者行EST术后高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎的发生率明显升高，与诊断性ERCP比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。插管容易的患者行EST术后高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎的发生率与诊断性ERCP比较，无明显差别（P〉0．05）。胰管显影的患者术后高淀粉酶血症和胰腺炎的发生率明显高于无胰管显影的患者（P〈0．05）。结论 胰管显影、插管困难是ERCP术后胰腺炎的危险因素，而乳头括约肌切开不是ERCP术后胰腺炎的危险因素。     

Prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis by epinephrine sprayed on the papilla

Background and Aim: Epinephrine sprayed on the papilla may reduce papillary edema and prevent acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of localized irrigation with epinephrine saline for prevention of post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Methods: A total of 941 patients who were scheduled for ERCP were recruited into this study. We randomized the patients to have 20 mL of either 0.02% epinephrine or saline sprayed on the papilla after diagnostic ERCP to prevent post‐ERCP pancreatitis. We recorded duct visualization, presence of pancreatic acinarization, number of injections into the pancreatic duct, total volume of contrast used, and procedure duration. The serum amylase levels were measured at 6, 24 and 48 h after ERCP. We counted the patients of PEPs and compared whether there was significant difference between the pancreatitis group and the no pancreatitis group. Results: A univariate analysis of the explanatory variables between the epinephrine and control groups, the pancreatitis and no pancreatitis groups revealed the treatment to be effective, but most of the groups were not statistically significant. PEPs occurred in 40 of the 941 patients (4.25%), the incidence of pancreatitis tended to be higher in the control group (31/480, 6.45%) than in the epinephrine group (9/461, 1.95%) (P = 0.0086). Conclusions: Epinephrine sprayed on the papilla may be effective to prevent PEP. Female patients (aged ≥ 18 years and < 35 years) (7/40, 17.5%), common bile duct diameter < 10 mm (27/40, 67.5%), previous cholangitis (3/40, 7.5%), body mass index ≥ 24 (22/40, 55%), and/or serum triglycerides ≥ 5.65 mmol/L (6/40, 15%), might be risk factors for post‐ERCP pancreatitis, but are not statistically significant in the study.     

Risk factors for postoperative pancreatitis associated with diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

OBJECTIVE : To investigate the risk factors for postoperative pancreatitis following endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic biliary stenting. METHODS : Four hundred and twelve patients referred to the endoscopy unit were divided into seven groups: (i) double ducts (pancreatic duct and biliary duct) contrast media filling group (ERCP group); (ii) biliary duct contrast media filling group (ERC group); (iii) pancreatic duct contrast media filling group (ERP group); (iv) ERCP plus biliary stenting group (ERCP + stent group); (v) ERC plus stenting group (ERC + stent group); (vi) ERCP plus EST and stone extraction (SE) group (ERCP + EST + SE group); and (vii) ERC plus EST and SE group (ERC + EST + SE group). Differences in postoperative serum amylase at 4 and 24 h, as well as clinical symptoms, were compared among the different groups. RESULTS : The incidence of postoperative hyperamylasemia at 4 and 24 h was 17.7 and 4.4%, respectively. The overall incidence of postoperative acute pancreatitis was 3.9% and the ERP group had the highest incidence of postoperative acute pancreatitis among the seven groups. CONCLUSIONS : Repeated pancreatic duct contrast filling during ERCP manipulation is the main risk factor for postoperative pancreatitis and therapeutic ERCP, such as EST, stenting and SE, does not increase the incidence of postoperative pancreatitis.     

ENBD预防胆总管结石ERCP术后急性胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的临床价值

目的观察内镜鼻胆管引流术(ENBD)预防内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)术后急性胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的效果。方法收集我院胆总管结石行ERCP取石术的患者367例,其中ENBD组309例,对照组58例,比较两组术后2 h及24 h血清淀粉酶值、高淀粉酶血症及急性胰腺炎的发生率。结果 ENBD组术后2 h、24 h的血清淀粉酶值分别为(396.6±240.3)U/L和(620.8±345.5)U/L,明显低于对照组的(593.9±470.5)U/L和(1 074.0±609.1)U/L(P<0.05);ENBD组有42例发生高淀粉酶血症(13.6%)、15例发生急性胰腺炎(4.9%),对照组则分别为13例(22.4%)和8例(13.8%),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ENBD能有效预防胆总管结石患者ERCP术后急性胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的发生。     

青少年慢性胰腺炎的内镜诊断与治疗

目的：研究诊断性和治疗性经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)在青少年慢性胰腺炎(CP)诊断及治疗中的价值。方法：回顾分析1997年2月～2002年2月间确诊为青少年CP并行ERCP的13例临床资料。结果：13例中12例存在腹痛症状，10例有“胰腺炎”病史。ERCP见胰管扩张12例，胰管结石7例，胰腺假性囊肿2例，胰腺分裂症3例，胆囊结石l例。内镜下治疗：乳头括约肌切开术7例，胰管取石6例，支架置入5例，胰管狭窄扩张术4例，副乳头切开2例。ERCP后高淀粉酶血症4例，胰腺炎急性发作3例，均为水肿型胰腺炎。经6—68个月随访，ll例未复发，2例复发者经再次ER-CP治疗后腹痛未再出现。结论：ERCP对青少年CP的诊断及治疗有较高的价值。但青少年CP患者ERCP术后具有较高的并发症发生率，对此内镜医师应高度重视。     

胰管支架预防高危ERCP术后胰腺炎的临床分析

目的 观察胰管支架置人预防高危患者内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）术后胰腺炎及高淀粉酶血症的效果.方法 将确定有ERCP指征并符合纳入标准的72例高危患者按照随机数字表法分为胰管支架组和对照组,每组36例.比较两组术后3h、24 h血清淀粉酶水平及高淀粉酶血症、急性胰腺炎、重症胰腺炎的发生率.结果 胰管支架组术后3h和术后24 h血淀粉酶值分别为（128.68±173.35） U/L和（92.41±88.44） U/L,均低于对照组（432.37 ±515.20） U/L和（465.89±736.54） U/L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;胰管支架组术后高淀粉酶血症、急性胰腺炎、重症胰腺炎的发生率分别为5.6％、2.8％、0,对照组为22.2％、16.7％、11.1％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 胰管支架置入能明显降低高危患者ERCP术后高淀粉酶血症、急性胰腺炎及重症胰腺炎的发生率.     

预防内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎的探讨

目的 评价西咪替丁对经内镜逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）术后高淀粉酶血症及急性胰腺炎的预防作用。方法 将４１４患者随机分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三组，Ａ组（１５８例）分别于术前一日、 当日及术后一日给予西咪替丁（８００ｍｇ／ｄ，静脉滴注），Ｂ组（１４７例０分别于术前３０ｍｉｎ及术后４ｈ内给予生长抑素类似物奥曲肽０．１ｍｇ皮下注射，Ｃ组（１０９例）给予安慰剂，术前、术后３ｈ及２４ｈ检测血清淀粉酶（正常参考值１０～１