原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者外周血T细胞亚群的变化研究

目的 观察原发性胆汁性肝硬化(PBC)患者外周血CD4 /CD8 T细胞比值及CD4 CD25 T细胞和CD4 CD28-T细胞的数量,探讨其在PBC诊治中的价值.方法 用流式细胞术检测CD4 、CD8 、CD4 CD25 和CD4 CD-28T细胞的数量.结果 59例急性期PBC患者的CD4 CD T细胞数量显著低于正常组;CD4/CD8和CD4 CD28-T细胞显著高于正常组(P＜均0.05);PBC治疗后的CD4 CD25 T细胞数量显著高于治疗前,CD4 CD28-T细胞显著低于治疗前(P均＜0.05),CD4 /CD8 无显著变化.结论 随治疗后症状改善,PBS患者外周血CD CD T细胞数量明显上升,CD4 CD28-T细胞明显下降,提示PBC的发病和发展与该群细胞数量密切相关.     

系统检测慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫表型的临床意义

目的:系统研究慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫表型以及与临床的关系.方法:用流式细胞术测定28例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞膜CD3,CD4,CD5,CD25,CD28及CD38等相关CD分子的表达情况,并与22例健康对照组比较,并分析其与HBVDNA及临床的相关性.结果:28例慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血中CD4 CD25 ,CD8 HLADR CD38 ,CD3-CD19 ,CD5-CD19 及CD19 CD38 淋巴细胞数明显高于健康对照组(t=2.37,3.71,4.10,2.31,2.17,P<0.05),而CD3-CD8 ,CD8 CD28-及CD3-CD(16 56) 淋巴细胞数明显低于健康对照组(t=3.14,3.20,2.51,P<0.05).外周血中HBVDNA含量>109copies/L的患者其CD3 CD8 ,CD8 CD28 ,CD4 CD45RA CD62L ,CD8 CD45RA CD62L 及CD4 CD38 淋巴细胞数均显著高于HBVDNA含量<109copies/L的患者,差别有统计学意义(t=2.16,2.42,2.83,3.01,2.50,P<0.01或P<0.05).结论:慢性乙型肝炎患者T、B两种淋巴细胞的活化程度均较高,NK细胞数量减少;体内HBV复制活跃的患者其T淋巴细胞活化程度较高.     

有效的高效抗反转录病毒治疗后低CD4/CD8比值HIV/AIDS患者免疫学特征分析

目的对比研究有效的高效抗反转录病毒治疗(highly active antiretroviral therapy,HAART)后低CD4/CD8比值组与高CD4/CD8比值组患者相关免疫学特征。方法选择接受HAART≥96周、CD4~+T淋巴细胞≥500/μl、HIV载量低于检测值下限的HIV感染者/AIDS患者(HIV/AIDS患者)109例,从中选出CD4/CD8比值≥0.82的患者28例及CD4/CD8比值≤0.48的患者28例,对比分析2组T淋巴细胞上CD38、人类白细胞抗原DR(HLA-DR)、CD27、CD28、CD45RA及CD31的表达,进而分析2组外周血T淋巴细胞的免疫活化与免疫老化状况。结果①低CD4/CD8比值组的基线CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数和基线CD4/CD8比值较高CD4/CD8比值组低(P0.05);②低CD4/CD8比值组HLA-DR~+CD8~+T淋巴细胞频率、处于中期分化阶段(CD27~-CD28~+)的CD4~+T淋巴细胞频率及处于晚期分化阶段(CD27~-CD28~-)的CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞频率高于高CD4/CD8比值组(P均0.05),而处于早期分化阶段(CD27~+CD28~+)的CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞频率低于高CD4/CD8比值组(P均0.05);③低CD4/CD8比值组纯真CD4~+和与CD8~+T淋巴细胞频率以及CD31~+纯真CD8~+T淋巴细胞的频率低于高CD4/CD8比值组(P均0.05)。结论①低基线CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数和低基线CD4/CD8比值HIV/AIDS患者有效HAART后CD4/CD8比值仍然相对较低,应及早起始HAART,预防CD4/CD8低比值持续的发生;②有效HAART后低CD4/CD8比值的HIV/AIDS患者表现出更为严重的免疫活化和免疫老化现象,针对这些免疫紊乱应给予除HAART外新的干预措施。     

健康傣族人CD3+ CD4+和CD8+ T淋巴细胞绝对数正常值调查

目的了解德宏州健康傣族人群外周静脉血CD3 、CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞绝对数和CD4 /CD8 比值的正常值范围。方法应用流式细胞仪(FACSCount)检测253例健康傣族人的CD3 、CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞绝对数和CD4 /CD8 比值,并观察以上数值在性别和年龄上的差异。结果CD3 、CD4 、CD8 和CD4 /CD8 的正常值参考范围分别为(1 543±443)个/μl(、849±261)个/μl(、567±225)个/μl和1.63±0.55。CD3 、CD4 在性别和年龄组别间的差异均无统计学意义,而CD8 和CD4 /CD8 在年龄组别间的差异有统计学意义。结论初步建立了健康傣族人群CD3 、CD4 、CD8 和CD4 /CD8 的正常值参考范围,对于指导德宏州艾滋病的诊断及治疗工作有重要意义。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的变化

目的检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血CD4 CD25 T细胞和CD4 CD25highT细胞占CD4 T细胞的比率,探讨其在SLE发病中的意义。方法采用流式细胞术检测93例SLE患者及47 名正常对照外周血CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞和CD4 CD25highT细胞占CD4 T细胞的比率,分析其与SLE 临床及实验室指标的关系。结果活动性SLE患者CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞及CD4 CD25highT细胞比例较正常人降低;CD4 CD25highT细胞水平与系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)呈负相关;CD4 CD25 调节性T细胞与抗核抗原抗体(ANA)、抗可提取的核抗原(ENA)抗体、抗dsDNA抗体、免疫球蛋白、补体C3、C4无相关。结论CD4 CD25 T细胞和CD4 CD25highT细胞可能参与SLE的发病机制。     

胸腺肽α1对原发性肝癌围手术期免疫功能的影响

目的:研究胸腺肽α1对原发性肝癌患者围手术期免疫功能的影响.方法:103例确诊为原发性肝癌患者分为2组,A组采用胸腺肽α1+手术治疗(n=35),B组仅手术治疗(n=68).胸腺肽α1治疗前后及手术前、手术后7,14,21 d用流式细胞仪检测CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD8+CD28+,CD16+CD56+的变化,MTT比色法测定IL-2活性.结果:A组CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,CD8+CD28+,CD16+CD56+及IL-2均明显低于正常对照组(F=8.2,P=0.005);术前经胸腺肽α1治疗后CD4+/CD8+,CD16+CD56+较治疗前增高(F=8.4,P=0.004);术后7 d CD4+/CD8+,CD8+CD28+,CD16+CD56+较术前增高(F=4.7,P=0.005或F=3.5,P=0.04),术后14 d IL-2也增高(F=3.6,P=0.03).B组术后7 d,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,CD8+CD28+,CD16+CD56+较术前明显降低(F=5.4,P=0.006或F=3.6,P=0.02),术后14d,CD8+,CD8+CD28+仍然低于术前(F=5.0,P=0.007),其他指标有所恢复;术后21 d,CD8+仍未恢复至术前水平(F=6.3,P=0.000);B组术后7 d,CD3+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,CD8+CD28+,CD1 6+CD56+均明显低于A组(F=7.2,P=0.001).结论:肝癌患者存在免疫抑制,术后早期免疫抑制程度加重,围手术期胸腺肽α1治疗可有效改善肝癌围手术期免疫抑制状况.     

食管癌切除术患者围手术期外周血淋巴细胞亚群的变化

采用流式细胞仪对20例食管癌患者术前、术毕及术后1d三个时间点的外周血CD4、CD8、CD3、CD19、自然杀伤细胞（NK）及CD28、CD80细胞进行检测。结果显示。术毕外周血CD3^＋、CD^＋、CD28^＋、CD28^＋CD4^＋、CD28^＋CD8^＋、CD19^＋细胞比率降低，CD4^＋／CD8^＋降低，NK细胞比率升高，术后1dCD3^＋细胞依然低于术前，CD4^＋、CD28^＋、CD28^＋CD4^＋细胞升高但尚未完全恢复至术前水平，CD8^＋细胞低于术前。CD28^＋＋CD8^＋细胞及CD4^＋／CD8^＋恢复至术前水平，CD19^＋细胞比率升高且高于术前，NK细胞恢复至术前水平。认为食管癌患者围手术期特异性免疫受抑制，而非特异性免疫处于相对优势；术后1d患者的免疫状态尚未完全恢复至术前水平。     

外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化评估儿童慢性乙型肝炎预后转归

目的了解对干扰素有应答的儿童慢性乙型肝炎治疗前后与正常健康儿童外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞数量变化的差别,探讨儿童慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群数量变化与临床预后的关系。方法对干扰素有应答的32例儿童慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗前后及30例健康儿童进行外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞数量检测。结果儿童慢性乙型肝炎组(治疗前)外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞数量明显低于健康儿童组(P<0.01);治疗后患儿外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞数量明显高于治疗前(P<0.01)。结论儿童慢性乙型肝炎外周血CD3+、CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞数量变化可判断预后转归。     

急性甲胺磷农药中毒早期血药浓度与免疫学指标的关系

目的分析急性甲胺磷农药中毒早期血药浓度与T淋巴细胞亚群的关系及其临床意义。方法将92例急性甲胺磷农药中毒患者按中毒严重程度分为轻中度中毒组54例和重度中毒组38例,选择92例健康体检者作为对照组,探讨两组血药浓度与CD4+、CD95+、CD3+、CD3+/CD23+、CD8+、CD8+/CD28+、CD8+/CD28-的关系。结果血药浓度重度中毒组明显高于轻中度中毒组(P<0.01),CD4+、CD95+、CD3+、CD3+/CD23+、CD8+、CD8+/CD28-活性明显低于轻中度中毒组(P<0.01);CD8+/CD28+明显高于轻中度中毒组(P<0.01)。结论急性甲胺磷农药中毒早期血药浓度越高、中毒程度愈重,细胞免疫受损越严重。     

肺癌患者外周血CD_4~＋CD_（25）~＋CD_（127）-调节性T细胞水平变化及其临床意义

目的通过检测肺癌患者外周血CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-调节性T（CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg）细胞及相关免疫细胞水平和血浆IL-10、IFN-γ水平,探讨肺癌患者的细胞免疫功能异常及其临床意义。方法采用流式细胞仪（FCM）和酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法分别检测45例原发性肺癌患者、14例肺部良性病变患者和20例健康者外周血中CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg细胞及相关免疫细胞水平和血浆IL-10、IFN-γ水平。结果与肺部良性病变患者和健康者比较,肺癌患者外周血CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg细胞水平及CD4＋CD28-T细胞水平升高,CD4＋、CD8＋CD2＋8-T细胞、CD5＋6NK细胞水平及CD4＋/CD8＋值降低,血浆IL-10水平升高,IFN-γ水平降低。肺癌患者外周血CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg细胞水平与血浆IL-10水平呈正相关,与血浆IFN-γ水平呈负相关。CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg细胞、CD4＋CD28-T细胞、CD5＋6NK细胞水平及血浆IL-10、IFN-γ水平与临床分期有关。结论 CD4＋CD2＋5CD127-Treg细胞在肺癌发生、发展过程中可能起一定作用。     

黏附分子CD44变异剪接体6在甲状腺肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨CD44变异剪接体 6(CD44V6 )在甲状腺肿瘤组织的表达情况及其与肿瘤发生、发展、浸润和转移的关系。方法　采用免疫组织化学S P法检测 2 0例癌旁甲状腺组织 ,2 4例甲状腺腺瘤和 64例甲状腺癌的石蜡标本CD44V6 表达水平。结果　CD44V6 在甲状腺腺癌的表达率 ( 92 19%)显著高于甲状腺腺瘤者 ( 5 8 3 3 %,P <0 0 1) ,癌旁甲状腺组织未见表达。甲状腺中不同组织来源的滤泡细胞癌和髓样癌的CD44V6 表达差异具有显著性 ,总阳性率分别为 96 5 5 %及 5 0 0 %(P <0 0 1)。但CD44V6 表达水平在乳头状腺癌和滤泡型腺癌间差别无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。同时发现 2例未分化癌CD44V6 表达均呈强阳性。CD44V6 的表达水平与甲状腺癌的包膜浸润和淋巴结转移有关 ,CD44V6 表达水平在包膜浸润组和未浸润组之间 ,在淋巴结转移组和非转移组之间差别有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。CD44V6 表达与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小无关 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　CD44V6 的表达与甲状腺肿瘤的分化和浸润、转移显著相关 ,检测CD44V6 有助于甲状腺癌的诊断、判断预后并可能为甲状腺癌的手术和术后综合治疗决策提供新的分子生物学指标。     

Expression and significance of CD44s, CD44v6, and nm23 mRNA in human cancer

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression levels of nm23 mRNA, CD44s, and CD44v6,and oncogenesis, development and metastasis of human gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma,intraductal carcinoma of breast, and lung cancer.METHODS: Using tissue microarray by immuhistochemical (IHC) staining and in situ hybri-dization (ISH), we examined the expression levels of nm23mRNA, CD44s, and CD44v6 in 62 specimens of human gastric adenocarcinoma and 62 specimens of colorectal adenocarcinoma; the expression of CD44s and CD44v6in 120 specimens of intraductal carcinoma of breast and 20 specimens of normal breast tissue; the expression of nm23 mRNA in 72 specimens of human lung cancer and 23 specimens of normal tissue adjacent to cancer.RESULTS: The expression of nm23 mRNA in the tissues of gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma was not significantly different from that in the normal tissues adjacent to cancer (P＞0.05), and was not associated with the invasion of tumor and the pathology grade of adenocarcinoma (P＞0.05). However, the expression of nm23 mRNA was correlated negatively to the lymph node metastasis of gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma (r = -0.49, P＜0.01; r = -4.93, P＜0.01). The expression of CD44s in the tissues of gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma was significantly different from that in the normal tissues adjacent to cancer (P＜0.05;P＜0.01). CD44v6 was expressed in the tissues of gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma only, the expression of CD44v6 was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis, invasion and pathological grade of the tumor (r = 0.47, P＜0.01; r = 5.04, P＜0.01). CD44sand CD44v6 were expressed in intraductal carcinoma of breast, the expression of CD44s and CD44v6 was significantly associated with lymph node metastases and invasion (P＜0.01). However, neither of them was expressed in the normal breast tissue. In addition, the expression of CD44v6 was closely related to the degree of cell differentiation of intraductal carcinoma of breast (x2= 5.68, P＜0.05). The expressional level of nm23mRNA was closely related to the degree of cell differentiation (P＜0.05) and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.01), but the expression of nm23 gene was not related to sex, age, and type of histological classification (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Patients with overexpression of CD44s and CD44v6 and low expression of nm23 mRNA have a higher lymph node metastatic rate and invasion. In addition, overexpression of CD44v6 is closely related to the degree of cell differentiation. Detection of the three genes is able to provide a reliable index to evaluate the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.     

VEGF和CD44v6过表达与乳腺癌浸润转移的关系

目的检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和转移相关黏附分子44v6(CD44v6)在乳腺癌中的表达情况,探讨两者与淋巴结转移的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测92例乳腺浸润性癌中VEGF、CD44v6的表达情况。结果 VEGF在正常乳腺组织和乳腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为6.7%(3/45)和90.2%(83/92),且VEGF在淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率(53/55)明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.05)。CD44v6在正常乳腺组织及乳腺癌中的阳性表达率分别为8.9%(4/45)和85.9%(79/92),而且CD44v6在淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率(51/55)明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.05)。VEGF和CD44v6表达呈正相关关系(r=0.497,P<0.05)。结论 VEGF、CD44v6在乳腺癌组织中高表达,且均与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),两者可能在乳腺癌的远处转移中起协同作用。     

CCR7和L-选择素在大肠癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨CC趋化因子受体7(CCR7)和黏附分子L-选择素在大肠癌组织中的表达及二者与大肠癌淋巴转移的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测63份大肠癌组织(大肠癌组)、44份癌旁正常组织(癌旁组)和31份转移灶组织(转移组)中CCR7和L-选择素的表达。结果大肠癌组、转移组CCR7、L-选择素阳性率明显高于癌旁组(P<0.01);CCR7与L-选择素表达显著相关(r=0.653,P<0.01);有淋巴结转移者明显高于无转移者,P<0.05。结论 CCR7与L-选择素在大肠癌中的表达与大肠癌的发生和淋巴转移有关,二者可能共同参与了大肠癌发生及淋巴结转移过程;检测二者表达情况有助于判断大肠癌患者的预后。     

胃癌患者血清及癌组织中CD44v6表达及意义

[目的]检测胃癌患者血清及胃癌组织中CD44v6的表达及其与胃癌临床病理特征间的关系,进一步阐述CD44v6在胃癌发生发展中的作用。[方法]收集40例经病理证实的胃癌患者,20例正常健康体检者为对照组,20例取自距癌组织边缘5cm以上癌旁胃黏膜标本。采用双抗体夹心-酶联免疫吸附法检测40例胃癌患者术前和20例正常健康者血清中CD44v6水平,免疫组化SP法测定40例经手术切除的胃癌组织标本和20例癌旁胃黏膜标本中CD44v6的表达。[结果]①胃癌患者血清中CD44v6[(177.21±46.48)μg/L]高于正常健康者(P<0.01)。②癌组织中CD44v6的阳性表达率为77.5%,显著高于癌旁胃黏膜中的表达(P<0.01),CD44v6在血清和组织中的表达随组织学分级、临床分期的增高及有无淋巴结转移而升高,呈正相关性。[结论]CD44v6参与了胃癌的发生,并且可反映机体肿瘤的负荷状态及预测肿瘤的进展;检测CD44v6的血清含量可能为胃癌的诊断提供依据。     

Metastasis as the first sign of thyroid cancer

The aim of this paper is to review our experience with patients who presented with a metastatic tumor in the lymph nodes or other organs as the first sign of thyroid cancer. In 1974-1998, 18 602 patients were operated on due to goitre. There were 975 (5.2%) patients with thyroid malignant neoplasms. The group comprised 449 (46.1%) patients with papillary carcinoma, 309 (31.7%) with follicular carcinoma, 54 (5.5%) with medullary carcinoma, 106 (10.9%) with anaplastic carcinoma, and 57 (5.8%) with other types of thyroid malignant neoplasms. Out of these 975 patients, thyroid cancer was diagnosed on the basis of the detection of a metastatic tumor in 26 (2.7%) patients. In 16 (61.5%) of these patients the metastatic tumor was located in the regional lymph nodes. In 10 (38.5%) patients distant metastasis beyond the regional lymph nodes was the first sign of thyroid cancer. In (50%) patients metastasis was located in the bones, in 2 (20%) in the lung, in 1 (10%) in the heart, in 1 (10%) in the buttock, and in 1 (10%) in a central neck cyst. Metastasis was the initial manifestation of thyroid cancer in 18 (4%) of 449 papillary carcinoma patients, in 6 of 309 (1.9%) follicular carcinoma patients, and in 2 (3.7%) of 54 medullary carcinoma patients. Lymph node metastasis was the first sign of thyroid cancer in 13 (2.9%) patients with papillary carcinoma, 1 (0.3%) patients with follicular carcinoma and in 2 (3.7%) medullary carcinoma patients, and distant metastasis in 5 (1.1%) patients with papillary carcinoma and in 5 (1.6%) patients with follicular carcinoma. After the detection of the primary focus of thyroid cancer total thyroidectomy and modified neck dissection were performed in all patients. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients were treated complementarily with 131I and TSH suppressive doses of L-thyroxine, and medullary cancer patients with teleradiotherapy and substitutive doses of L-thyroxine.     

基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂与食管癌浸润转移的关系

目的:研究基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及其相应的组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)在食管癌组织上的表达及其在细胞浸润转移过程中所起的重要作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学链霉素抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶(SP)法检测的50例食管癌组织中MMP-9及TIMP-1的表达。结果:MMP-9在食管癌组织的阳性表达率为76％,其表达与淋巴结转移呈正相关(Pearson列联系数0.343,P<0.05)。TIMP-1在食管癌组织表达的阳性率为30％,其表达与淋巴转移呈负棚关(Pearson列联系数为O.333,P<0.05)。结论:MMP-9阳性表达与食管癌浸润转移呈正相关,TIMP-1阳性表达与食管癌浸润转移呈负相关,二者在食管癌浸润转移中的关系表现为MMP-9促进肿瘤转移,TIMP-1对食管癌有独立的抑制作用。通过检测食管癌组织中的MMP-9及TIMP-1的表达,对预后的评价有一定价值。     

Osteopontin is overexpressed in human papillary thyroid carcinomas and enhances thyroid carcinoma cell invasiveness

The transmembrane glycoprotein CD44v6 is overexpressed in most papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). We previously reported that osteopontin (OPN), a secreted glycoprotein that functions as a ligand for CD44v6, is overexpressed in thyrocytes transformed by the RET/PTC oncogene. OBJECTIVE: In this study we asked whether OPN is overexpressed in human PTC samples, and whether its expression correlates with clinical and histological features of the tumors. Furthermore, we wanted to establish the functional role of the CD44-OPN axis in thyroid tumorigenesis. DESIGN: Thyroid samples from 117 patients who had undergone surgical resection of the thyroid gland for benign or malignant lesions were collected. OPN and CD44 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry with specific monoclonal antibodies. OPN expression was correlated with different PTC histological variants, lymph node metastasis, and PTC size. RESULTS: In this study we show that OPN is overexpressed in human PTCs with respect to normal thyroid tissue, follicular adenomas, and multinodular goiters (P < 0.05). The prevalence and intensity of OPN staining were significantly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.0091) and tumor size (P = 0.0001). We also show that treatment of human PTC cells with recombinant exogenous OPN stimulated Matrigel invasion and activated the ERK and V-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1/protein kinase B; signaling pathways. Blockage of anti-CD44 antibodies prevented these effects. CONCLUSIONS: Given its prevalence and its correlation with aggressive features of human PTCs, we suggest that OPN might be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for these tumors. Furthermore, given the role of the OPN-CD44v6 axis in PTC cells, we suggest that CD44 and/or OPN may be molecular targets for therapeutic intervention in aggressive PTCs.     

胃癌及癌前病变组织中CD44v6表达的意义

目的探讨CD44v6基因表达与胃癌发生及胃癌生物学行为的关系.方法应用抗CD44v6蛋白的单克隆抗体,采用免疫组化ABC方法对正常胃粘膜(n=10)、各级胃粘膜异型增生(轻度n=16,中度n=12,重度n=14)、早期胃癌(n=16)及进展期胃癌(n=52)进行研究,并与胃癌类型、大小、有无淋巴结转移等作了比较分析.结果正常胃粘膜CD44v6为阴性,随着胃粘膜病变的进展,CD44v6蛋白的表达率逐渐升高,至进展期胃癌,表达率达到顶峰.轻、中、重度异型增生表达率分别为12%,33%,43%;早期胃癌及进展期胃癌的表达率分别为44%和73%.各级异型增生表达率之间的差异无显著性,而进展期胃癌表达率显著高于早期胃癌(P＜0.05),淋巴结转移组的表达率显著高于淋巴结未转移组(82%vs56%,P＜0.05),肠型胃癌的表达率高于弥漫型胃癌(78%vs56%,P＜0.05),CD44v6蛋白的表达与胃癌肿块大小无相关性.结论胃粘膜重度异型增生在CD44v6基因表达上已具有明显的潜在恶性趋势,CD44v6基因表达阳性的胃癌具有更强的浸润及淋巴结转移的能力.     

Differential expression of galectin-3 in medullary thyroid carcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding protein that plays a role in cell adhesion and tumour progression. It was shown recently to diagnose malignant follicular thyroid lesions accurately. The reliability of this marker in the differential diagnosis between medullary thyroid carcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia was studied by immunohistochemistry. PATIENTS: Tissue specimens were obtained from 34 patients belonging to families with medullary thyroid carcinoma who underwent prophylactic thyroidectomy for RET gene mutation and/or abnormally increased plasma calcitonin levels. RESULTS: Galectin-3 was expressed in 23 of 25 cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma and in none of the nine cases of C-cell hyperplasia only, giving a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of carcinoma. A significant association was found between higher galectin-3 expression and occurrence of lymph node metastases (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Galectin-3 is a reliable diagnostic marker of medullary thyroid carcinoma, and its use may provide relevant information for prognosis and therapy.