Gonioscopy after implantation of the semiflexible McGhan/3 M, style 70, anterior chamber lens. A prospective study

Gonioscopy was performed in 64 patients 3-8 (mean 4) months after intracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of the semiflexible McGhan/3 M, style 70, anterior chamber lens. Iris tucking was present in 19 (30%) eyes. Iris-haptic adhesions (strands of iris-like tissue encircling the lens feet) were present in 24 (38%) eyes. Absence of iris tucking was statistically significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) related to surgical expertise, while the occurrence of iris-haptic adhesions was independent of surgical experience. Pupillar deformation, usually an elongation in the axis of the implant, was present in 50%. The absence or presence of an abnormal gonioscopy could not with certainty be deduced from the form of the pupil. The majority of gonioscopically visible pathological changes in the chamber angle were located posterior to the trabecular meshwork.     

Posterior chamber intraocular lens supported by an intact vitreous face

We describe a technique of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in eyes with inadequate capsule support caused by inadvertent or planned intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) or in eyes having secondary IOL implantation after previous ICCE. The procedure is only performed in eyes with an intact anterior vitreous face, no vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, and no vitreous loss. The anterior vitreous is pushed back by viscoelastic material or air. The viscoelastic material is injected under the iris to create a free space between the iris and anterior vitreous. A single-piece, C-loop, poly(methyl methacrylate) IOL is slid onto the iris to rest on the anterior vitreous face; care is taken not to disturb the anterior vitreous. The technique was used in 15 eyes with a follow-up from 19 months to 5 years. All eyes had a stable IOL at each follow-up, and the visual acuity was 6/12 or better at the last follow-up.     

Morphological changes 2 1/2 years after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber lens. A prospective re-examination

Morphological changes and lens position were examined in 51 eyes of 51 patients 25 to 37 (mean 31) months after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of a posterior chamber lens in the ciliary sulcus. Ocular morphology was compared to a previously published examination of the same eyes performed 4 months after surgery. The anterior chamber depth, lens position and the position of the posterior lens capsule had remained unchanged. 'Iris bulging', i.e. a gonioscopically visible slight impression of the iris overlying the lens haptics, had increased from 0 to 42%, iridal transillumination defects from 34 to 46%, and pigment dispersion in the chamber angle from 46 to 72%. Twenty-four percent of the eyes had developed significant, capsulotomy-requiring opacification of the posterior lens capsule. We draw the following conclusions: The posterior chamber lens and the posterior lens capsule have reached their permanent positions by the fourth post-operative month. Implantation of a posterior chamber lens in the ciliary sulcus constitutes a constant stimulus for structural changes of the iris with subsequent dispersion of pigment on neighbouring ocular structures.     

A long-term follow-up of cataract extraction with and without intraocular lens implantation

In 176 consecutive intracapsular cataract extracted eyes with an iris clip lens (IOL) and 159 eyes with consecutively performed intracapsular extractions (ICCE), the visual outcome and complications were examined in a follow-up study. The average observation time was 48 months in the IOL group and 53 months in the ICCE group. In both groups the main cause of a visual acuity less than 0.5 was pre-operatively recognized maculopathy. Eighty-six per cent of the remaining IOL eyes and 93% of the remaining ICCE eyes achieved a visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5. Post-operative complications were the cause of a visual acuity less than 0.5 in 11.9% of the IOL and 6.9% of the ICCE group. The most frequent complications were corneal oedema and retinal detachment. Pre-operative and early post-operative complications were important factors in the development of late complications in the IOL group. With proper pre-operative evaluation and good surgical technique intraocular lens implantation is a safe procedure.     

Experience with a flexible anterior chamber lens

Clinical findings in 37 eyes in which flexible anterior chamber lenses (Symflex) had been implanted were retrospectively analyzed. Visual rehabilitation was achieved in 24 out of 26 secondary implantations following ICCE. In the first postoperative week pupillary block developed in 2 eyes and toxic lens syndrome in one. One retinal detachment occurred in the late postoperative course. Specific complications associated with the anterior chamber lens were goniosynechiae in 2 eyes and distortion of the pupil, also in 2 cases. Gonioscopic examination showed that the haptic was in the desired position, in the chamber angle, in 35 eyes. In two cases the haptic was located at the iris periphery.     

Prospective study of intraocular pressure 2 1/2 years after intracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of a semiflexible anterior chamber lens

Fifty-one patients available for a 2 1/2 year follow-up after intracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of the semiflexible McGhan/3M, style 70 anterior chamber lens were evaluated for intraocular pressure (IOP). No significant change in the IOP could be demonstrated despite progression of iris-like tissue adhesions between the iris and lens haptics at or close to the trabecular meshwork. Four eyes (7.8%) had IOPs greater than or equal to 22 mm Hg without medication, and four other eyes used timolol eyedrops with subsequent IOPs less than or equal to 18 mm Hg. Eight eyes (15.7%) demonstrated an IOP increase greater than or equal to 25% over baseline pressures.     

有晶状体眼前房虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视

目的：观察有晶状体眼前房型虹膜夹持人工晶状体植入治疗高度近视的临床疗效。 方法：对28例50眼高度近视患者进行有晶状体眼Verisyse前房虹膜夹持型人工晶状体植入手术,观察术后的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜及前房内炎症变化情况。 结果：患者28例50眼均顺利在前房内植入虹膜夹持的人工晶状体,术后所有患者视力较术前均增加。术后1a,裸眼视力38眼（76%）≥1.0,12眼（24%）≥0.5,最佳矫正视力40眼（80%）≥1.0,10眼（20%）≥0.5。术后22眼最佳矫正视力均达到并超过术前最佳矫正视力。 结论：高度近视患者有晶状体眼前房植入虹膜夹持型人工晶状体是一种较好的安全有效的矫正视力的方法,术后屈光效果令人满意。     

无缝线隧道切口可折叠人工晶体植入术后房角镜观察

了解无缝线隧道切口白内障手术内切口及周边虹膜的变化。方法用Ｇｏｌｄｍａｎｎ房角镜，术前、术后观察３．５ｍｍ无缝线巩膜隧道切口超声乳化白内障摘除及可折叠人工晶体植入术５６例（５８只眼）的前房角改变。结果５６只眼可见内切口位于ｓｃｈｗａｌｂｅ线前的透明角膜上，２只眼内切口在Ｓｃｈｗａｌｂｅ线上。４２只眼（７２．４１％）内切口平整，１４只眼（２４．１４％）内切口后唇轻微卷曲，５只眼（８．６２％）角膜后弹力层脱离，２只眼（３．４５％）发生虹膜周边前粘连。结论通过无缝线隧道切口进行可折叠人工晶体植入术，周边虹膜前粘连发生率较低，但容易发生角膜后弹力层脱离。     

Visual outcome and complications in 287 intraocular lens implants (Federow) compared with 290 intracapsular cataract extractions

In 287 consecutively intracapsular cataract extracted eyes with a Federow intraocular lens implant (IOL) and 290 eyes with consecutively performed intracapsular cataract extractions (ICCE) the final visual outcome and complications were examined in a retrospective study. The average observation time was 31 months in the IOL group and 37 months in the ICCE group. Seventy-five per cent in the IOL group and 77% in the ICCE group achieved a visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5. The main cause of a visual acuity less than 0.5 was maculopathy pre-operatively recognized. A visual acuity less than 0.5 due to post-operative complications occurred more frequently in the IOL group (28 eyes) compared with the ICCE group (13 eyes) - P less than 0.01. Twelve intraocular implants (4.3%) had to be removed. The most important cause was dislocation of the IOL (9 eyes). During our first 12 months of IOL implantation 8 dislocations occurred out of 56 implanted eyes (14.3%). The remaining 6 dislocations occurred among the last 231 IOL eyes (2.6%). It is concluded that complications are few, but often serious in intraocular lens implant surgery. Careful pre-operative examination and surgical experience are mandatory.     

带虹膜隔人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并虹膜缺损的疗效观察

目的　评价带虹膜隔人工晶状体植入术治疗白内障合并虹膜缺损的疗效 ,探讨术后并发症的发生机制。方法　收集 2 5例 (2 7只眼 )行带虹膜隔人工晶状体植入术患者 ,分析手术疗效和并发症的发生情况 ,同时应用房角镜和超声生物显微镜 (UBM)观察术后发生继发性青光眼患者的房角结构和人工晶状体襻位置。术后随访时间 3～ 18个月。结果　术后患者畏光症状明显减轻或完全消失 ;术后视力较术前提高≥ 2行 2 0只眼 (74 1% ) ,变化 <1行 5只眼 (18 5 % ) ,下降 >2行 2只眼(7 4 % )。术后并发症包括继发性青光眼 10只眼 (37 0 % )、散光度数≥ 2 0 0D 17只眼 (6 3 0 % )、角膜失代偿 2只眼 (7 4 % )、前房出血 2只眼 (7 4 % )、玻璃体出血 3只眼 (11 1% )、视网膜脱离 1只眼(3 7% )。在继发性青光眼 10只眼 2 0只人工晶状体襻中 ,9只襻准确固定在睫状沟内 ,其他位置包括前房角、睫状突及睫状突后。房角改变包括房角后退、残留虹膜根部前粘连、房角关闭。结论　带虹膜隔人工晶状体植入术可有效治疗白内障合并虹膜缺损 ;术后继发性青光眼主要与房角损伤有关 ,人工晶状体襻位置异常、眼内出血、持续性炎性反应也参与其发生。     

Vitrectomy for chronic pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.

PURPOSE: We report the results of pars plana vitrectomy for chronic pseudophakic cystoid macular edema unresponsive to medical treatment. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 23 consecutive eyes of 23 patients with chronic pseudophakic cystoid macular edema was performed. Eyes with vitreous incarceration into the cataract wound or vitreous-cornea contact were excluded from the study. Preoperatively, all eyes had cystoid macular edema confirmed on fluorescein angiography and were unresponsive to medical treatment. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed using standard techniques and vitreous adhesions to the iris, intraocular lens, or both were lysed if present. RESULTS: The mean interval between cataract surgery and vitrectomy was 32.3+/-30.9 months (median, 20 months; range, 3 to 110 months). The vitreous was adherent to the iris or intraocular lens in 12 eyes (52.2%) and was present in the anterior chamber with no evidence of adhesions in seven eyes (30.4%). In four eyes (17.4%) the vitreous was posterior to the iris plane with no adhesions to anterior segment structures. The median preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200, and the median final postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 20/60 (P<.0001) after a mean follow-up of 30.2+/-31.2 months (median, 14 months; range, 2 to 109 months). Final best-corrected visual acuity improved by a mean of 3.3+/-2.6 Snellen lines, with a median percent change of 70% (mean, 57.3%; range, 0% to 99%). In all 23 eyes the cystoid macular edema resolved postoperatively by biomicroscopic examination in a mean period of 3.3 months (median, 2 months; range, 1 to 12 months). CONCLUSIONS: In pseudophakic eyes with chronic cystoid macular edema unresponsive to medical treatment, vitrectomy resulted in resolution of the cystoid macular edema with improved visual acuity in some cases. Clinical improvement may occur in eyes with no apparent vitreous disturbance.     

儿童后房型人工晶状体二期植入临床分析

目的 总结后房型人工晶状体二期植入矫正儿童无晶状体眼的疗效，探讨儿童二期人工晶状体植入术。方法 对４０只儿童无晶状体眼，在充分离虹膜与后囊膜的粘连，形成开放的后房间隙后，根据后囊膜完整与否，采用不同术式植入式后房型人工晶状体。结果 随访１～２０ｍｏ，平均１３．８５ｍｏ，裸眼视力均等于术前矫正视力，其中，裸眼视力高于术前矫正视力者２３眼（５７．５％），矫正视力高于术前矫正视力者３３眼（８２．５％），     

Retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens for aphakia

Background: To assess outcomes of the iris claw intraocular lens implanted in the retropupillary position for correction of aphakia without adequate capsular support. Design: Retrospective study of patients consulted at two private practices and a tertiary public hospital clinic in Brisbane, Queensland. Samples: Thirty‐two consecutive patients who underwent posterior chamber insertion of the iris claw intraocular lens alone or in combination with other procedure/s by the same consultant ophthalmologist (GL). Methods: Lens power was calculated using an A‐constant of 117.0. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical examination. Results: Thirty‐four eyes in 32 patients (23 male, 9 female) were included in the study. Indications for surgery were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n = 14), aphakia from previous lens extraction/lensectomy (n = 9), subluxation of intraocular lens (n = 7), cataract extraction (n = 2), explantation of anterior chamber intraocular lens due to uveitis (n = 1) and for Baerveldt tube insertion (n = 1). Follow‐up duration ranged from 1 to 68 months. Of the 26 eyes followed for at least 6 months, the final vision improved in 69% (n = 18), remained unchanged in 8% (n = 2) and worsened in 23% (n = 6). Final visual acuity was 6/12 or better in 58% (n = 15). Complications included iris trauma/defect (n = 8), pupil irregularity/ovalization (n = 6), microhyphaema (n = 2) and lens decentration (n = 2). Conclusion: Implantation of the iris claw intraocular lens in the retropupillary position is a useful technique for correction of aphakic eyes with sufficient iris support, avoiding the corneal complications of an anterior chamber intraocular lens and the surgical challenge of a sutured posterior chamber intraocular lens.     

Posterior chamber lens implantation concurrent with vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Combined operation of cataract removal with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy were performed on 25 eyes in 22 patients with cataract concurrent with diabetic retinopathy. In 21 eyes, extracapsular cataract extraction followed by intraocular lens insertion, aiming at in-the-bag fixation, was performed, and in 4 eyes pars plana lensectomy with anterior capsule left and intraocular lens insertion between the iris and anterior capsule was carried out. Mean postoperative follow-up period was 14 months, ranging from 3 to 32 months. Visual acuity on the last examination was 0.5 or better in 2 eyes (8%), 0.1 or better in 12 eyes (48%), and worse than 0.05 in 9 eyes (36%). Major postoperative complications were fibrin reaction (20 eyes, 80%), pupillary deformation (19 eyes, 76%), pupil capture by intraocular lens (3 eyes, 12%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1 eye, 4%), neovascular glaucoma (2 eyes, 8%), and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (13 eyes, 52%). Intraocular pressure was well controlled in neovascular glaucoma cases. At the last examination ocular fundus was invisible due to vitreous hemorrhage in two eyes.     

Implantation of a black diaphragm intraocular lens for traumatic aniridia.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the suitability and safety of a black diaphragm posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom. METHODS: Seven patients who had secondary implantation of a Morcher 67G black diaphragm posterior chamber IOL were identified. All patients were men with a mean age of 42 years who had previous ocular trauma resulting in extensive loss of iris tissue (traumatic aniridia). Simultaneous penetrating keratoplasty was performed in 4 cases. Minimum follow-up was 10 months (mean 19 months). RESULTS: Best corrected visual acuity improved in 5 cases and was unchanged in 1 case. The lens was well centered in 5 cases. Two cases developed secondary glaucoma, 1 requiring trabeculectomy. One case developed infective endophthalmitis but had a visual acuity of 6/18 at last follow-up, and 1 had a vitreous and anterior chamber hemorrhage, which resolved. CONCLUSIONS: The black diaphragm posterior chamber IOL overcame aphakia in eyes with considerable loss of iris tissue and may mitigate the visually disabling effects of traumatic aniridia. Although this lens appears safe, caution should be used in its implantation until more patients with longer follow-up are studied.     

人工晶状体置换术的临床分析

目的 探讨临床行人工晶状体置换术的原因、手术方法和效果。方法 回顾性分析20例（21眼）人工晶状体置换术的原因和手术方法，并对手术效果进行观察。结果 行人工晶状体置换术的原因为人工晶状体位置异常10例10眼（47．6％），人工晶状体瞳孔夹持6例7眼（33．3％），屈光度数误差2例21眼（9．5％），人工晶状体襻脱落2例2眼（9．5％）。手术置换人工晶状体的方法包括晶状体囊袋内植入5眼（23．8％），睫状沟固定6眼（28．6％），植入前房型人工晶状体10眼（47．6％）。术后裸眼远视力≥0．5者12眼（57．1％），0．1～0．4者8眼（38．1％），〈0．1者1眼（4．8％）。术后并发症包括术后一过性高眼压1例，前房出血1例，晶状体后囊膜混浊1例。结论 人工晶状体位置异常、瞳孔夹持、屈光度数误差及人工晶状体襻异常是行人工晶状体置换术的主要原因；掌握操作技巧可减少白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体异常情况发生；人工晶状体置换术是处理人工晶状体异常的有效方法。     

Retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation

Between August 1982 and July 1985, 19 eyes were operated for pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) (Anterior chamber lens in 13 eyes, posterior chamber lens in 3 eyes and iris supported lens in 3 eyes). The characteristics of these pseudophakic retinal detachments were very similar to those following intracapsular cataract extractions. Retina was re-attached in 18 eyes (95%), in 14 eyes, after one buckling procedure. In 4 eyes, altogether 12 surgical procedures were needed to re-attach the retina. Problems to visualize the peripheral retina, made it necessary to remove the IOL in 3 eyes (2 iris fixated and one in the anterior chamber).     

前房型虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗无足够囊膜支撑的无晶状体眼的疗效和安全性

目的 探讨前房型虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗无足够囊膜支撑的无晶状体眼的疗效和安全性。方法 选择河北省眼科医院白内障科2013年1月至2020年12月行晶状体摘出一期或二期植入前房型虹膜夹人工晶状体的患者53例62眼作为研究对象,62眼患者均为无足够囊膜支撑的无晶状体眼。术后随访3～9(5.68±1.29)年,收集患者手术前和末次随访裸眼视力(UCVA)、等效球镜度、眼压、前房深度、人工晶状体眼内固定位置及稳定性、角膜内皮细胞密度(ECD)、术后并发症等指标和临床信息。评价前房型虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗无足够囊膜支撑的无晶状体眼的疗效和安全性。结果 术前62眼UCVA(logMAR)为1.55±0.56,术后为0.23±0.15,术后UCVA较术前显著提高(t=18.64,P=0.00)。术后和末次随访UCVA (logMAR)(0.22±0.14)比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.43,P=0.16),患者术后视力保持稳定。术后末次随访1眼等效球镜度为-1.25 D(为根据另一眼预留),等效球镜度-1.00～<-0.50 D者10眼,-0.50～+0.50 D者51眼。62眼术前...     

应用超声生物显微镜观察后房型人工晶体植入术后的房角改变

目的用超声生物显微镜观察老年性白内障囊外摘除术及后房型人工晶体植入术后房角的变化及相关因素。方法用超声生物显微镜观察老年性白内障囊外摘除术及后房型人工晶体植入术后,３１例（４１只眼）的房角改变。结果虹膜周边前粘连６只眼,瞳孔变形１２只眼,均与人工晶体襻的位置有关;并非所有非囊袋内固定的人工晶体襻均位于睫状体沟;术后残留的晶体皮质,术后３个月仍存留,较多晶体皮质的残留可引起周边虹膜膨隆、房角变窄。结论后房型人工晶体植入术后房角的改变与人工晶体襻的位置及残留的晶体皮质有关;建议尽可能采用囊袋内植入人工晶体,避免过多的晶体皮质残留。     

人工晶状体植入术治疗2岁以下婴幼儿白内障的初步临床观察

目的　探讨白内障摘除前、后撕囊联合前段玻璃体切除及人工晶状体植入术治疗年龄<2岁婴幼儿白内障的可行性。方法　对 2 2例 (2 7只眼 )年龄为 8～ 2 4个月的白内障患儿行白内障摘除、前后撕囊联合前段玻璃体切除及人工晶状体植入术 ,观察术中和术后情况。平均随访时间 12个月。结果　手术均顺利完成。术后 2 6只眼 (96 % )视轴保持透明 ;1只眼视区人工晶状体后出现白色纤维化混浊。瞳孔上移 3只眼 (11% ) ,人工晶状体夹持 2只眼 (7% ) ,虹膜后粘连 4只眼 (15 % )。结论　白内障摘除、前后撕囊联合前段玻璃体切除及人工晶状体植入术治疗年龄 <2岁的婴幼儿白内障 ,可有效保持视轴透明 ,恢复眼部正常解剖结构 ,显著减少并发症的发生 ;视功能的提高有待长期观察。