1996 outlook: systems, for-profit chains, medical groups, religious healthcare, managed care, post-acute care, finance, purchasing, info systems, labor, legal, construction

It's put-up-or-shut-up time for healthcare providers in 1996. Two years ago, everyone talked about fixing the healthcare system. Not much happened. Last year, providers and politicians concentrated on squeezing medical costs. According to some of Modern Healthcare's key beat reports, this year it's back to the basics of running a business.     

International standards and international reference preparations: amphotericin B, vancomycin, capreomycin, cefalotin, demethylchlortetracycline, gentamycin, gramicidin S, kanamycin and kanamycin B, lincomycin, lymecycline, methacycline, paromomycin, rifamycin SV, ristocetin and ristocetin B, spiramycin, and triacetyloleandomycin

Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a standard procedure was used to distribute the material into individual ampoules. The procedure was as follows. Upon receipt by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, materials were stored temporarily in the dark at a temperature of -10°C or lower, and protected from moisture. At a convenient time they were brought back to room temperature, mixed, and distributed into individual neutral glass ampoules so that each ampoule contained 50-100 mg of powder. If it was known that the material was light-sensitive non-actinic glass ampoules were used. After exhaustive drying in vacuum over phosphorus(V) oxide, the ampoules were either constricted (up to 1963) or fitted with capillary leak plugs, dried for a further period under the same conditions, filled with dry nitrogen, and sealed by fusion of the glass. The total drying period varied from 8 to 38 days according to the nature of the material. After they had been tested for leaks, the ampoules were stored in the dark at -20°C.     

高血压患者血清锌、铜、钙、钴、镉、镁、镍、铬、钛的测定

本文应用直流等离子体原子发射光电直读光谱仪测定了60例正常人,45例高血压患者血清锌、铜、钙、钴、镉、镁、镍、铬、钛含量。结果表明,正常人血清锌19.70±3.75μmol/L(1.2876±0.2457μg/ml),铜17.23±3.48μmol/L(1.0945±0.2213μg/ml),钙2211.09±430.72μmol/L(104.6523±17.2634μg/ml),钴2.87±1.05μmol/L(0.3694±0.0616μg/ml),锅0.44±0.27μmol/L(0.0491±0.0300μg/ml),镁783.71±294.29μmol/L(19.0520±7.1543μg/ml),镍0.42±0.27μmol/L(0.0252±0.0156μg/ml),铬0.28±0.24μmol/L(0.0148±0.0123μg/ml),钛0.82±0.50μmol/L(0.0391±0.0243μg/ml),与文献报道值类似。高血压患者血清锌16.45±2.85μmol/L(1.0754±0.1863μg/ml),钙2308.32±276.29μmol/L(92.5175±11.0738μg/ml),钴2.23±0.62μmol/L(0.1316±0.0368μg/ml)和钛0.61±0.31μmol/L(0.0292±0.0147μg/ml),均低于正常对照组(分别为p<0.001,p<0.05)。镉0.85±0.40μmol/L(0.0951±0.0452μg/ml),镁1022.20±399.91μmol/L (24.8497±9.721 8μg/ml)和镉/锌比值高于正常对照组(P<0.001)。而铜17.58±3.11μmol/L(1.1169±0.1973μg/ml),镍0.39±0.01μmol/L(0.0231±0.0045μg/ml),铬0.31±0.12μmol/L(0.0163±0.0     

Human rabies--California, Georgia, Minnesota, New York, and Wisconsin, 2000

On September 20, October 9, 10, 25, and November 1, 2000, persons who resided in California, New York, Georgia, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, respectively, died of rabies. This report summarizes the case investigations.     

机体代谢变化与晕船的关系

目的　探讨晕船对血清铁、铜、锌、尿素氮、肌酐、乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶的影响。方法　以 3 0名 2 0～ 2 2岁男学员为研究对象 ,测定出航前与晕船发生后的血清铁、铜、锌和尿素氮、肌酐、乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶的变化。结果　出航前、后受试者血清锌、铁、尿素氮、肌酐的含量分别为 (10 60± 0 3 3 ) μmol/L ,(2 0 48± 0 96) μmol/L ,(4 2 9±0 18)mmol/L ,(88 13± 3 0 3 ) μmol/L和 (11 98± 0 44 ) μmol/L ,(9 68± 0 66) μmol/L ,(7 11± 0 3 0 )mmol/L ,(10 8 5 9± 3 90 ) μmol/L ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;血清铜、乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶在航行前后分别为 (14 2 9± 1 10 ) μmol/L、(12 9 3 3± 4 12 )U/L、(2 17 13± 40 0 4)U/L和 (13 67± 0 5 6) μmol/L、(146 63± 9 2 2 )U/L、(148 0 7± 9 94)U/L ,无显著性差异。结论　晕船对血清微量元素和尿素氮、肌酐含量有显著影响 ,表现为血清锌、尿素氮、肌酐显著升高 ,血清铁显著下降 ,而对血清铜、乳酸脱氢酶、肌酸激酶无明显影响