孕早期妇女碘营养及垂体-甲状腺功能

目的　揭示妊娠早期对妇女碘营养和垂体 -甲状腺功能的影响。方法　一次性收集连续居住在深圳市 3年以上 ,经济收入中等 ,受孕第 12～ 14周妇女尿及全血 ,采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘和血清碘 ,化学发光法测定垂体 -甲状腺激素。结果　 110例早孕组尿碘 14 6 5 μg/L及血清碘 (82 2 μg/L)明显低于 110例未孕组 (2 93μg/L和90 8μg/L ,P均 <0 0 1) ;其中 70例早孕组FT4(15 2 5 pmol/L)低于未孕组 (16 75 pmol/L ,P <0 0 1) ;FrT3 /FT4(0 331)和TSHs(2 4 1mU/L)明显高于未孕组 (0 314和 1 84mU/ ,P均 <0 0 1)。而早孕组尿碘 <10 0 μg/L有 14 5 %高于未孕组 5 2 % (P <0 0 5 )。结论　在碘营养充足地区早孕第 12～ 14周妇女碘营养和垂体 -甲状腺功能可发生变化。体内碘储备已开始下降 ,FT4降低 ,而TSHs开始增高 ,其中有 3例 (4 3% )超过临床参考值 ,孕期防治IDD应从孕前开始     

碘营养充足地区孕早期尿碘含量及妊娠反应关系

目的 探讨孕早期碘营养变化及妊娠反应的主要影响。方法 一次收集在本市区内连续居住3年以上、经济收入中等水平的孕早期妇女妊娠反应问卷及晨尿，采用GB／T－1998测定尿中碘。结果 早孕组尿碘（G）146．5μg/L，极显低于同龄未孕组和孕中期组（293．9μg/L和182．6μg/L P均＜0．01）。妊娠反应阳性组尿磺（113．0μg/L和碘＜100μgL有29．8％），与妊娠反应阴性组（221．8μg/L和2．7％）的差异均有极显性意义（P均＜0．01）。结论 妊娠早期末就有碘营养水平下降的发生，妊娠反应对此有协同作用。仅依赖食盐补碘对孕早期妇女已不能满足需要。     

广州市孕妇硒碘营养状况调查

目的　了解广州市孕妇孕中、晚期硒碘营养状况。方法　用砷铈接触法测定尿碘 ,用放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定血清甲状腺素 (T4)、促甲状腺激素 (TSH) ,荧光光度法测定静脉全血硒。结果　孕中期血硒含量 (0 1375± 0 0 96 9) μg/ml及孕晚期血硒含量 (0 15 2 8± 0 0 85 9) μg/ml,远低于我国中硒区成人血硒值 (0 35± 0 0 2 ) μg/ml。孕中、晚期血硒含量无明显变化 (P >0 0 5 )。孕中期尿碘中位数为 2 4 9 3μg/L ,<10 0 μg/L者占 4 5 % ;孕晚期尿碘中位数为 2 4 1 2 μg/L ,<10 0 μg/L者占 12 5 % ,两期尿碘值自身比较差异无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。孕中期血清T 4(15 7 0± 6 6 4 )nmol/L ,在正常范围者占 5 8 2 % ;孕晚期血清T4(12 4 4± 5 9 4 )nmol/L ,在正常范围者占 78 3%。孕中期血清TSH(中位数 3 9mU/L) >5mU/L者占 34 3% ,孕晚期血清TSH (中位数 6 9mU/L) >5mU/L者占81 8%。中晚期自身比较TSH >5mU/L与 >5mU/L的人数构成差异有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　广州市孕妇硒碘营养状况良好 ,孕晚期血清TSH >5mU/L者 (81 8% )较多 ,与尿碘、T4水平不一致 ,有待进一步研究。     

孕妇不同孕期碘营养与新生儿甲状腺功能的关系

目的　研究孕妇在妊娠不同时期碘营养水平、甲状腺功能与新生儿甲状腺功能的关系。方法　采用酸消化砷 铈接触法测定尿碘 ,放射免疫分析法测定血清三碘甲腺原氨酸 (T3 )、甲状腺素(T4)、游离T3 (FT3 )、游离T4(FT4) ,免疫放射分析法测定促甲状腺激素 (TSH) ,用ELISA法测定新生儿脐带血滤纸片TSH。结果　妊娠早、中、晚期孕妇尿碘中位数分别为 2 0 6 .3μg/L、16 1.4 μg/L、2 0 3.3μg/L ,尿碘值 <10 0 μg/L的比率分别为14 .6 %、17.1%、11.1%。孕妇血清T3 、T4水平明显高于婚检妇女 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;妊娠早、晚期妇女血清T3 、T4水平差异不显著 ;孕晚期妇女血清FT3 、FT4分别为 (2 .6 1± 0 .4 7)pmol/L、(5 .5 0± 1.5 7)pmol/L。妊娠晚期与妊娠早期、婚检妇女血清TSH水平比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。三组人群TSH频数分布比较 ,差异无显著性 (χ2 =1.138,P >0 .5 )。新生儿脐带血TSH中位数为 1.99mU/L ,>5mU/L的比率为 9.4 %。结论　①在碘盐供应良好的地区 ,对孕妇不需要再补充碘盐以外的其他碘剂 ;②碘营养适宜、甲状腺功能正常的孕妇所生新生儿脐带血TSH >5mU/L的比率 <10 % ;③用非妊娠正常人的FT3 、FT4正常值范围评价孕妇甲状腺功能容易造成错误诊断。     

不同孕期碘营养水平对甲状腺功能激素的影响

目的:探讨孕早、中、晚期妇女不同碘营养水平对甲状腺功能激素水平影响。方法:选取2018年5月-2019年2月本院产科门诊孕妇210例为研究对象,孕早、中、晚期分别为72例、70例、68例,检测所有孕妇的尿碘、血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)和游离甲状腺素(FT4)并比较分析。结果:孕早期组碘缺乏率(38.9%)高于孕中期和孕晚期组(P<0.05);孕早、中期妇女甲状腺功能异常主要表现为低FT4血症和亚临床甲状腺功能减退症,极少数孕晚期孕妇存在甲亢;孕早期碘缺乏妇女甲状腺功能异常率(66.7%)高于孕中和孕晚期妇女(P<0.05);孕晚期碘过量妇女甲状腺功能异常率(30.0%)高于孕早期和孕中期组(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠中、晚孕妇碘营养基本处于适宜水平,但孕早期妇女普遍存在碘缺乏。应密切监测妊娠期妇女,特别是孕早期妇女的碘营养水平,对尿碘<150μg/L或>250μg/L的孕妇均应给与甲状腺功能筛查。     

2020年湖北省孕妇碘营养与甲状腺功能调查

目的了解湖北省孕妇碘营养水平和甲状腺功能状态。方法 2020年按《全国碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)》要求, 采用横断面调查方法, 在湖北省2个山区县和2个平原区, 每个县(区)划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区, 每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道), 每个乡镇(街道)抽取20名孕妇作为调查对象, 检测尿碘含量和甲状腺功能指标[血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)及甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)水平], 分析甲状腺功能异常率及自身特异性抗体阳性率, 并进行甲状腺功能指标相关性分析(Spearman法)。结果共纳入孕妇321人, 其中孕早、中、晚期分别为43、114、164人;尿碘中位数为164.80 μg/L。血清FT3、FT4、TSH、TPOAb、TgAb中位数分别为4.10、12.83 pmol/L, 1.85 mU/L, 15.84、13.35 U/ml, 不同孕期血清FT3、FT4、TSH水平比较, 差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。孕早期FT3与TSH、TPOAb水平均呈负相关(r = - 0...     

碘充足地区妊娠晚期孕妇的碘营养状况及甲状腺功能

目的:探讨碘充足地区妊娠晚期孕妇的碘营养状况及甲状腺功能。方法:收集174例妊娠晚期孕妇的空腹晨尿及静脉血,砷-铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘浓度,化学发光法测定游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)及敏感促甲状腺激素(sTSH),放射免疫分析法测定甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)。结果:孕妇平均年龄(28.07±4.87)岁,尿碘中位数217.06μg/L,大部分(63.2%)孕妇碘营养状况适宜,部分个体处于碘缺乏(27.6%)和碘过量(9.2%)状态。TPOAb和TGAb阳性率分别为24.1%和3.4%,有4例(2.3%)患亚临床甲状腺功能减退。尿碘与FT3、FT及sTSH水平之间相关性差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同尿碘水平孕妇的抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与TPOAb阴性孕妇相比,TPOAb阳性者FT3水平降低,sTSH和尿碘水平升高;与TGAb阴性孕妇相比,TGAb阳性者sTSH水平降低(P<0.05)。结论:该地孕妇整体碘水平适宜,但仍存在碘缺乏和过量的个体,甲状腺自身抗体阳性可能使孕妇甲状腺功能异常,故应加强孕期尿碘水平及甲状腺功能的监测。     

甲状腺功能亢进症伴周期性麻痹患者血睾酮水平的变化及意义

目的 探讨甲状腺功能亢进症伴周期性麻痹(TPP)患者血睾酮(T)水平的变化及意义.方法 选择男性甲状腺功能亢进症患者50例,按是否伴周期性麻痹分为TPP组和单纯甲状腺功能亢进症组(对照组),每组25例,比较两组治疗前后游离甲状腺素(FT4)、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、高敏促甲状腺素(sTSH)、T、促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡生成素(FSH).结果 两组治疗前sTSH、LH、FSH比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).TPP组治疗前FT3、FT4低于对照组[(18.04±7.22)pmol/L比(25.06±14.15) pmol/L,(48.68±19.06) pmol/L比(62.23±27.42) pmol/L],T高于对照组[(12.17±2.09) μg/L比(8.62±2.76) μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).TPP组治疗前FT3、FT4、sTSH、T与治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗前LH、FSH与治疗后比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).对照组治疗前FT3、FT4、sTSH、T与治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗前LH、FSH与治疗后比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组治疗后FT3、FT4、sTSH、LH、FSH比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).TPP组治疗后T高于对照组[(7.25±1.37) μg/L比(6.17±1.35)μg/L],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 TPP患者存在血T水平升高,血T水平升高可能为甲状腺功能亢进症患者发生周期性麻痹的原因之一.     

碘充足地区孕妇碘水平及新生儿甲状腺功能分析

目的了解碘充足地区孕妇碘营养状况及新生儿甲状腺功能。方法选择天津市中心妇产科医院的174名妊娠晚期孕妇为调查对象,收集其空腹晨尿及新生儿脐带血,分别测定尿碘浓度及血清中游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、敏感促甲状腺激素(sTSH)水平。结果 174名孕妇尿碘中位数为217.06μg/L9,.2%孕妇碘过量2,7.6%碘缺乏;新生儿FT3、FT4s、TSH水平为(2.31±0.28)(、16.50±1.34)pmol/L、4.71(3.96～6.04)μU/mL;整体孕妇尿碘水平与新生儿FT3、FT4s、TSH水平无相关性(P>0.05),不同碘营养状况孕妇所产新生儿FT3、FT4水平在各组间差异无统计学意义(P<0.05),碘不足组孕妇所产新生儿的sTSH水平高于碘超足量组;男婴的sTSH水平高于女婴,且男婴的sTSH更偏向于高值分布,经阴道产的新生儿sTSH水平高于剖宫产。结论碘充足地区孕妇整体碘水平适宜,但仍存在碘缺乏和碘过量个体,碘缺乏孕妇所产新生儿患甲减、亚甲减的风险较高;性别和生产方式影响新生儿的sTSH水平。     

甘肃省碘适量地区农村孕妇碘营养及甲状腺功能变化研究

目的评价碘适量农村地区不同孕期孕妇碘营养和甲状腺功能状态及分析其变化规律,为孕妇科学补碘提供指导。方法2013年5—6月在甘肃省永靖县采用横断面方法随机抽取215名农村常住健康孕妇,其中孕早期(0～13周)、孕中期(14～27周)、孕晚期(28～40周)分别为70、72和73名。采集孕妇一次性随机尿样10ml测定尿碘,血样测定促甲状腺素(TSH)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT。)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT,)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb),同时采集居民家中食盐、饮用水分别测定盐碘和水碘含量。结果孕早、中、晚期妇女尿碘中位数分别为189.8、152.5和144.9 μg／L,除孕晚期妇女外其余两组妇女尿碘中位数均达到WHO推荐标准。随孕龄的增加FL水平呈下降趋势(F=6.983,P=0.001),孕早期FT,水平高于孕中期和孕晚期(P<0.05);各孕期FT。水平变化不大(P>0.05);TSH水平随孕期增加,呈现“u”形曲线,不同孕期TSH水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕早期TGAb、TPOAb中位数最低,孕中期和孕晚期保持较高水平,不同孕期抗体水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。孕妇甲状腺功能紊乱发生率为1.86％,其中亚临床甲状腺功能减低占1.40％,甲状腺功能减低占0.47％,主要分布在孕早期。FT³、TSH水平异常者和TGAb、TPOAb阳性者均主要分布在孕早期。TSH、FT³、FT⁴、TGAb和TPOAb随尿碘水平变化不明显。结论随孕龄增加孕妇碘营养不足亦增加,甲状腺激素、TSH及甲状腺抗体异常均主要分布在孕早期,建议孕妇全程开展甲状腺功能和尿碘检查。     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programmeconducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involvedin chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staffreceived training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linkedto a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new casesof occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before andafter the intervention respectively (p<0.0001). After otherfactors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changesin reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken intoaccount it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importanceof worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease.Training materials such as video and poster presentations maybe effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry asan adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substanceshazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in otherindustries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.     

Regional Variation in Travel-related Illness acquired in Africa,March 1997–May 2011

To understand geographic variation in travel-related illness acquired in distinct African regions, we used the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database to analyze records for 16,893 ill travelers returning from Africa over a 14-year period. Travelers to northern Africa most commonly reported gastrointestinal illnesses and dog bites. Febrile illnesses were more common in travelers returning from sub-Saharan countries. Eleven travelers died, 9 of malaria; these deaths occurred mainly among male business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. The profile of illness varied substantially by region: malaria predominated in travelers returning from Central and Western Africa; schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and dengue from Eastern and Western Africa; and loaisis from Central Africa. There were few reports of vaccine-preventable infections, HIV infection, and tuberculosis. Geographic profiling of illness acquired during travel to Africa guides targeted pretravel advice, expedites diagnosis in ill returning travelers, and may influence destination choices in tourism.     

The design of hazard risk assessment matrices for ranking occupational health risks and their application in mining and minerals processing

Two hazard risk assessment matrices for the ranking of occupational health risks are described. The qualitative matrix uses qualitative measures of probability and consequence to determine risk assessment codes for hazard-disease combinations. A walk-through survey of an underground metalliferous mine and concentrator is used to demonstrate how the qualitative matrix can be applied to determine priorities for the control of occupational health hazards. The semi-quantitative matrix uses attributable risk as a quantitative measure of probability and uses qualitative measures of consequence. A practical application of this matrix is the determination of occupational health priorities using existing epidemiological studies. Calculated attributable risks from epidemiological studies of hazard-disease combinations in mining and minerals processing are used as examples. These historic response data do not reflect the risks associated with current exposures. A method using current exposure data, known exposure-response relationships and the semi-quantitative matrix is proposed for more accurate and current risk rankings.     

Psychopathological features of a patient population of targets of workplace bullying

BACKGROUND: A strong association between workplace bullying and subsequent anxiety and depression, indicated by empirical research, suggests that bullying is an aetiological factor for mental health problems. AIMS: To evaluate levels of stress and anxiety-depression disorder developed by targets of workplace bullying together with outcome at 12 months and to characterize this population in terms of psychopathology and sociodemographic features. METHODS: Forty-eight patients (36 women and 12 men) meeting Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror criteria for bullying were included in a prospective study. Evaluations were performed at first consultation and at 12 months using a standard clinical interview, a visual analogue scale of stress, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, the Beech scale of stress in the workplace and a projective test (Picture-Frustration Study). RESULTS: At first consultation, 81% of patients showed high levels of perceived stress at work and 83 and 52% presented with anxiety or depression, respectively. At 12 months, only 19% of working patients expressed a feeling of stress at work. There was a significant change in symptoms of anxiety while there was no change in symptoms of depression. Stress at work and depression influenced significatively capacity to go back to work. At 12-month assessments, workers showed a significantly better score on the HAD scale than non-workers. Over half the targets presented a neuroticism-related predominant personality trait. CONCLUSION: Workplace bullying can have severe mental health repercussions, triggering serious and persistent underlying disorders.     

The rise and fall in incidence of malignant mesothelioma from a British Naval Dockyard, 1979-1999

BACKGROUND: The incidence of malignant mesothelioma in Britain is predicted to rise over the next 15-25 years because of past failure to protect the workforce against inhalation of asbestos. In British Naval dockyards, alternative insulation materials and respiratory protection were introduced from the mid-1960s. Aims This study was carried out to investigate the effects of these control measures on mesothelioma deaths in dockyard workers. METHODS: Cases of mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum between 1979 and 1999 in workers from the Devonport Naval Dockyard, south-west England, were sought from coroners' and medico-legal records. RESULTS: Three hundred and one cases were identified, 7% peritoneal. The peak incidence occurred in 1991 with 25 cases per annum (quadratic model fit R(2) = 74.2%, P < 0.001) and we predict that by 2003 the incidence will fall to fewer than five cases per annum. The mean time between first exposure and presentation was 48.5 years [95% confidence interval (CI) = 47.3-49.8], but this was significantly shorter in the more heavily exposed trades, when compared with the less heavily exposed (42 years, 95% CI = 39.0-45.0, versus 49.5 years, 95% CI = 48.2-50.9). Those with higher exposure were also at significantly greater risk of peritoneal disease (P < 0.023, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION: The reduction in incidence of mesothelioma is greater than can be accounted for by reduction in numbers of dockyard workers over the last 50 years. Changes in insulation materials and improved industrial hygiene measures introduced into the Devonport Dockyard from the mid-1960s have resulted in an earlier decline in the incidence of malignant mesothelioma than that predicted for the British workforce as a whole.     

Organophosphate toxicity and occupational exposure

The ubiquitous organophosphates present a continuing health hazard in agriculture, public health eradication programmes and as chemical warfare agents. Despite significant progress in understanding the potential mechanisms of toxicity far beyond the commonly accepted mechanism of cholinesterase inhibition in intentional exposures, the precise health effects following occupational exposures are yet to be completely defined. A much greater understanding exists of the clinical features of organophosphate poisoning. These are characterized by a triphasic response involving an initial acute cholinergic phase, an intermediate syndrome (both associated with high mortality) and a disabling but non-lethal delayed polyneuropathy. The delayed polyneuropathy may occur in the absence of the cholinergic or intermediate phases. However, progress is still required in order to improve the quantification and assessment of occupational exposures and the implementation of appropriate preventive measures. Finally, evidence-based guidelines for appropriate or optimal therapeutic interventions following poisoning are required urgently and collaborative work with colleagues in developing countries, where the occurrence of organophosphate exposures is more frequent, may provide the answers.     

Miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners

This report documents a case series of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in miners at a deep underground metalliferous mine in tropical arid Australia. During the summer months of February and March 1999, all cases of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners seen at the mine's medical centre were clinically examined and administered a questionnaire. Twenty-five patients were seen, an incidence of 56.4 cases per million man-hours. Miliaria rubra was most often located between the ankle and knee (88% of cases). Twenty-four percent had concurrent folliculitis and 20% had concurrent tinea. Thirty-two percent had a personal history of asthma. Walking through ground-water and splashing of the legs was common. Three to 4 weeks of sedentary duties in air conditioning was generally required to achieve resolution of miliaria rubra. The incidence of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs is 38% of the incidence of heat exhaustion at the same mine. The length of disablement is greater, however. Atopics may be at increased risk of miliaria rubra. Control measures are discussed.     

Planning research

The starting point for any research project should be a question.Once this has been defined and the relevant scientific literaturereviewed, a protocol should be drawn up. This will be used notonly as a guide to the conduct of the study and in the preparationof the final report, but also in seeking any financial supportand approvals that are required for the investigation. A protocolis normally arranged in sections covering the background tothe study, the question(s) that it will address, the methodsthat will be used for the collection and analysis of data, thestatistical power of the investigation (where relevant), anyethical considerations, and the financial input that will beneeded. A pilot study is often helpful where aspects of thestudy method are untried or of uncertainvalidity.     

Stress in the Norwegian police service

BACKGROUND: High levels of stress have been attributed to the conditions of police work, but there is little empirical evidence for this. AIMS: To develop a new instrument to measure job stress in the police; to assess the most severe and frequent police stressors; to compare levels of stress according to the demographic and organizational factors; and to study stress in relation to personality traits, work locus of control and coping strategies. METHODS: A comprehensive nationwide questionnaire survey of 3272 Norwegian police at all hierarchical levels, including the Norwegian Police Stress Survey (NPSS), the Job Stress Survey, the Basic Character Inventory, the Work Locus of Control Scale, and the Coping Strategies Scale. RESULTS: Work injuries were appraised as the most stressful but least frequent stressor and job pressure was reported the least severe but most frequent stressor. Females experienced job stressors less frequently, but appraised them as more severe than men did. Older police officers reported more job pressure severity and fewer work injuries. The police in districts where peer support was planned but not implemented, and who worked in districts with more than 50,000 inhabitants, perceived the lack of support more severely than others. The correlations between stress and personality traits, work locus of control, and coping were moderate. CONCLUSIONS: The NPSS captures police-specific stressors that are not adequately measured by global stress instruments. The study of stress in police work should preferably involve a nationwide use of police-specific stress instruments.