来宾市近年新报告有配偶或固定性伴HIV/AIDS病例特征分析

目的了解2015—2019年来宾市新报告有配偶/固定性伴HIV/AIDS的病例特征,探索对艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人配偶/固定性伴降低性接触传播的有效预防措施,为来宾市艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法对2015—2019年来宾市新报告HIV/AIDS中有配偶/固定性伴的病例进行调查、核实与分析。结果 2015—2019年新报告HIV/AIDS存活并随访到的已婚有配偶/固定性伴病例1 582例,占全部新发现报告存活病例的49.55%,配偶/固定性伴检测率为88.24%,阳性检出率为46.79%。感染途径以异性传播途径为主(99.43%),其中2019年为100.00%;主要接触史以非婚异性性接触史(商业)为主(46.65%),配偶/固定性伴阳性(25.47%)占比逐年增高,从2015年最低的22.18%升至2019年最高的29.22%;样本来源以其他就诊者检测为主(36.79%),在2019年达到最高(44.50%);CD4检测率为94.88%,每年均达到考核要求;接受抗病毒治疗覆盖率为69.28%,2017年最低,为49.83%,2019年达到最高,为89.54%。结论来宾市新报告HIV/AIDS与配偶或固定性伴间传播是造成艾滋病经异性传播的重要途径之一,应扩大筛查,配偶/固定性伴定期检测HIV,早发现、早干预、早治疗,减少HIV/AIDS病例配偶/固定性伴间传播。     

临沂市HIV感染者检测阳性前配偶感染状况调查

目的观察近5年临沂市新发现HIV感染者检测阳性前配偶的感染状况以及影响配偶间经性传播的主要影响因素,为制定针对单阳家庭的防预措施提供依据。方法选取经培训合格的调查人员对相关医院和疾控中心所登记的具备调查条件的已婚HIV感染者及其配偶进行一对一、面对面的问卷调查,对合格的问卷调查结果进行统计分析,对夫妻中先确证HIV感染者一方感染途径、先确证HIV感染者和后确证感染者或未感染者的人口学特征以及影响家庭内配偶经性传播HIV的主要影响因素进行比较和分析。结果根据纳入和排除标准符合调查并自愿参与的HIV感染者458例,HIV感染者中感染途径为非夫妻性行为215例(46.94%),静脉吸毒传播61例(13.32%),男性同性恋性行为5例(1.09%),不详32例(6.99%),单阳先感染者和双阳新感染者均以非夫妻性行为为主要感染途径;单因素方差分析显示,单阳先感染者与双阳先感染者在性别、文化程度、既往性病感染情况、既往安全套使用情况、是否接受免费艾滋病防治教育以及是否接受抗病毒治疗方面存在明显差异(P0.05);与单阳感染者相比,双阳先感染者男性感染人数、本科以上文化程度、既往有性病感染史人数以及接受抗病毒治疗的人数均明显减少(P0.05),多因素logistic回归分析显示,先感染者性别、既往感染情况、既往安全套使用情况、是否接受免费艾滋病防治教育以及确诊后是否接受抗病毒治疗情况与配偶感染呈正相关,先感染者为男性、既往有性病感染史、既往少用安全套、确诊后未接受免费艾滋病防治教育以及未接受抗病毒治疗是配偶后感染HIV的危险因素。结论性传播依然是目前临沂市新发HIV感染的主要传播途径,增强艾滋病防治以及安全套使用意识,加强对性病感染者和确诊HIV感染人群的艾滋病知识教育以及抗病毒治疗是改善HIV感染率以及先感染者配偶感染状况的重要影响因素。     

临海市男男性行为HIV感染者干预效果评估

目的 了解对男男性行为HIV感染者(MSM感染者)的干预效果,为有针对性的随访管理提供参考。方法 通过全国艾滋病综合防治数据信息系统,将现住址为“浙江省临海市”且为2008年1月1日至2015年12月31日报告并随访满1年的所有MSM感染者纳入分析,分析该人群随访1年前后艾滋病相关危险性行为、配偶/固定性伴变化情况等。结果 临海市随访满1年的MSM感染者共96例,其中20~29岁者占40.6%,高中及以上文化程度者占54.2%,未婚者占60.4%。在告知配偶/性伴的MSM感染者中,已婚MSM感染者配偶HIV感染率为2.9%(1/34),明显低于未婚组同性固定性伴的感染率57.1%(4/7),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.27,P=0.001);96例MSM感染者治疗率达95.8%(92/96),治疗后病毒有效抑制率达98.9%(91/92)。经过1年随访,MSM感染者发生艾滋病相关危险性行为的比例由44.8%(43/96)下降至4.2%(4/96),报告时为已婚的MSM感染者由34例(35.4%)下降到27例(28.1%),但同时也有4例由未婚转变为有同性固定性伴。结论 临海市MSM感染者经随访干预后,艾滋病相关危险性行为比例下降明显,且MSM感染者无配偶维持率高,同性性伴阳性告知率低,应继续加强MSM感染者的随访管理及干预,特别是仍有危险行为的感染者,以降低MSM感染者HIV二代传播风险。     

四川省HIV配偶/固定性伴间传播现状调查

目的 了解四川省大竹县、达县和乐山市中区HIV在配偶/固定性伴间传播情况,为制定防治策略提供依据.方法 以有配偶或固定性伴的HIV感染者/患者及其配偶或固定性伴为调查对象,采用自制调查问卷进行问卷调查;采集配偶/固定性伴的静脉血样检测HIV抗体.结果 配偶/固定性伴间性接触感染HIV的比例为37.8％(48/127);男性传染给女性的HIV传播率为43.6％(44/101),女性传染给男性的传播率为15.4％ (4/26),男传女的传播率高于女传男(x2=6.984,P＜0.05);异性性接触感染者的配偶/固定性伴间传播率为38.2％( 29/76),略低于注射吸毒感染者的41.5％( 17/41),差异无统计学意义;感染HIV后,与配偶/固定性伴安全套坚持使用率为72.8％(107/147).结论 四川省配偶/固定性伴间HIV性传播率较高,男传女概率大于女传男;部分感染者/患者存在多性伴现象,且未坚持使用安全套,应进一步规范HIV阳性告知程序,进行有针对性的家庭内传播干预.     

艾滋病病毒感染者／艾滋病病人配偶／固定性伴HIV感染现状调查

[目的]了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)病人配偶/固定性伴HIV感染现状,探索艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人(PLWHA)配偶/固定性伴降低胜接触传播的有效预防措施.[方法]对已确认的PLWHA的配偶/固定性伴采血进行HIV抗体检测.[结果]对全县可随访到的PLWHA的配偶/固定性伴73例进行了艾滋病毒抗体(抗-HIV)筛查,检出阳性23例,占31.51%.[结论]对PLWHA及其配偶/固定性伴进行健康教育、行为干预,是今后澄江县艾滋病控制工作的重点和难点.定期随访,指导PLWHA做到每次性交时正确使用安全套是减少配偶、性伴间传播HIV的有效方法.     

荆州市2012-2013年艾滋病自愿咨询检测

目的了解荆州市接受艾滋病自愿咨询检测（VCT）服务人群的现状,为探寻HIV感染重点人群、为制定艾滋病防治措施提供科学依据。方法对荆州市2012-2013年接受VCT服务的人员的人口学状况、求询原因、危险行为等进行统计学分析。结果 10 701名求询者中男性5 751人,女性4 950人,男女性别比为1.16∶1。年龄主要集中在20~49岁,占92.17%;已婚有配偶的7 678人（71.75%）;求询者中有非商业非固定异性性行为史的占45.41%;有商业异性性行为史的占35.49%;10 701名求询者接受了HIV抗体检测,检出阳性72例,HIV检出率为0.67%。配偶/固定性伴阳性史的咨询者HIV抗体检出率最高,为8.72%（13/149）,有男男性行为者次之。结论VCT是及时发现HIV感染者的有效手段,有非婚非固定异性性行为、商业性性行为及男男性行为者是感染HIV的重点人群。     

扬州市江都区HIV/AIDS的配偶检测与感染状况分析

目的了解江都区HIV/AIDS的配偶HIV检测与感染状况,为做好当地HIV/AIDS病例管理工作提供参考。方法于2016年1月以该辖区随访管理的HIV/AIDS的配偶计158人为研究对象,对其截止2015年12月31日HIV抗体检测与感染状况进行回顾性分析。结果 158名感染者配偶HIV检测比例为74.68%(11 8/158),其中知晓组(已知晓感染者的感染状况)为99.01%(100/101),未知晓组为31.58%(18/57),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=87.625,P=0.000)。共检出22例HIV阳性,配偶HIV阳性率为18.64%(22/118),不同特征的感染者配偶HIV阳性率差异均无统计学意义。结论江都区HIV/AIDS的配偶检测比例较低,HIV阳性率较高,今后需强化感染者的配偶告知这一环节,从而提高配偶的检测比例,同时要落实好单阳家庭早期抗病毒治疗及安全套推广等综合性干预措施,减少配偶间传播。     

2015年云浮市艾滋病自愿咨询检测现况分析

目的 了解2015年云浮市艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)门诊求询者现况,为艾滋病预防控制提供依据.方法 搜集2015年1—12月全市所有VCT门诊求询者信息,以及HIV抗体和梅毒检测结果等资料进行分析.结果 2015年云浮市VCT门诊接受咨询检测服务2710人,男女比为1:1.35,平均年龄31岁,以初、高中(中专)文化程度为主(占68.2%),以已婚有配偶为主(占80.3%).求询者主要来源于主动求询,以既往未接受HIV抗体检测人群为主.HIV抗体阳性率前三位者依次为有注射毒品史(27.3%)、配偶或固定性伴阳性(18.8%)、有男男性行为史(11.4%).以不同求询原因求询的人群HIV阳性检出率和梅毒阳性检出率均不同,均具有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论 今后云浮市VCT服务可从青、中年人群、低文化人群以及吸毒者、配偶/固定性伴阳性者、男男性行为者和商业异生性行为者着手,扩大VCT覆盖面,加强知识宣传、行为干预和HIV抗体筛查,可早期发现更多感染者.     

2016—2018年南通市通州区HIV筛查情况及抗病毒治疗效果

目的分析南通市通州区艾滋病病毒(HIV)筛查情况及抗病毒效果,为艾滋病防治工作提供参考。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2016—2018年南通市通州区HIV抗体筛查情况及抗病毒效果进行分析。结果 2016—2018年南通市通州区共筛查HIV抗体456 894人次,样品主要来自其他就诊者和术前检测,分别占52.60%、20.25%。确证阳性98例,确证阳性率2.14/万,初筛阳性病例主要来自其他就诊者、阳性配偶或性伴及自愿咨询检测,分别占55.63%、21.85%、7.95%。不同来源样本的初筛、确证阳性率均以阳性者配偶或性伴检测为高(25.00%、21.97%),其次为女性病例或感染者子女(均为76.92/万)。33.93%的新发现艾滋病病人及感染者(AIDS/HIV)当年第1次CD4+T淋巴细胞200/μL,3年CD4+T淋巴细胞200/μL的艾滋病人构成比分别为33.93%、27.08%、39.06%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。共612人次接受抗病毒治疗≥1年,HIV病毒载量中位数均20/mL;服药依从性差者的病毒载量中位数(43 750/mL)较正常服药者(20/mL)明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论南通市通州区HIV抗体阳性发现时期较晚,抗病毒治疗的效果较好。     

男男性接触HIV感染者早期抗病毒治疗可接受性状况调查

目的 调查男男性接触(MSM) HIV感染者早期接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗意愿及其影响因素.方法 2012年6-8月,采用方便抽样方法,从杭州市和宁波市艾滋病综合防治数据库中选取能够配合调查的MSM感染者作为调查对象.共有280例未开始抗病毒治疗的MSM HIV感染者接受了调查.采用自行设计的问卷,调查了其人口学特征、艾滋病知识知晓情况、性行为信息、安全套使用情况、目前身体状况、对于早期抗病毒治疗的认知情况及接受意愿等相关信息.剔除其中60例CD4+T细胞水平不符合纳入标准的感染者后,共有220例纳入分析.采用x2检验比较不同特征调查对象早期抗病毒治疗可接受性的差异,应用非条件logistic回归分析研究早期抗病毒治疗可接受性的影响因素.结果 HIV感染者早期抗病毒治疗的接受率为62.7％ (138/220).认为早期抗病毒治疗可以延缓发病、可以预防性伴感染、不担心周围人怀疑自己有病和性伴不知晓感染状况者具有较高的可接受意愿,可接受率分别为68.8％(130/189)、68.7％ (103/150)、78.4％(69/88)、72.5％(74/102),与之相对应者的可接受率分别为24.1％(7/29)、50.0％(30/60)、52.7％(68/129)、45.8％(58/107),差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为21.46、6.43、14.84、7.55,P值均＜0.05).logistic回归分析结果显示,认为早期抗病毒治疗可以延缓发病(OR=11.50,95％CI:3.29～40.22)和认为可以预防性伴感染(OR =3.72,95％ CI:1.53～9.03)的感染者更倾向于接受早期抗病毒治疗,而担心周围人怀疑自己有病(OR =0.19,95％CI:0.08 ～ 0.48)和性伴知晓其感染状况(OR =0.31,95％ CI:0.13～0.70)的感染者更倾向于不接受早期抗病毒治疗.结论 MSM HIV感染者早期抗病毒治疗可接受性较高,对于早期抗病毒治疗的认识、隐私泄露的顾虑是促进其接受治疗的主要影响因素.     

Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive men and women

CONTEXT: HIV-positive men and women may have fertility desires and may intend to have children. The extent of these desires and intentions and how they may vary by individuals' social and demographic characteristics and health factors is not well understood. METHODS: Interviews were conducted from September through December 1998 with 1,421 HIV-infected adults who were part of the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study, a nationally representative probability sample of 2,864 HIV-infected adults who were receiving medical care within the contiguous United States in early 1996. RESULTS: Overall, 28-29% of HIV-infected men and women receiving medical care in the United States desire children in the future. Among those desiring children, 69% of women and 59% of men actually expect to have one or more children in the future. The proportion of HIV-infected women desiring a child in the future is somewhat lower than the overall proportion of U.S. women who desire a child. The fertility desires of HIV-infected individuals do not always agree with those of their partners: As many as 20% of HIV-positive men who desire children have a partner who does not Generally, HIV-positive individuals who desire children are younger, have fewer children and report higher ratings of their physical functioning or overall health than their counterparts who do not desire children, yet desire for future childbearing is not related to measures of HIV progression. HIV-positive individuals who expect children are generally younger and less likely to be married than those who do not. Multivariate analyses indicate that black HIlV-positive individuals are more likely to expect children in the future than are others. While HIV-positive women who already have children are significantly less likely than others both to desire and to expect more births, partner's HIV status has mixed effects: Women whose partner's HIVstatus is known are significantly less likely to desire children but are significantly more likely to expect children in the future than are women whose partner's HIV status is unknown. Moreover, personal health status significantly affects women's desire for children in the future but not men's, while health status more strongly influences men's expectations to have children. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that many HIV-infected adults desire and expect to have children has important implications for the prevention of vertical and heterosexual transmission of HIV, the need for counseling to facilitate informed decision-making about childbearing and childrearing, and the future demand for social services for children born to infected parents.     

Social inequalities in the association between partner/marital status and health among workers in Spain

The objectives of this study are to examine the association between partner/marital status and several health outcomes among workers and to assess whether it depends on gender and occupational social class. The sample was composed of all workers aged 21-64 years interviewed in the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey (8563 men and 5881 women). Partner/marital status had seven categories: married and living with the spouse (reference category), married and not living with the spouse, cohabiting, single and living with parents, single and not living with parents, separated/divorced and widowed. Four health outcomes were analysed: self-perceived health status, mental health, psychiatric drugs consumption and hypertension. Multiple logistic regression models stratified by sex and social class were fitted. Female manual workers who were cohabiting were more likely to report poor self-perceived health status, poor mental health status, psychiatric medication consumption and hypertension than their married and living with the spouse counterparts. In that group the prevalence of poor health outcomes was even higher when compared with single people. Among male non-manual workers, being married and not living with the spouse was associated with poor self-perceived health status, poor mental health status and hypertension. There were almost no differences in health between being married and the rest of partner/marital status categories for different combinations of gender and social class and, even, some groups of single people reported better health outcomes than people who were married. Our results show no evidence that being married and living with the spouse is unequivocally linked to better health status among Spanish workers. They emphasize the importance of not only considering marital status, but also partner status, as well as the role of gender, social class and the sociocultural context in the analysis of the association between family characteristics and health.     

Spousal influence on smoking behaviors in a US community sample of newly married couples

Among married couples, partners often have similar characteristics and behaviors. Among individuals who smoke cigarettes, it is not uncommon for them to have a partner who also smokes. In fact, having a partner who smokes can influence the spouse's initiation of smoking, or return to smoking after a previous quit attempt. Additionally, it is possible that a nonsmoking partner can influence his/her spouse to stop smoking. Participants for this research are from a community sample of couples in the United States. They were recruited at the time they applied for their marriage license and followed through to their second wedding anniversary. Logistic regression models, controlling for demographics, were utilized to determine if a partner's smoking status predicted smoking initiation or relapse over the early years of marriage. Overall, there was some support that a partner's smoking status did influence the other's smoking, although more support was found for spousal influence on relapse than cessation. There was more support for husband's influence compared to wife's influence, nonsmoking wives were more likely to resume smoking in the early years of their marriage if their partners were smokers. Wives' smoking, however, did not predict husband initiation of smoking. These findings suggest that during the transition into marriage, spouses do influence their partners' behaviors. In particular, women are more likely to resume smoking, or return to smoking if their partners smoke.     

Epidemiological profile of the clientele in HIV Testing and Counseling Centers in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, 2005

This study analyzes the user profile of HIV Testing and Counseling Centers in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in 2005, and factors associated with HIV infection. The methodology employed a retrospective, cross-sectional study of individuals who attended Testing and Counseling Centers. Data from 22,846 interviews were analyzed (64.7% women and 35.3% men). HIV prevalence was 2.0% in women and 5.6% in men. Statistical analysis used bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression by gender. According to the Poisson regression, factors associated with HIV+ status were age bracket, schooling, marital status, professional situation, population group, steady partner's risk status, condom use, and reason for not using condoms with steady partner; for men, the independent variables were age bracket, schooling, type of partner, population group, steady partner's risk status, condom use, and reason for not using condoms with steady partner. HIV+ patterns differed between men and women, so that customized preventive approaches are needed.     

柳州市女性HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗后CD4变化情况及其影响因素研究

目的 了解柳州市女性人类免疫缺陷病毒携带者/艾滋病（human immunodeficiency virus carriers/acquired immune deficiency syndrome,HIV/AIDS）患者抗病毒治疗现状,探讨抗病毒治疗后CD4变化的影响因素,为今后改善该人群抗病毒治疗效果提供了理论依据。方法 采用横断面研究的方法,在2016年10月~2017年1月间,对柳州市接受病毒治疗的女性HIV/AIDS进行问卷调查,收集患者的相关信息和CD4计数情况,采用多因素有序Logistic回归模型对其抗病毒治疗后CD4计数变化的影响因素进行分析。结果 428名女性HIV/AIDS患者接受抗病毒治疗后12月CD4计数水平明显增加（Z=-16.596,P<0.001）,配偶/固定性伴性行为（OR=1.465,95% CI:1.009~2.128,P=0.045）是抗病毒治疗后CD4变化的保护因素,吸食/注射毒品（OR=0.063,95% CI:0.007~0.547,P=0.012）、抑郁分级、治疗前合并机会性感染（OR=0.423,95% CI:0.281~0.636,P<0.001）、治疗前合并肺结核（OR=0.334,95% CI:0.179~0.622,P=0.001）是抗病毒治疗后CD4变化的危险因素。结论 本研究结果显示抗病毒治疗12月后CD4计数水平明显增加,同时表明了促进配偶/固定性伴性行为,改变不良生活行为,改善心理健康状况,积极治疗AIDS相关疾病或感染可能有效的改善抗病毒治疗效果。     

Sex therapy for erectile dysfunction: Characteristics of couples,treatment outcome,and prognostic factors

Outcome and prognostic factors were studied in 36 couples who entered sex therapy because of the male partners' erectile dysfunction. Treatment was completed by two thirds. Noncompletion was associated with lower socioeconomic status, the female partner having a history of psychiatric treatment, pretreatment poorer motivation of the male partner, poor communication in the general relationship, and less sexual pleasure experienced by the female. A positive treatment outcome occurred in 69.4%, and was associated with better pretreatment communication and general sexual adjustment, especially the female partner's interest and enjoyment of sex, absence of a positive psychiatric history in the female partner, and a couple's early engagement in homework assignments. Results highlight important aspects of the initial assessment, indicate couples for whom the initial phase of treatment should be prolonged and modified or an alternative approach considered, and have implications for assignment of couples to treatment groups in evaluative studies of therapy.     

河南省HIV配偶间性传播流行病学调查

目的了解河南省报告的艾滋病配偶间性传播者的流行病学特征,为制定更有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对2011年1月至2012年6月,河南省189个县区通过国家艾滋病网络直报系统报告的感染途径是“异性传播”且接触史是“配偶HIV阳性”的配偶间性传播者进行面对面调查。结果共调查557例HIV配偶间性传播感染者,其中男性占37．7％,女性占62．3％,70．7％的HIV感染者是40岁以上;49．7％的感染者感染前配偶间性生活频次在2～3次／月,得知配偶感染后73．4％的感染者性行为次数减少;46．9％的感染者从未使用过安全套;58．3％的感染者不习惯使用安全套,13．3％的感染者由于不知道配偶感染而没有使用安全套;38．4％的配偶间性传播者其配偶属于异性传播,59．3％的配偶间性传播者的配偶因既往采供血或输血感染HIV;50．3％的感染者是由医务人员告知其配偶感染HIV,73．6％的配偶双方HIV检测确认时间差值在3个月内。结论报告的HIV配偶间性传播者中属于配偶双方同时检测确认的比例较高,应采取定期随访检测、早期抗病毒治疗等综合干预措施预防HIV配偶间性传播。     

Interpersonal issues surrounding HIV counseling and testing, and the phenomenon of "testing by proxy"

This multimethod study explored challenges faced by women in close heterosexual relationships who decided to test for HIV, and their experiences with instituting safer sexual practices and partner testing. Eighty-one women who sought HIV counseling and testing and had a regular male sexual partner were interviewed on five occasions, and 18 of these women and 15 men later took part in one of four focus groups (women only, men only, or couples). Findings identified difficulty understanding the unpredictability of HIV transmission, gender differences in how partners interpret their susceptibility to HIV, and male resistance to safer sex and testing. We also identified a pervasive phenomenon of "testing by proxy"--the belief that if one partner tests negative for HIV after having unprotected intercourse, the untested partner's serostatus is deemed to be negative. This dangerous practice must be addressed in public health prevention efforts. Programs aiming to reduce heterosexual HIV risk for women must include their male partners and incorporate effective interpersonal communication skills.     

艾滋病病毒感染者配偶艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查及HIV感染状况分析

目的 了解艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者配偶对艾滋病（AIDS）的认知及其感染状况，为开展有针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法 分别选择一个示范区和非示范区，采取整群抽样的方法，对420名感染者配偶进行问卷调查和HIV抗体检测。结果 感染者配偶的艾滋病知晓率为100％，94.29％正确回答艾滋病的传播途径；HIV抗体检测率为44．76％；91．43％认为应为感染者身份保密，94．05％认为艾滋病病人应该享有平等的工作和劳动的权利；44．52％认为配偶感染HIV后可仍与其有性生活；50％～60％知道病人出现发热、腹泻、头痛等症状时的正确处理方法；感染者配偶HIV感染率为5．71％。非示范区较高。与其性别等因素无关。结论 应继续加大对高危人群的检测力度；要加强对HIV感染者配偶的家庭护理教育；示范区防制措施和方法应向非示范区逐步推行。     

Sexual Insistence and Disliked Sexual Activities In Young Adulthood: Differences by Gender And Relationship Characteristics

CONTEXT: Because sexual negotiations within young adult couples have consequences for sexual and reproductive health, it is important to determine associations between relationship contexts and sexual insistence.
METHODS: Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted on data from 4,469 young adults participating in Wave 3 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (2001–2002). Analyses examined predictors of respondents' having experienced sexual insistence and having repeatedly engaged in sexual behaviors they disliked in a current relationship of at least three months' duration.
RESULTS: Seven percent of men and 8% of women had had unwanted sex at their partner's insistence. A significantly greater proportion of women than of men (12% vs. 3%) had engaged repeatedly in sexual activities they disliked, primarily fellatio and anal sex. Relationship characteristics were associated with sexual insistence, but gender was not. For example, female respondents who reported unreciprocated love for their partner had higher odds of reporting sexual insistence perpetration than those who reported that they and their partner loved each other (odds ratio, 3.9). Females were more likely than males to report repeated participation in disliked sexual activities (3.7); relationship characteristics were relatively unimportant for this outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Young adults of both genders may need education on the importance of accepting a partner's sexual desires and being sensitive to both a partner's unwillingness to engage in an activity and the true extent of a partner's dislike of certain activities. They may also need guidance on how to voice their own preferences and dislikes.