115例乳腺癌患者社区随访资料分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌患者的年龄分布、病理分期、治疗方式等因素对生存情况的影响.方法 对上海市川沙镇1997-2007年确诊的115例乳腺癌患者社区随访资料进行分析.结果 乳腺癌发病高峰年龄为45～49岁,进行手术、化疗加内分泌治疗的生存率达90.32%.乳腺癌患者生存情况与确诊时病理分期有关,发现越早生存情况越好(x2=49.380 9,P＜0.001).结论 乳腺癌生存率与早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗和治疗方式有着密切的关系.     

140例大肠癌患者社区随访资料分析

目的探讨大肠癌患者生存情况的影响因素。方法对上海市川沙镇2008年—2012年期间确诊的140例大肠癌患者的社区随访资料进行分析。结果大肠癌发病高峰年龄为65岁~69岁,进行手术、化疗并结合中医治疗的生存状况良好。结论大肠癌生存率与早期诊断、早期治疗和治疗方式有着密切的关系。     

肺癌患者生存质量影响因素的通径分析

目的 探讨肺癌患者生存质量的影响因素,以采取有效手段,提高患者的生存质量.方法 应用FACT-L(4.0)中文版生存质量调查表,对164例肺癌存活患者的生存质量进行测评,应用通径分析方法,对其生存质量影响因素进行分析.结果 肺癌患者生存质量平均得分为101.58±26.92.通径分析结果表明,手术治疗是肺癌患者生存质量的主要影响因素,性别通过对生存时间的影响间接作用生存质量,患者的年龄和放疗直接影响生存质量,TNM临床分期、手术、化疗既可以影响生存时间又能影响生存质量.结论 性别、年龄、临床分期和不同治疗方法均会不同程度地影响肺癌患者的生存质量,提示提高早期诊断率,采取以手术为主的综合治疗,能有效地提高肺癌患者的生存质量;在错过手术机会的晚期病人,适当放化疗,亦能改善患者的生存质量.     

肺癌患者诊疗与生存质量探讨

肺癌早期症状不典型 ,发病年龄逐渐向年轻化发展 ,不少患者就诊时已属于中晚期。为提高对肺癌的诊断与治疗效果和患者的生存质量 ,本文随机收集了1991～ 1998年 156例肺癌病例 ,探讨诊断以及不同的治疗方法 ,对肺癌生存期的影响 ,为今后肺癌疾病的诊疗提供参考。1　资料与来源本文随机收集了 1991～ 1998年我院收治的 156例50岁以下 (含 50岁 )的原发性肺癌病例 ,根据不同的临床分型、分期以及不同的治疗方法与生存期的影响 ,结合有关资料进行分析与讨论。其中男性 12 3、女性33例 ,男∶女 =1∶0 2 7,平均年龄 4 1岁 ,35～ 50岁占全部病例…     

1977～1982年北京市城区肺癌生存分析

本文用Kaplam-Meier估计和Cox回归法从性别、年龄、诊断依据、治疗方式及生存情况等方面，对1977－1982年北京市西城、东城、崇文、宣武四个城区230万人口的肺癌例进行了生存分析。全部3005例肺癌患者的生存曲线随时间而下降；除＜40岁组外，曲线随年龄增长而平等下降；多因素筛选的结果，得到包含六个协变量的模型。年龄、病理类型、合并症、手术、放疗、对生存期有显著作用。     

警惕肺癌的早期呼吸道症状

肺癌又称支气管肺癌，是常见的恶性肿瘤之一。肺癌多见于男性，男女性别比约为4：1。肺癌多发生于40岁以后，中老年为肺癌的高发年龄，其中45～65岁患占总数的75％，一般65～70岁死亡率达到高峰。60％的早期患经过综合治疗可获得长期生存，而中晚期患能长期生存却不足10％。也就是说，肺癌早期的治疗效果要远远好于晚期。但资料显示，在被确诊的肺癌患中，只有20％处于早期，病情已发展到中晚期则占80％。这是因为肺癌的早期呼吸道症状如咳嗽、胸痛等有时并不典型，与常见的一些呼吸道疾病难以区别，程度上又不一定表现得那么严重，未能引起人们的足够重视，尤其是长期吸烟和老慢支患，对于咳嗽、咳痰常不以为然，也不及时去医院进行检查，结果延误了最佳治疗时机。     

因子分析法评价肺癌患者生存质量

目的分析影响肺癌患者生存质量(qualityoflife,QOL)的关键因子,为肺癌的防治工作提供参考。方法应用肺癌生存质量FACT-L(4.0)中文版调查表,对164例肺癌患者进行生存质量测评,采用因子分析法研究肺癌患者生存质量的相关因素。结果在肺癌生存质量的13个因素中存在5种主要支配因子。结论肺癌患者早期发现,多学科治疗,可延长生存时间,同时提高生存质量。     

53例肺癌放疗患者生存质量分析

目的探讨影响肺癌放疗患者生存质量的因素,为临床诊治提供参考。方法应用EORTC-C30量表对53例确诊为肺癌且行放疗患者的生存质量进行回顾性分析。结果年龄≤50岁、血清CA125≤35 U/L、病理分期Ⅱ期以下、肿瘤细胞未转移和心理状况健康的患者,其生存质量显著高于年龄50岁、血清CA12535 U/L、病理分期Ⅲ期以上、肿瘤细胞转移和心理状况不健康的患者(P0.01)。结论年龄、血清CA125、病理分期、肿瘤转移和心理状况是影响肺癌放疗患者生存质量的重要因素。     

山东省肺癌患者生存分析

目的了解山东省肺癌患者生存情况,为肿瘤防治工作提供参考依据。方法以2011年1月-12月期间监测诊断为肺癌的病例为研究对象,采用寿命表法和Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率,采用Cox回归进行多因素分析。结果 12747例患者平均年龄为66岁,截止到2016年6月死于肺癌74.85%,存活18.70%。生存分析结果显示,中位生存期为12.74个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为38.49%、23.72%、20.99%,性别、年龄、区域的生存率差异均有统计学意义,性别、年龄和区域在多因素分析中有统计学意义。结论肺癌患者生存状况受性别、年龄和地域的影响,男性、75岁以及东部、中部地区的肺癌患者生存率较低。     

某焦炉厂焦炉工肺癌的生存及预后

目的评价焦化工肺癌的疾病预后及其影响因子。方法分析70例焦炉工肺癌的年龄、暴露工龄、潜隐期、诊断年龄、治疗方法和生存时间,采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox回归评价影响因子。结果 Cox回归评价显示患者的暴露工龄、潜隐期、发病年龄等因素对患者的生存期无影响,均P0.05,外科治疗病例的生存时间长于非外科治疗病例,中位数生存时间分别为885和181 d;Cox回归也提示外科治疗是肺癌预后的保护性因子。结论焦炉工的职业接触史与肺癌的预后无联系,肺叶切除或全肺切除术是焦炉工肺癌的首选治疗。     

1999-2018年陕西省肿瘤医院恶性肿瘤住院病例回顾性研究

目的 分析陕西省肿瘤医院1999-2018年间恶性肿瘤住院患者的病种构成、年龄、性别变化情况,为恶性肿瘤的人群流行病学研究提供依据。方法 收集1999年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间在陕西省肿瘤医院住院治疗的恶性肿瘤患者病历资料,分析其病种构成、性别、年龄的变化趋势。结果 1999-2018年20年来,恶性肿瘤住院患者人数呈逐年上升趋势（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=148.075,P<0.05）,2018年恶性肿瘤患者定基比发展速度为13.119,定基比增长速度为12.119。男女恶性肿瘤的高发年龄段分别是60~64岁、55~59岁。男性住院患者构成比前5位的恶性肿瘤分别是肺癌（26.4%）、食管癌（16.0%）、胃癌（13.5%）、肝癌（8.5%）、结直肠癌（6.8%）;女性分别是子宫颈癌（26.1%）、乳腺癌（20.3%）、肺癌（8.4%）、卵巢癌（6.1%）、子宫体及子宫部位不明癌（5.4%）。肺癌、子宫颈癌的病例构成比呈上升趋势（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗肺癌=100.812,P<0.05;〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗宫颈癌=87.328,P<0.05）,胃癌病例构成比呈现递减的趋势（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=123.342,P<0.05）。结论 恶性肿瘤住院患者人数呈逐年增长,不同性别间患病年龄和主要病种构成不同,肺癌占全部恶性肿瘤患者收治首位。     

Treatment of advanced lung cancer in the elderly

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Almost half of all lung cancer occurs at age > 70 years. The majority of patients with lung cancer present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Management of advanced lung cancer in the older patient is a commonly encountered clinical scenario. There is a paucity of clinical data guiding the management of lung cancer in the elderly due to underrepresentation of the elderly in clinical trials. The elderly have unique alterations in physiology that put them at a greater risk of toxicity from chemotherapy and biologic therapy. Comorbid conditions, common among the elderly, can further reduce tolerance to therapy. As a consequence, older patients have worse outcomes than younger patients. It is important to look beyond chronologic age to better risk stratify patients when making treatment decisions in older patients with lung cancer. The basic principles of management, especially in the fit elderly, do not differ from those in younger patients. This article provides an overview of management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The magnitude of the problem and current treatment guidelines for lung cancer are reviewed with a focus on barriers specific to the elderly. The available clinical trials that have specifically studied the elderly with lung cancer are summarized. The evolving role of palliative care is discussed, as well as the need for integrating geriatric assessment in the care of elderly patients with lung cancer.     

The correlation of age and comorbidity with therapy and survival in cancer patients in North-Brabant and North-Limburg, 1995-2001

The proportion of elderly cancer patients has increased considerably. This means that more patients are being diagnosed with one or more serious concomitant condition which may complicate the treatment of cancer. Little is known about treatment outcomes, as elderly patients with comorbidity are often excluded from clinical trials. The Eindhoven Cancer Registry has been registering serious co-morbidity in North-Brabant and North-Limburg in the Netherlands since 1993. Using data from patients diagnosed with cancer in 1995-2001, the correlation between age and comorbidity and choice of therapy and survival rates was described. Very elderly patients or patients with co-morbidity often were not treated in accordance with the guidelines. Elderly patients with localized lung cancer or prostate cancer underwent less surgery as often and elderly patients with colorectal cancer, breast cancer or ovarian cancer received less adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy than younger patients. The prognosis was often worse for elderly patients than for younger patients, and the presence of co-morbidity decreased survival in most types of tumour. The question remains whether the prognosis for elderly patients with cancer would improve if more of them were treated in accordance with the guidelines, or if this will only lead to more complications.     

Lung cancer in the Netherlands in the period 1989-1997: the epidemic is not over yet

OBJECTIVE: To describe and interpret changes in incidence, mortality and survival of lung cancer in the Netherlands in the period 1989-1997. DESIGN: Secondary data analysis. METHODS: Data on the incidence of lung cancer were collected from the Dutch Cancer Registration (1989-1997), on mortality from Statistics Netherlands (CBS; 1989-1994), on the incidence of lung cancer in other European countries from EUROCIM (1990-1994), on survival of Dutch lung cancer patients from the Comprehensive Cancer Centre Amsterdam (1988-1997) and the Comprehensive Cancer Centre South (1988-1992) and on survival of other European lung cancer patients from EUROCARE (1985-1989). Incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 person years and standardized by age according to the European population structure. Survival was calculated as the ratio of observed survival among the lung cancer patients and the expected survival of the general population. RESULTS: The incidence of lung cancer among men decreased from 109 to 93, whereas that among women increased from 18 to 23. The incidence of lung cancer among Dutch men was high in comparison to other European countries, whereas that among women was average. The trends in lung cancer incidence were probably related to the trends in past smoking behaviour. Mortality decreased among men from 106 to 91 and increased among women from 15 to 20. Survival was better for younger patients, a localised tumour, and better for squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma than for large-cell undifferentiated or small-cell carcinoma. The relative 5-year survival was 12%, the relative 1-year survival 39%; these were good in comparison with other European countries. CONCLUSION: The incidence and mortality of lung cancer among Dutch men decreased, but still in 1997 almost 20 men in the Netherlands died each day of lung cancer. Among women the end of the increase is not in sight and in 1997 over 5 women died each day of lung cancer.     

人肺组织DNA加合物含量的某些影响因素分析

为探讨人肺组织ＤＮＡ加合物的形成与某些影响因素之间的关系，分析了３７例肺癌患者（男１９例、女１８例）及３７例非肺癌肺部疾病患者（男１９例、女１８例）肺组织ＤＮＡ加合物的含量与年龄、性别、吸烟等影响因素之间的关系。结果表明：引起肺组织ＤＮＡ加合物含量增高的主要因素是吸烟；年龄、性别与肺组织ＤＮＡ加合物含量无相关性。     

宣威肺癌的遗传因素初探

运用遗传流行病学的理论和方法，以肺癌病例的配偶做为对照，着重分析了肺癌家族史与宣威肺癌的关系。结果表明，肺癌家族史是肺癌的危险因素之一。既使调整了年龄、性别、吸烟、慢性肺疾患等因素的混杂作用，有肺癌家族史的人患肺癌的危险性仍然是没有肺癌家族史者患肺癌危险性的１．６０倍（Ｐ＜０．０５）。说明了遗传因素在宣威肺癌的发生过程中起着不可忽视的作用。     

北京地区肺癌患者及健康人血硒水平研究

本文通过对北京地区１００例肺癌患者、１５１倒健康对照血清硒和３４例肺癌患者及３６例对照血浆硒和红细胞硒的研究表明：对年龄、性别、吸烟习惯诸因素分析之后，肺癌患者血清和血浆硒显著低于健康对照组，而红细胞硒含量与对照组无差异。据此，作者认为，肺癌患者的低硒状态是癌作用的结果。     

Lung cancer: district active treatment rates affect survival

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study investigates variation in management and treatment of lung cancer patients and determines the impact of any variation in treatment on survival. DESIGN: A retrospective study of population based data held by the Northern & Yorkshire Cancer Registry and Information Service (NYCRIS), comparing active treatment rates for lung cancer with survival by districts. SETTING The then 17 districts in Yorkshire and South Humber, England. PATIENTS: 22 654 patients registered with lung cancer between 1986 and 1994 and followed up until end of 1996. RESULTS: The overall rates of active treatment (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) varied between districts from 37% to 56%. One year survival (with 95% CI) was significantly better in the districts with highest rates of active treatment 23% (22% to 24%) compared with 19% (17% to 20%) for those with lowest treatment rates. Non-small cell lung cancer patients (55%) in the districts with highest active treatment rates had an age adjusted relative risk of death during the follow up period, relative to risk of death in the districts with the lower treatment rates of 0.88 (0.83 to 0.92). Clinically diagnosed patients (34%) had an age adjusted RR of 0.92 (0.86 to 0.96). RR in small cell cancer (11%) was not significant. CONCLUSION: This study has shown wide variations in the rates of active treatment for lung cancer patients within districts across one large region of England. Active treatment was strongly associated with improved survival, especially in non-small cell lung cancer.     

70岁以上和70岁以下肺癌患者术后并发症的比较

目的 调查70岁以上和70岁以下肺癌患者术后并发症发生情况，探讨年龄对肺癌患者手术风险的影响。方法 回顾性分析240例经手术治疗的肺癌患者的临床资料。所有病例分为A、B两组。A组为70岁以下患者，共152例；B组为70岁及70岁以上患者，共88例。比较两组术后并发症发生率。结果 B组的术后并发症发生率普遍高于A组，但只有术后心律失常差异具有统计学意义（B组为19．3％，A组为8．6％，P〈0．05）。两组均无死亡病例。结论 老年肺癌患者的手术风险较年轻患者没有显著增加，肺叶切除仍是安全的。     

Factors influencing hospital costs of lung cancer patients in Northern Ireland

Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In this paper, the hospital costs incurred by 724 lung cancer patients diagnosed in 2001 were determined by review of case notes. These represented all patients diagnosed with lung cancer in Northern Ireland on whom data existed in that year. Total hospital costs in the 12 months from presentation for the 724 patients were 3.99 million pounds. Average patient costs were 5,956 pounds for patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and 5,876 pounds for those with small cell lung cancer. The main component of cost was inpatient stay, representing between 62 and 84% of costs depending on cell type. Multivariate analyses revealed significant differences in cost related to staging, co-morbidities, age, and deprivation. Total annual hospital costs were 13 times as high as the estimated enforcement cost of the smoke-free legislation in Northern Ireland.