依达拉奉联合三七总皂苷注射液治疗急性脑梗死临床效果分析

目的评价依达拉奉与三七总皂苷注射液在治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性方面的对比。方法将符合急性脑梗死条件的患者219例随机分为依达拉奉组(73例)、三七总皂苷(73例)与联合治疗组(73例),进行8周的疗程。结果两药联合治疗的效果优于两药各自单独使用的效果,且无明显的不良反应,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论依达拉奉与三七总皂苷联合应用对于治疗急性脑梗死的早期康复疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

七叶皂苷对脑梗死后出血转化的临床治疗研究

目的 观察七叶皂苷治疗脑梗死后出血转化的疗效.方法 将66例脑梗死后出血转化患者随机分为治疗组(35例)和对照组(31例).两组基础治疗相同,治疗组加用七叶皂苷,治疗前后分别进行神经功能缺损评分,并比较疗效.结果 治疗组总有效率(85.7%)明显高于对照组总有效率(74.2%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 七叶皂苷治疗脑梗死后出血转化可降低病死率及致残率.     

血塞通治疗脑梗死124例疗效观察

目的探讨血塞通注射液治疗脑梗死的疗效。方法笔者所在医院采用中药制剂注射用血塞通（三七总皂苷）结合西医常规治疗,将脑梗死患者124例分为两组,治疗组62例加用血塞通注射液,对照组62例加用丹参注射液,治疗30d,对比两组神经功能缺损评分情况及治疗前后症状体征有效率。结果治疗组神经功能缺损评分低于对照组,有效率高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论血塞通注射液治疗脑梗死疗效优于丹参注射液,血塞通在使用过程中安全、有效、无明显毒副作用。     

三七皂苷联合阿司匹林治疗心脑血管疾病的临床研究进展

阿司匹林为心脑血管一级、二级预防用药,三七皂苷可抗血小板聚集及抗血栓,疗效显著,三七皂甙联合阿司匹林联合用药的安全性良好,治疗效果优于单用阿司匹林或单用三七皂甙,其作用可能与三七皂苷可减少阿司匹林抵抗,增强血小板凝集作用有关,本文将近年来三七皂苷联合阿司匹林治疗心脑血管疾病的临床研究进展作一综述。     

三七总皂苷注射剂对痹证疼痛老年人血瘀指标的影响研究

目的：观察三七总皂苷注射剂对痹证疼痛老年人血瘀指标的影响。方法：选取我院收治的痹症疼痛老年患者52例,按随机数字表法将其分成实验组26例,对照组26例,应用盐酸氨基葡萄糖胶囊、狗皮膏治疗对照组患者,在对照组治疗的基础上为实验组患者应用三七总皂苷注射剂治疗,用药10d后评价疗效。结果：与对照组相比,实验组患者痹症疼痛的治疗效果更佳,治疗10d后实验组疼痛评分、全血中切、全血低切、血浆粘度分别为（1.26±0.04）分、（4.99±0.54）、（9.12±1.65）、（1.40±0.05）,以上指标与对照组比较差异均有统计意义（P〈0.05）。结论：三七总皂苷注射剂可改善痹证疼痛老年人血瘀指标,提高生存质量,值得进一步应用、推广。     

注射用血塞通治疗颈性眩晕50例临床观察

颈性眩晕又称椎动脉压迫综合症，是由颈背部软组织病变或颈椎骨性病变引起的以眩晕为主要症状的疾病。具有反复发作，病程迁延的特点。对本病治疗以往除采用按摩、针灸、封闭等治疗外，还使用654-2、丹参注射液等全身治疗。笔者采用注射用血塞通治疗颈性眩晕。注射用血塞通是从五加科人参属植物三七中提取的有效成分为三七总皂苷制成的无菌粉针剂，主要成分为人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rg1、三七皂苷R1。其药理作用能增加脑血管流量、扩张脑血管，改善血流动力学，对缺氧所致的脑损伤具有保护作用。现报告如下：     

系统生物学在癌症预测、预防和个体化治疗中的潜在应用价值

系统生物学以系统策略和新技术为支撑,运用计算机等方法整合大量生物和医学信息,对生物体内调控细胞、器官和机体行为的网络进行综合、分析与研究.系统生物学的出现使“组学”所产生的海量数据在不同层次得以整合,形成“预测”、“预防”、“个性化”和“参与”为一体的P4医学,可用于以社区为基础的个性化癌症预防、早期诊断和治疗.     

IL-18在心血管疾病中的研究进展

心血管疾病是现代社会严重威胁人类健康，引起死亡的主要疾病之一。近年来，随着基因组学、蛋白组学和系统生物学的研究迅猛发展，生物信息的不断发现，确定心血管疾病的生物标志物已经成为一种迫切需要。因为它能够客观反映生物学进程、发病机制和对治疗干预的药理学改变的可测定或评估的特征性指标。IL-18是近年来研究较多的炎症因子，它在心血管疾病的作用已经得到证实，特别是在冠心病、病毒性心肌炎和心力衰竭等疾病的研究中。     

小资料

系统生物学系统生物学是在细胞、组织、器官和生物体整体水平研究结构和功能各异的各种分子及其相互作用,并通过计算生物学来定量描述和预测生物功能、表型和行为。系统生物学将在基因组序列的基础上完成由生命密码到生命过程的研究,这是逐步整合的过程,由生物体内各种分子的鉴别及其相互作用的研究到途径、网络、模块,最终完成整个生命活动的路线图。系统生物学的主要技术平台为基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、相互作用组     

三七中皂苷成分及其药理作用的研究现状

三七作为我国的传统药材其所含有的药理活性是抗炎以及止血和抗衰老、抗肿瘤等,主要的活性成分皂苷目前前已被提取出七十多种。本文主要从三七的各种部位所含皂苷成分及其药理作用进行综述,为开发研究三七提供具有参考价值的文献。     

Synthetic biology and occupational risk

Synthetic biology is an emerging interdisciplinary field of biotechnology that involves applying the principles of engineering and chemical design to biological systems. Biosafety professionals have done an excellent job in addressing research laboratory safety as synthetic biology and gene editing have emerged from the larger field of biotechnology. Despite these efforts, risks posed by synthetic biology are of increasing concern as research procedures scale up to industrial processes in the larger bioeconomy. A greater number and variety of workers will be exposed to commercial synthetic biology risks in the future, including risks to a variety of workers from the use of lentiviral vectors as gene transfer devices. There is a need to review and enhance current protection measures in the field of synthetic biology, whether in experimental laboratories where new advances are being researched, in health care settings where treatments using viral vectors as gene delivery systems are increasingly being used, or in the industrial bioeconomy. Enhanced worker protection measures should include increased injury and illness surveillance of the synthetic biology workforce; proactive risk assessment and management of synthetic biology products; research on the relative effectiveness of extrinsic and intrinsic biocontainment methods; specific safety guidance for synthetic biology industrial processes; determination of appropriate medical mitigation measures for lentiviral vector exposure incidents; and greater awareness and involvement in synthetic biology safety by the general occupational safety and health community as well as by government occupational safety and health research and regulatory agencies.     

Interdisciplinary research is key to understanding sex differences: report from the Society for Women's Health Research Meeting on understanding the biology of sex differences

Progress in sex-based biology, the study of biological and behavioral differences between males and females, and the impact of those differences on health and disease will require collaboration across research disciplines and medical specialties and among all research approaches, from molecular biology to epidemiology. The importance of sex-based biology to healthcare necessitates a bench-to-bedside approach that is built on integration of research findings from studies at the cellular level, in animals, and in human subjects. Barriers to interdisciplinary collaborations are being addressed in a variety of ways by public and private funders. The J.D. and C.T. MacArthur Foundation supports interdisciplinary research networks that address broad questions in health and behavior. The National Institute of Mental Health supports cross-disciplinary research networks investigating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal network. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development offers grants for Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health. The National Science Foundation Directorate for Biological Sciences sponsors Research Coordination Networks in Biological Sciences. Among the challenges faced by interdisciplinary research programs are appropriate peer review, career advancement for young investigators with interdisciplinary training, and acceptance of interdisciplinary research reports by high-quality scientific publications.     

Enhancing the role of veterinary vaccines reducing zoonotic diseases of humans: linking systems biology with vaccine development

The aim of research on infectious diseases is their prevention, and brucellosis and salmonellosis as such are classic examples of worldwide zoonoses for application of a systems biology approach for enhanced rational vaccine development. When used optimally, vaccines prevent disease manifestations, reduce transmission of disease, decrease the need for pharmaceutical intervention, and improve the health and welfare of animals, as well as indirectly protecting against zoonotic diseases of people. Advances in the last decade or so using comprehensive systems biology approaches linking genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, and biotechnology with immunology, pathogenesis and vaccine formulation and delivery are expected to enable enhanced approaches to vaccine development. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the role of computational systems biology analysis of host:pathogen interactions (the interactome) as a tool for enhanced rational design of vaccines. Systems biology is bringing a new, more robust approach to veterinary vaccine design based upon a deeper understanding of the host-pathogen interactions and its impact on the host's molecular network of the immune system. A computational systems biology method was utilized to create interactome models of the host responses to Brucella melitensis (BMEL), Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (STM), and a Salmonella mutant (isogenic ΔsipA, sopABDE2) and linked to the basis for rational development of vaccines for brucellosis and salmonellosis as reviewed by Adams et al. and Ficht et al. [1] and [2]. A bovine ligated ileal loop biological model was established to capture the host gene expression response at multiple time points post infection. New methods based on Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) machine learning were employed to conduct a comparative pathogenicity analysis of 219 signaling and metabolic pathways and 1620 gene ontology (GO) categories that defined the host's biosignatures to each infectious condition. Through this DBN computational approach, the method identified significantly perturbed pathways and GO category groups of genes that define the pathogenicity signatures of the infectious agent. Our preliminary results provide deeper understanding of the overall complexity of host innate immune response as well as the identification of host gene perturbations that defines a unique host temporal biosignature response to each pathogen. The application of advanced computational methods for developing interactome models based on DBNs has proven to be instrumental in elucidating novel host responses and improved functional biological insight into the host defensive mechanisms. Evaluating the unique differences in pathway and GO perturbations across pathogen conditions allowed the identification of plausible host-pathogen interaction mechanisms. Accordingly, a systems biology approach to study molecular pathway gene expression profiles of host cellular responses to microbial pathogens holds great promise as a methodology to identify, model and predict the overall dynamics of the host-pathogen interactome. Thus, we propose that such an approach has immediate application to the rational design of brucellosis and salmonellosis vaccines.     

毒理学发展的新方向——系统毒理学

伴随着系统生物学和高通量分子检测技术的发展,系统毒理学渐显端倪.系统毒理学是指通过整合分子、细胞、组织等不同研究层次的高通量信息,系统研究外源性化学物和环境应激等与机体的相互作用的一门学科.该文综述了系统毒理学的诞生背景、研究策略、研究技术及其主要应用,如研究毒物作用分子机制等.尽管还有不足之处,系统毒理学的发展和应用有望对人类的环境与健康研究,如阐明污染物的健康损害机制等,产生推动作用.     

Developing Preventive Therapies for Chronic Diseases: Lessons Learned from Alzheimer's Disease

A remarkable rise in life expectancy during the past century has made Alzheimer's disease (AD) the most common form of progressive intellectual failure in humans. Patients with AD lose their most human qualities—reasoning, abstraction, language, and memory. The brain plaques that Alois Alzheimer first described 100 years ago have inspired the search for genetic alterations that underlie AD. Four genes have been unequivocally implicated to date in inherited forms of AD, where mutations or natural variations in these genes cause excessive accumulation of the amyloid fi-protein, the building block of amyloid plaques. This aggregation leads to subsequent neuronal degeneration in brain regions important for memory and cognition. The discovery of the genes involved in the mechanisms of amyloid β-protein build-up in AD, coupled with cell culture and animal models of their involved pathways, has led to the development of specific pharmacological strategies to lower amyloid fi-protein levels as a way of treating or preventing all forms of the disease. While hard work lies ahead, the movement from basic research to the clinic in AD represents a triumph of reductionist biology applied to the most complex of all biological systems, the human cerebral cortex.     

Towards an integrated research framework and policy agenda on biological invasions in the developing world: a case-study of India

Background

Scientific literature on biological invasions in the developing world is currently scarce. India, a fast-globalizing country, faces a high risk of biological invasions. However, research and policy efforts on biological invasions in India are presently inadequate.

Objectives

To propose an integrated research framework and policy agenda on biological invasions for India.

Methods

The framework and agenda, drawn from research insights gained from plant invasion studies in the Kashmir Himalaya (India), adopts a stage-based model for characterization of invasive alien biota in India.

Results

The research framework explicates crucial information on the origin, purpose and pathway of introduction, residence time, species invasiveness, invasiveness elsewhere, habitat invasibility, latitudinal and altitudinal ranges and ecological and economic impacts of invasive species. The policy agenda highlights an urgent need for regulation of introduction pathways, prioritization of the worst invasive species, shifting from species- to biota-centric approaches, looking beyond political borders, forging interdisciplinary collaboration, launching a national network, and generating public awareness.

Conclusions

Adoption of such an integrated framework and agenda in India, and in other developing countries, can significantly fill the geographical knowledge gaps in invasion biology research—which is crucial in winning the global battle against harmful biological invasions.     

乳腺癌分子靶向治疗的新进展

乳腺癌的靶向治疗研究已经成为乳腺癌治疗领域研究的热点,是继手术、放疗和化疗三大传统模式之后一种全新的生物治疗模式。分子靶向治疗是针对可能导致细胞癌变的靶点,如原癌基因和抑癌基因、细胞信号转导通路、细胞因子及受体、抗肿瘤血管形成等,从分子水平逆转这种恶性生物学行为,从而抑制肿瘤细胞生长,具有特异度高、副作用小的优点。本文主要对乳腺癌分子靶向治疗药物作用的靶点及靶向治疗的最新进展做一综述。