自来水、长寿村水和小分子水

水的结构是由许多水分子通过氢键缔合的较大的簇团。城市中的自来水,经过管道长途输送,由于水无色透明,电子显微镜无法看到水分子簇团的大小。现代科研机构用~(17)O-NMR即核磁共振谱半幅宽测定,以定性地判别液态水团簇的大小。一般说,谱线越宽,团簇越大;谱线越窄,团簇越小。自来水半幅宽一般实测值:110～127～     

深层海洋水、电解水与优质小分子水

二十多年前国际自然医学会采用17O-NMR即核磁共振谱测定世界长寿村水,其半幅宽分别为64～76～83Hz(赫兹),明显低于自来水110～157Hz和其他水。根据许多大学和测试机构对水     

自来水、长寿村水和小分子水

<正>城市中的自来水,已经过管道长途输送,水的结构是由许多水分子通过氢键缔合的较大的簇团。由于水无色透明,电子显微镜无法看到水分子簇团的大小。现代科研机构用17O-NMR即核磁共振谱半幅宽测定,以定性地判别液态水团簇的大小。一般说,谱线越宽,团簇越大;谱线越窄,团簇越小。     

优质小分子水是冠心病的克星

优质小分子团水是指核磁共振半幅宽小于60Hz(赫兹)的超细小分子团水。卓康牌小分子水瓶处理的水,核磁共振半幅宽检测值55.82Hz(赫兹),为优质小分子团水,优于世界各地长寿村水,也优于世界上百岁老人比率最高的广西巴马长寿村水(66Hz)。该品11年来让广大患者饮用理疗,     

优质小分子水稳妥恢复心脏健康

我发明的卓康牌小分子水瓶处理的水,经核磁共振半幅宽检测值55.82Hz(赫兹),为优质小分子团水,优于世界各地长寿村水,也优于世界上百岁老人比率最高的广西巴马长寿村水(66Hz)。该品11年来让广大患者饮用理疗,使我国在世界上首先大量普遍地真正治愈高(低)血压和冠心病及脑动脉粥样     

优质小分子水稳妥恢复心脏健康

我发明的卓康牌小分子水瓶处理的水,经核磁共振半幅宽检测值55．82Hz（赫兹）,为优质小分子团水,优于世界各地长寿村水,也优于世界上百岁老人比率最高的广西巴马长寿村水（66Hz）。该品11年来让广大患者饮用理疗,使我国在世界上首先大量普遍地真正治愈高（低）血压和冠心病及脑动脉粥样硬化,     

优质小分子水稳妥恢复心脏健康

我发明的卓康牌小分子水瓶处理的水,经核磁共振半幅宽检测值55.82Hz(赫兹),为优质小分子团水,优于世界各地长寿村水,也优于世界上百岁老人比率最高的广西巴马长寿村水(66Hz)。该品12年来让广大患者饮用理疗,使我国在世界上首先大量普遍地真正治愈高(低)血压和冠心病及脑动脉粥样硬化,创造性地解     

对优质小分子水相知恨晚!

我原为高级工程师,于1990年因患高血压而研究医学和产生优质小分子水的器械,研制开发出"卓康"小分子水瓶,把普通开水处理成优质小分子水供人饮用,经核磁共振半幅宽检测值55.82Hz(赫兹),为优质小分子团水,优于世界各地长寿村水。该产品在三家省级医院做了临床     

优质小分子水是冠心病的克星

优质小分子团水是指核磁共振半幅宽小于60HZ（赫兹）的超细小分子团水。卓康牌小分子水瓶处理的水，核磁共振半幅宽检测值55．82HZ（赫兹），为优质小分子团水，优于世界各地长寿村水，也优于世界上百岁老人比率最高的广西巴马长寿村水（66HZ）。     

小分子团水治疗高血压、冠心病和糖尿病效果显著

我是学建筑的高级工程师，根本没有资格幻想能解决世界医学难题。但是，1990年我50岁时患高血压而服药，因害怕遭遇像父辈祖辈患中风瘫痪的厄运，心中产生根治高血压的梦想，研发试制出离子水瓶。该品处理水为经核磁共振检测半幅宽为55．82Hz（赫兹）的优质小分子团水，自家饮用治愈了高（低）血压，     

Chemical characterization of Bulgarian bottled mineral waters

Bulgaria is one of the countries in the world richest in mineral waters of natural origin, unique composition and drinking qualities. According to the National Register of the Ministry of Health (2019) 22 companies bottle natural mineral waters in Bulgaria.Although the quality of drinking water depends to a large extent on its microelement composition, only limited data are available about trace element content in Bulgarian bottled mineral waters.In this study, 17 Bulgarian and eight imported mineral water brands purchased from commercial Bulgarian network have been studied. Using ICP-MS, a simultaneous determination of macro- and microcomponents in bottled mineral waters has been performed. The water samples were analyzed for 69 chemical elements, most of which are not considered by Bulgarian and/or European legislation with no data available so far.Multivariate statistical analysis (cluster and discriminant) grouped the water samples according to their type in three clusters HCO₃-Ca-Mg-SO₄ type; HCO₃-Na type; HCO₃-Na-SO₄ and HCO₃- Na-Si-SO₄ types and an outlier is HCO₃-Na-Ca-Si type with CO₂.Concentration cadasters were used to present the element distribution of the studied Bulgarian brands, which allows easy comparison among the studied waters.     

2009～2010年泉州市瓶(桶)装矿泉水纯净水卫生状况分析

[目的]了解泉州市桶(瓶)装矿泉水纯净水卫生状况,确保消费者的饮水安全。[方法]依据GB/T 8538-2008《饮用天然矿泉水检验方法》、GB 8537-2008《饮用天然矿泉水》、GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》和GB17324-2003《瓶(桶)装饮用纯净水卫生标准》的方法进行检验和统计分析。[结果]2009年共检测瓶(桶)装矿泉水48份,纯净水58份,其中亚硝酸盐合格率分别为85.42%和94.83%;2010年共检测瓶(桶)装矿泉水26份、纯净水31份,其中亚硝酸盐合格率分别为73.08%和83.87%,呈下降趋势。[结论]我市瓶(桶)装矿泉水纯净水的亚硝酸盐污染情况不容乐观,加强监管,建立有效的卫生监督机制势在必行。     

2017年荆门市学校饮用水微生物污染监测结果分析

目的 了解2017年荆门市学校饮用水中微生物污染情况,为学校饮用水安全管理提供预防措施,为饮水卫生监督提供依据。方法 2017年6 - 10月采集176份学校饮用水,包括直饮水、桶装水和凉开水,测定7个微生物指标。结果 176份学校饮用水共测定大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、志贺菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌7个微生物指标,微生物不合格率达40.34%(71/176),其中大肠菌群超标率为28.41%(50/176),铜绿假单胞菌为17.61%(31/176),所有样品均未检出耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、志贺菌、金黄色葡萄球菌。直饮水、桶装水和凉开水3种不同类型的学校饮用水微生物不合格率分别为35.19%(19/54)、47.30%(35/74)和35.42%(17/48),差异无统计学意义。不同类型学校、不同地区供应的学校饮用水微生物不合格率差异无统计学意义。结论 荆门市学校饮用水中大肠菌群和铜绿假单胞菌污染较为严重,存在风险隐患。建议加强对学校饮用水的卫生监督和管理。     

High prevalence of enteric viruses in untreated individual drinking water sources and surface water in Slovenia

Waterborne infections have been shown to be important in outbreaks of gastroenteritis throughout the world. Although improved sanitary conditions are being progressively applied, fecal contaminations remain an emerging problem also in developed countries. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of fecal contaminated water sources in Slovenia, including surface waters and groundwater sources throughout the country. In total, 152 water samples were investigated, of which 72 samples represents groundwater from individual wells, 17 samples from public collection supplies and 63 samples from surface stream waters. Two liters of untreated water samples were collected and concentrated by the adsorption/elution technique with positively charged filters followed by an additional ultracentrifugation step. Group A rotaviruses, noroviruses (genogroups I and II) and astroviruses were detected with real-time RT-PCR method in 69 (45.4%) out of 152 samples collected, of which 31/89 (34.8%) drinking water and 38/63 (60.3%) surface water samples were positive for at least one virus tested. In 30.3% of drinking water samples group A rotaviruses were detected (27/89), followed by noroviruses GI (2.2%; 2/89) and astroviruses (2.2%; 2/89). In drinking groundwater samples group A rotaviruses were detected in 27 out of 72 tested samples (37.5%), genogroup I noroviruses in two (2.8%), and human astroviruses in one (1.4%) samples. In surface water samples norovirus genogroup GII was the most frequently detected (41.3%; 26/63), followed by norovirus GI (33.3%; 21/63), human astrovirus (27.0%; 17/63) and group A rotavirus (17.5%; 11/63). Our study demonstrates relatively high percentage of groundwater contamination in Slovenia and, suggests that raw groundwater used as individual drinking water supply may constitute a possible source of enteric virus infections. In the future, testing for enteric viruses should be applied for drinking water sources in waterborne outbreaks.     

Removal of estrogens and estrogenicity through drinking water treatment

Estrogenic compounds have been shown to be present in surface waters, leading to concerns over their possible presence in finished drinking waters. In this work, two in vitro human cell line bioassays for estrogenicity were used to evaluate the removal of estrogens through conventional drinking water treatment using a natural water. Bench-scale studies utilizing chlorine, alum coagulation, ferric chloride coagulation, and powdered activated carbon (PAC) were conducted using Ohio River water spiked with three estrogens, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethynylestradiol, and estriol. Treatment of the estrogens with chlorine, either alone or with coagulant, resulted in approximately 98% reductions in the concentrations of the parent estrogens, accompanied by formation of by-products. The MVLN reporter gene and MCF-7 cell proliferation assays were used to characterize the estrogenic activity of the water before and after treatment. The observed estrogenic activities of the chlorinated samples showed that estrogenicity of the water was reduced commensurate with removal of the parent estrogen. Therefore, the estrogen chlorination by-products did not contribute appreciably to the estrogenic activity of the water. Coagulation alone did not result in significant removals of the estrogens. However, addition of PAC, at a typical drinking water plant dose, resulted in removals ranging from approximately 20 to 80%.     

饮用天然矿泉水水源霉菌菌相分析

目的 掌握饮用天然矿泉水水源霉菌污染现状。方法 对69个灌装厂有的73处饮用天然矿泉水水源采样调查。结果 在73件水源样品中45份（61.64%）检出霉菌982株。半知菌类发现频率最高，藻状菌纲，子囊菌纲、担子菌纲较少见。检出的18个霉菌属中，曲霉（50.41%) 、枝孢霉（33.81%）占较大优势，青霉、木霉、镰刀菌等属也较常见。霉菌检出与水源菌落总数、大肠菌群、亚硝酸盐等指标的相关性无显著意义。结论 饮用天然矿泉水水源的霉菌主要来源于开采后的外界污染。     

The prevalence of Vibrio spp. in drinking water and environmental samples in Vellore South India.

The prevalence of Vibrio cholerae in drinking water, lakes and sewage outfalls during July and August 1996 in Vellore, India was determined. Drinking water samples were collected on single occasions from 12 sites in different geographic areas of the town where cholera had been reported. Samples of water, plankton and sediment were collected from fixed sites at three lakes on three occasions separated by at least 3 days during the course of the study. Samples from open sewers were taken from two representative sites in four areas of the town. Bacteria isolated from samples were identified by standard biochemical tests and isolated strains of V. cholerae tested for their ability to agglutinate O1 and O139 antisera. Water samples from lakes were also tested for the presence of V. cholerae O1 and O139 by fluorescent antibody staining. Non-O1, non-O139 strains of V. cholerae were detected in 41% of drinking water samples and 100% of water, sediment and plankton samples from the test lakes. Eighty-seven per cent of open sewers sampled contained viable non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae. Fluorescent antibody staining gave positive results for V. cholerae O1 and O139 for all water samples from the three lake sites. Strains of Aeromonas spp. were isolated from 58% of drinking water samples and from 66% of sediment, 77% of plankton and 55% of water samples from lakes. All open sewers sampled contained Aeromonas spp. PCR amplification employing specific primers demonstrated that none of the non-agglutinating V. cholerae isolates contained the ctx operon. The non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae isolates showed different patterns of antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and trimethoprim.     

邹城市居民饮用水碘含量地理分布调查

目的了解邹城市自然环境中饮用水碘的地理分布情况,为本地区碘缺乏病防治提供基础资料和科学依据。方法共调查17个乡镇899个行政村,按人口比例概率抽样法确定采样点,采集水样945份。用硫酸铈接触法测定水碘含量。结果水碘范围在0—50．6μg/L,水碘中位数4．01μg／L。有15个乡（镇）水碘中位数〈10μg／L,有2个乡镇水碘中位数〉10μg／L。邹城市居民饮水碘含量地理分布呈西高东低趋势,共有15个镇为水源型低碘甲状腺肿流行区,涉及人口94万人。地形分布以丘陵、山区为主。结论全市整体为碘缺乏区,应建立持续运行工作机制,实现消除碘缺乏病目标。     

2012年济南市市区主要泉水水质调查

目的分析济南市泉水水中微量元素含量,为探讨泉水与长寿的关系提供科学依据。方法2012年3～10月,对济南市市区有代表性的泉水水样进行微量元素含量检测。结果合计检测7处主要泉水群的42份水样,pH值均为偏碱性,锶、锂的含量都比较丰富,锶的中位数为0．35mg／L高于天然饮用矿泉水的界限指标0．20mg／L,锂的中位数为0．24mg／L高于天然饮用矿泉水的界限指标0．20mg／L,符合天然饮用矿泉水的要求,属于锶、锂型矿泉水;偏硅酸盐、硒、碘化物虽未达到天然饮用矿泉水的界限指标,但是符合天然饮用矿泉水的限量指标,偏硅酸盐、硒的含量已比较丰富;钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、铜、锰、锌、氟化物、重碳酸盐的含量均符天然饮用矿泉水和生活饮用水的要求。结论济南市市区有代表性的泉水中多项有益微量元素含量较高。     

中国六城市饮用水中氯化消毒副产物分布的研究

目的探讨饮用水中消毒副产物(DBPs)的分布及其分布规律,同时研究消毒副产物随季节变化及地带性分布规律。方法选取大庆、北京、天津、郑州、长沙和深圳6个城市,对其市政供水中水源、水处理等供水情况进行调查,同时对饮用水中主要消毒副产物三卤甲烷(THMs)及卤乙酸(HAAs)指标,以及天然有机物、pH、投氯量和水温进行监测。结果6个城市饮用水中三卤甲烷的范围为:未检出~92.8μg/L,卤乙酸范围:未检出~40.0μg/L。每种消毒副产物污染水平均在《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB5749-2006规定的限值范围内,但是其中2个水厂涉及3个末梢水三卤甲烷总量指标略高于标准限值。三卤甲烷分布为:郑州>天津>大庆>北京>深圳>长沙,其中郑州和天津2个地区水中三卤甲烷明显高于其他4个地区;卤乙酸的分布为:长沙>天津>深圳>大庆>郑州>北京,其中长沙、天津和深圳3个地区明显高于其他3个地区。此外,消毒副产物污染程度夏季明显高于冬季。结论目前中国饮用水中消毒副产物的分布处于较低水平;消毒副产物的产生呈明显的季节性,夏季最高;三卤甲烷主要分布在中国的北方地区,而卤乙酸主要分布在南方地区。