奥曲肽联合云南白药治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血

目的:观察奥曲肽联合云南白药治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血的临床效果。方法:2011年10月-2017年10月间的120例急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者随机分为观察组和对照组,两组均予基础对症治疗,对照组给予奥美拉唑钠静滴,观察组给予奥曲肽联合云南白药进行治疗,观察对比两组临床有效率和再出血发生率的差异。结果:观察组总有效率显著高于对照组,而再出血率低于对照组(均P0.05)。两组均无药物相关不良反应发生。结论:奥曲肽联合云南白药治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血疗效确切,安全可靠。     

生长抑素联合云南白药治疗门脉高压性上消化道出血

目的:探讨生长抑素联合云南白药治疗门脉高压性上消化道出血的应用效果和对患者的影响。方法:选择2014年4月~2015年5月期间接受治疗的门脉高压性上消化道出血患者60例,以就诊顺序随机分为常规组与实验组,每组各30例,常规组患者接受常规的治疗和护理服务,实验组在常规组的基础上给予生长抑素联合云南白药治疗,对比两组患者的生命质量和临床症状。结果:与常规组比较,实验组有效的生长抑素联合云南白药治疗能够显著改善患者的生活质量和生命质量,改善患者的临床症状和并发症状,治疗效果显著高于常规组。上述数据对比差异显著,有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:生长抑素联合云南白药治疗门脉高压性上消化道出血的治疗效果更好和治疗价值更高,能显著改善患者的生活质量,减轻患者的病情,减少术后并发症状发生,值得推广。     

云南白药联合奥美拉唑治疗成年人上消化道出血疗效观察

目的：研究云南白药联合奥美拉唑治疗成年人上消化道出血的疗效。方法：收集我院共80例成年人上消化道出血患者,随机分成观察组和对照组两组,每组40例,观察组给予云南白药口服联合奥美拉唑40mg静脉滴注,每日2次治疗,对照组给予单纯奥美拉唑40mg静脉滴注,每日2次治疗。结果：观察组疗效为显效者有36人,显效率为90．0％,对照组疗效为显效者有25人,显效率为62．5％。两组均无不良反应。两组治疗效果差异显著,P〈O．05有统计学意义。结论：云南白药口服联合奥美拉唑治疗上消化道出血具有很好的疗效,有较高的愈合率和Hp根除率,应予临床推广应用。     

施他宁联合潘妥洛克治疗门静脉高压性上消化道大出血的临床疗效

目的:观察施他宁(生长抑素)联合潘妥洛克(泮托拉唑)治疗门静脉高压性上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法:将112例患者随机分为两组,治疗组采用施他宁联合潘妥洛克的治疗方案,对照组采用奥曲肽联合潘妥洛克的治疗方案。结果:治疗组止血有效率为79.31%,对照组的止血有效率为64.81%,两组止血有效率比较有显著差异性(P<0.05)。结论:施他宁联合潘妥洛克治疗门静脉高压性上消化道大出血的临床疗效满意。     

善宁治疗门脉高压性上消化道出血的疗效观察

门脉高压性上消化道出血是肝硬化的严重并发症，病死率很高，善宁（奥曲肽）是治疗此症的一种比较新的方法。我院于近年应用善宁治疗肝硬化门脉高压性上消化道出血26例，取得较好疗效，报告如下。     

善宁治疗肝硬化合并上消化道出血患者的临床疗效观察

目的对善宁治疗肝硬化合并上消化道出血的临床疗效进行观察分析。方法该院接受治疗的肝硬化合并上消化道出血患者70例,将其随机分成两组,对照组35例患者应用垂体后叶素治疗,观察组35例患者应用善宁治疗,对两组患者的临床疗效和不良反应情况进行比较分析。结果临床疗效结果显示观察组的止血有效率为88.57%,对照组的止血有效率为54.29%,两组的疗效比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,观察组不良反应发生率为2.86%,对照组的不良反应发生率为14.29%,不良反应比较差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论善宁是治疗肝硬化合并上消化道出血的有效药物,引起的不良反应少,具有一定的安全性,值得临床借鉴应用。     

善宁治疗上消化道大出血疗效观察

目的:观察善宁治疗206例上消化道大出血的疗效.方法:将206例上消化道大出血分为两组,其中静脉曲张性大出血80例,非静脉曲张性大出血126例,两组病例均为善宁25～50μg/h静脉滴注,持续72h.结果:静脉曲张性大出血70例止血,有效率为87.5%;非静脉曲张性大出血止血122例,有效率96.8%;总有效率93%.结论:善宁治疗静脉曲张性和非静脉曲张性上消化道大出血均有明显疗效,可降低急诊手术率和死亡率.而非静脉曲张性大出血疗效更佳(两组比较有非常显著差异P<0.01).     

联合应用洁维乐治疗上消化道出血的疗效观察

目的观察联合应用洁维乐治疗上消化道出血的临床效果。方法我院175例上消化道出血患者,随机分为两组,对照组给予综合止血药物治疗,包括泮托拉唑或洛赛克、奥曲肽、巴曲亭等药物;观察组在给予综合止血药物的同时,给予洁维乐20g及云南白药1g充分混合口服,q8h给药,至无活动性出血的表现;血红蛋白≤70g/L患者均给予输血。结果两组资料使用SPSS软件进行统计学分析。观察组总有效率90.7%;对照组总有效率57.7%,两组总有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论洁维乐联合云南白药口服综合治疗上消化道出血疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

生长抑素奥美拉唑联合硝酸甘油治疗门静脉高压性上消化道出血的疗效观察

目的:观察生长抑素、奥美拉唑联合硝酸甘油治疗门静脉高压性上消化道出血的临床疗效.方法 116例门静脉高压性上消化道出血患者随机分成2组,对照组采用常规治疗,包括止血剂、保肝药物、补液、输血等.实验组在常规治疗的基础上,加用硝酸甘油治疗,观察2组的止血有效率和止血时间.结果 实验组有效率,止血时间与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05）.结论 生长抑素联合硝酸甘油治疗门静脉高压性上消化道出血效果显著.     

善宁治疗肝硬化急性上消化道出血疗效观察

肝硬化并发急性上消化道出血为一临床常见急症,系门静脉高压引起的食管胃底静脉曲张破裂所致出血,一般出血量较大,病情严重者,如不及时抢救,可危及生命.为观察善宁治疗肝硬化急性上消化道出血的效果,我院自2005年6月～2006年12月选择82例肝硬化并发急性上消化道出血患者,采用善宁与垂体后叶素进行疗效对照,为善宁治疗肝硬化上消化道出血提供合理依据.     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

Changes in Fatty Acid Composition in Beef in Italy

Results from a study conducted in Italy concerning the updating of composition data of beef consumed in Italy are reported here. The study required a very wide sampling plan with regard to both animals and cuts to analyse. Data related to lipid composition of the most widely used type of beef consumed in Italy (young bull, 16–22 months old) show a reduction in total lipid content (which, according to the cuts, ranges between 1.8 and 10.2%) and a substantial change in fatty acid composition, with a high % of polyunsaturated fatty acids (mean 20% of total fatty acids). Such data have been confirmed by other studies conducted in Italy, and are in contrast with data reported in the tables of food composition from other countries, reporting a fatty acid composition characterized by a high fatty acid saturation degree. The occurrence of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid is probably due to the high ratio of phospholipids: triglycerides, occurring when the content in intramuscular lipid is very low; to the young age of animals; to the reduced activity of the rumen, where saturation of fatty acids occurs. It may be concluded that a fatty acid composition, which is particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, seems typical for Italian products.     

Changes in immune function in asthma in the elderly

Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airway. The airway inflammation of asthma is typically an allergic inflammation characterized by cells and mediators described as a "Th2" inflammatory response. There is a growing body of evidence describing changes in the function of immune cells upon aging, a phenomenon referred to as "immunosenescence". Several studies utilizing animal models and human subjects with asthma have begun to explore age-related effects on the airway inflammation in asthma. This review explores the existing data on the presence and effects of immunosenescence or age-related changes in immune function in asthma.     

Increase in social inequality in health expectancy in Denmark

AIMS: Health expectancy represents the average lifetime in various states of health and differs among social groups. The purpose of the study was to determine trends in social inequality in health expectancy since 1994 between groups with high, medium and low educational levels in Denmark. METHODS: The study was based on data from nationwide registers on educational level and mortality during the period 1994-2005 and data on health status derived from the Danish Health Interview Surveys carried out in 1994, 2000 and 2005. Expected lifetime in self-rated good and poor health, lifetime without and with longstanding illness and expected lifetime without and with long-lasting difficulties or restrictions were estimated by Sullivan's method. RESULTS: Between 1994 and 2005, life expectancy at age 30 years increased by 1.9 years for men and 1.5 years for women with a low educational level. For people with a high educational level, the increase was 2.7 years for men and 2.2 years for women. The difference between people with low and high educational level in expected lifetime in self-rated good health increased by 2.0 and 1.3 years for 30-year-old men and women, respectively. The social gap also increased for other indicators. CONCLUSIONS: During the past 12 years, social inequality in life expectancy and health expectancy has increased in Denmark, but the proportion of the population with a low educational level has decreased.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。