QUALITATIVE STUDY OF SIALOMUCINS CHANGES DURING N－METHYL－N－NITROSOUREA－INDUCED C OLONIC CARCINOGENESIS IN MICE

ＱＵＡＬＩＴＡＴＩＶＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＳＩＡＬＯＭＵＣＩＮＳＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＤＵＲＩＮＧＮ－ＭＥＴＨＹＬ－Ｎ－ＮＩＴＲＯＳＯＵＲＥＡ－ＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＣＯＬＯＮＩＣＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＳＩＮＭＩＣＥＷａｎｇＱｉａｎｇ王强；ＷａｎｇＹｕａｎｈｅ王元和；...     

ESTABLISHMENT OF IMMUNO－PCR TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETECTION OF TUMOR ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN MG＿7－Ag ON THE GASTRIC CANCER

任军，樊代明，周绍娟，张学庸，杨安钢，李明峰，陈峥ＥＳＴＡＢＬＩＳＨＭＥＮＴＯＦＩＭＭＵＮＯ－ＰＣＲＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＦＯＲＴＨＥＤＥＴＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＵＭＯＲＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＥＤＡＮＴＩＧＥＮＭＧ＿７－ＡｇＯＮＴＨＥＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＮＣＥＲ￥Ｒ...     

RESEARCH ON SERUM LEVELS OF RETINOL，α－TOCOPHEROL β－CAROTENE，AND 12 ELEMENTS IN GASTRIC DYSPLASIA AND GASTRIC CANCER PATIENTS

ＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＯＮＳＥＲＵＭＬＥＶＥＬＳＯＦＲＥＴＩＮＯＬ，α－ＴＯＣＯＰＨＥＲＯＬβ－ＣＡＲＯＴＥＮＥ，ＡＮＤ１２ＥＬＥＭＥＮＴＳＩＮＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＤＹＳＰＬＡＳＩＡＡＮＤＧＡＳＴＲＩＣＣＡＮＣＥＲＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＣｈｅｎｇＷｕｆｅｎｇ；程五凤；...     

CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF IMMUNOGLOBULINVARIABLE－REGION GENE OF A MONOCLONALANTIBODY SPECIFIC FOR HUMANHEPATOCARCINOMA

ＣＬＯＮＩＮＧＡＮＤＳＥＱＵＥＮＣＩＮＧＯＦＩＭＭＵＮＯＧＬＯＢＵＬＩＮＶＡＲＩＡＢＬＥ－ＲＥＧＩＯＮＧＥＮＥＯＦＡＭＯＮＯＣＬＯＮＡＬＡＮＴＩＢＯＤＹＳＰＥＣＩＦＩＣＦＯＲＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＹａｎｇＰｉｎｇ杨萍；ＧａｏＬｅｉ高...     

THE EXPRESSION OF C－MYC AND N－RAS ONCOGENES IN HUMAN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA－AN IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION STUDY ON PARAFFIN EMBE

ＴＨＥＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＯＦＣ－ＭＹＣＡＮＤＮ－ＲＡＳＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＥＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡ－ＡＮＩＮＳＩＴＵＨＹＢＲＩＤＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＰＡＲＡＦＦＩＮＥＭＢＥＤＤＥＤＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＥＣＴＩＯＮ...     

TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR－α ALTERS PROTEINMETABOLISM AND CELL－CYCLE KINETICSIN MALIGNANT TUMOR

ＴＵＭＯＲＮＥＣＲＯＳＩＳＦＡＣＴＯＲ－αＡＬＴＥＲＳＰＲＯＴＥＩＮＭＥＴＡＢＯＬＩＳＭＡＮＤＣＥＬＬ－ＣＹＣＬＥＫＩＮＥＴＩＣＳＩＮＭＡＬＩＧＮＡＮＴＴＵＭＯＲＹｅＳｈｅｎｇｌｏｎｇ叶胜龙；ＴａｎｇＺｈａｏｙｏｕ汤钊猷；ＢｒｕｃｅＲＢｉｓｔｒｉａｎ...     

A MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM FOR CALCULATINGTHE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS OF SURVIVAL PROBABILITY IN MEDICAL FOLLOW－UP STUDIES

ＡＭＩＣＲＯＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＰＲＯＧＲＡＭＦＯＲＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＮＧＴＨＥＣＯＮＦＩＤＥＮＣＥＩＮＴＥＲＶＡＬＳＯＦＳＵＲＶＩＶＡＬＰＲＯＢＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＩＮＭＥＤＩＣＡＬＦＯＬＬＯＷ－ＵＰＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＸｉａｎｇｙｏｎｇｂｉｎｇ项永兵；Ｇａｏｙｕ...     

APOPTOSIS OF TUMOR CELLS IN LECTIN－DEPENDENTLYMPHOKINE－ACTIVATED KILLER CELLMEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY

ＡＰＯＰＴＯＳＩＳＯＦＴＵＭＯＲＣＥＬＬＳＩＮＬＥＣＴＩＮ－ＤＥＰＥＮＤＥＮＴＬＹＭＰＨＯＫＩＮＥ－ＡＣＴＩＶＡＴＥＤＫＩＬＬＥＲＣＥＬＬＭＥＤＩＡＴＥＤＣＹＴＯＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＤｏｎｇＨａｉｄｏｎｇ董海东；ＸｉｎｇＲｏｎｇ邢嵘；ＧｕｏＬｉａｎｙｉｎ...     

THE EXPRESSIONS AND CHANGES OF TGF－α，β GENES IN HUMAN COLORECTAL CANCEROUS，PARACANCEROUS AND NORMAL MUCOSAL TISSUES

朱兆文，李勇，李通，王永潮ＴＨＥＥＸＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＳＡＮＤＣＨＡＮＧＥＳＯＦＴＧＦ－α，βＧＥＮＥＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＣＯＬＯＲＥＣＴＡＬＣＡＮＣＥＲＯＵＳ，ＰＡＲＡＣＡＮＣＥＲＯＵＳＡＮＤＮＯＲＭＡＬＭＵＣＯＳＡＬＴＩＳＳＵＥＳ￥ＺｈｕＺｈａｏｗｅｎ...     

IMMUNOBLASTICLYMPHADENOPATHY－LIKE T－CELLL YMPHOMA：A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC AND IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF 24 CASES

ＩＭＭＵＮＯＢＬＡＳＴＩＣＬＹＭＰＨＡＤＥＮＯＰＡＴＨＹ－ＬＩＫＥＴ－ＣＥＬＬＬＹＭＰＨＯＭＡ：ＡＣＬＩＮＩＣＯＰＡＴＨＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＮＤＩＭＭＵＮＯＰＨＥＮＯＴＹＰＩＣＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦ２４ＣＡＳＥＳＬｉｕＷｅｉｎｉｎｇ；刘卫平；ＬｉＧａｎｄｉ；...     

肺癌术后房性心律失常的多因素分析

目的:探讨肺癌术后发生房性心律失常的危险因素及预防措施。方法:回顾分析258例肺癌手术患者的临床资料,统计术后房性心律失常发生的类型、时间及转归,分析其与年龄、手术方式、左心房大小、NT-pro BNP等的关系。结果:本研究中肺癌术后房性心律失常的总发生率为25.58%(66/258),经多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、手术方式、术前肺功一秒率（FEV1%）＜70%、左心房大小、NT-pro BNP是术后房性心律失常的危险因素(P＜0.05)。结论:年龄、FEV1%、左心房大小、手术方式、NT-pro BNP是肺癌术后房性心律失常的危险因素。通过采取积极有效的预防措施,能有效预防该并发症及其后果的影响。     

白细胞介素-18mRNA在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:检测IL-18mRNA在非小细胞肺癌及癌组织中的表达,探讨其对非小细胞肺癌发生和发展过程的影响。方法:为非小细胞肺癌患者35例,男24例,女11例,年龄42-76岁,平均56岁,其中鳞癌17例(48.57%),腺癌13例(37.14%),腺鳞癌5例(14.29%)。对照组均来自距离肿瘤边缘2-4cm的正常肺组织。肿瘤直径≥4cm者6例(17.14%);肿瘤直径<4cm者29例(82.86%)。用RT-PCR法检测35例肺癌肿瘤组织细胞内和癌旁正常组织中的IL-18mRNA水平的表达。结果:在35例非小细胞肺癌中IL-18mRNA阳性表达率为100%,与癌旁正常组织比较,肺癌IL-18阳性表达率明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:IL-18mRNA在NSCLC发展过程中发挥重要作用,其表达与患者年龄、性别和肿瘤组织类型无明显相关性,而与病理学分级、肿瘤T分期和有无淋巴结转移相关。     

Hemorrhage from carcinoma of the lung

During a retrospective analysis of 877 cases of lung cancer, we explored the relationships between cell type, site, cavitation, varying degrees of hemoptysis, and radiation therapy. Massive terminal hemoptysis (29 cases) was found to be significantly associated with cavitated (P less than 0.0001 squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.0002), ARISING IN EITHER THE RIGHT OR LEFT MAIN BRONCHI (P less than 0.0001). Lesser, nonlethal degrees of hemoptysis (140 cases) were not cell-type associated, occurring in approximately 15% of cases of all major tumor types. Radiotherapy, although employed more frequently in the massive-hemoptysis population, did not appear to be causally related to hemoptysis of any degree. An interesting case, which provoked the above study, is described: a patient with bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma and terminal hemoptysis due to a tumor fistula between the primary lesion and the left atrial chamber. The forms of cardiac involvement in lung cancer are discussed.     

Clinical outcomes of 3D conformal hypofractionated single high-dose radiotherapy for one or two lung tumors using a stereotactic body frame

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of three-dimensional (3D) conformal hypofractionated single high-dose radiotherapy for one or two lung tumors using a stereotactic body frame. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients who were treated between July 1998 and November 2000 and were followed for >10 months were included in this study. Of the 40 patients, 31 had primary lung cancer and 9 had metastatic lung cancer. The primary lung cancer was staged as T1N0M0, T2N0M0, and T3N0M0 in 19, 8, and 4 patients, respectively. The primary sites of metastatic lung cancer were the colon in 4, tongue in 2, and osteosarcoma, lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma in 1 each. 3D treatment planning was performed to maintain the target dose homogeneity within 15% and to decrease the irradiated lung volume from >20 Gy to <25%. All patients were irradiated using a stereotactic body frame and received 4 times 10-12 Gy single high-dose radiation at the isocenter during a period of 5-13 days (median 12). RESULTS: The initial 3 patients received 40, and the remaining 37 patients received 48 Gy after dose escalation. Of the 33 tumors followed >6 months, 6 tumors (18%) disappeared completely after treatment. Twenty-five tumors (76%) decreased in size by 30% or more after treatment. Therefore, 31 tumors (94%) showed a local response. During the follow-up of 4-37 months (median 19), no pulmonary complications greater than National Cancer Institute-Common Toxicity Criteria Grade 2 were noted. Of the 16 patients with histologically confirmed T1N0M0 primary lung cancer who received 48 Gy, all tumors were locally controlled during the follow-up of 6-36 months (median = 19). In 9 tumors with lung metastases that were irradiated with 48 Gy in total, 2 tumors did not show a local response. Finally, 3 tumors (33%) with lung metastases relapsed locally at 6-12 months (median 7) after treatment during the follow-up of 3-29 months (median 18). CONCLUSION: 3D conformal hypofractionated single high-dose radiotherapy of 48 Gy in 4 fractions using a stereotactic body frame was useful for the treatment of lung tumors.     

恶性肿瘤相关性心律失常的探讨

目的总结我院肿瘤血液内科收治的各种恶性肿瘤患者心律失常情况，探讨其防治措施。方法回顾性分析我院2000年1月至2003年10月住院确诊的543例恶性肿瘤患者，逐一登记符合心律失常诊断，排除既往有心律失常病史者，统计其发病特点。结果恶性肿瘤相关性心律失常发生率为5．9％（32／543）；心律失常类型以快速型为主，包括窦性心律过速18例（56．3％）、心房颤动与扑动6例（18．8％）等；心律失常发生的原因有多样性，抗心律失常药物治疗疗效差（PR＋CR33．3％）。结论恶性肿瘤相关性心律失常有一定的特点，其发生原因具有多样性；对抗心律失常药物治疗效果差，去除诱因、改善心肌代谢环境等综合治疗有一定的价值。     

Cardiac metastasis of lung cancer. A study of metastatic pathways and clinical manifestations.

BACKGROUND. Although lung cancer frequently spreads to the heart, details of cardiac metastases of lung cancer have not been fully discussed. The authors attempted to elucidate the relationship between the mechanisms of cardiac metastasis and a variety of clinical manifestations caused by cardiac metastasis. METHODS. Clinical and autopsy records were reviewed in 74 autopsied cases of lung cancer. In cases with cardiac metastasis, the metastatic pathways to the heart were determined by the macroscopic examinations, and the relationship between the metastatic pathways and the clinical manifestations were studied. RESULTS. Metastases to the pericardium or heart were seen in 23 cases (31%). A lymphatic metastatic pathway was detected in 18 cases (hilar lymphatic routing in 12 cases, and mediastinal lymphatic routing in 6 cases), and a hematogenous metastatic pathway was detected in 5 cases. Malignant pericardial effusion was documented in 15 of 23 cases. The metastatic pathway in 14 of 15 cases was lymphatic (hilar lymphatic routing in 10 cases, and mediastinal lymphatic routing in 4 cases). Patients showing lymphatic metastasis had higher incidence of malignant pericardial effusion than those with hematogenous metastasis (P less than 0.05). Of 23 cases of cardiac metastasis, myocardial infarction was found in 1 case, resulting from the compression of the coronary arteries by the tumor. Concurrent supraventricular arrhythmias were recorded in eight cases with cardiac metastasis. Patients with cardiac metastasis had higher incidence of arrhythmia than those without cardiac metastasis (P less than 0.05). In cases of cardiac metastasis, patients with arrhythmia were older (P less than 0.01) than those without arrhythmia. CONCLUSIONS. The authors concluded that the hilar lymphatic pathway is essential for early development of malignant pericardial effusion in lung cancer and that aging and cardiac metastasis may be responsible for arrhythmia in patients with lung cancer.     

795例肺癌术后发生心律失常危险因素的多因素回顾分析

[目的]探讨肺癌术后发生心律失常的危险因素.[方法]回顾分析795例肺癌手术患者,其中全肺切除术176例,肺叶切除术509例,楔型切除术110例.术后发生心律失常273例,应用Logistic回归分析影响术后发生心律失常可能的危险因素.[结果]心律失常总发生率为34.3%（273/795）,多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示高龄、吸烟史、心律失常史、全肺切除、术中心包损伤、术后肺不张是术后心律失常的主要危险因素（P＜0.05）,术后镇痛是保护因素（P=0.017）.[结论]心脏储备功能的降低、对手术损伤及缺氧的耐受力降低是导致术后心律失常的原因,采取一些预防措施可以减少其发生率.     

Serum carotenoids and mortality from lung cancer: a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study

To investigate whether high serum levels of carotenoids, tocopherols, and folic acid decrease risk of lung cancer in Japanese, we conducted a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. A total of 39 140 subjects provided serum samples at baseline between 1988 and 1990. We identified 147 cases (113 males and 34 females) of death from lung cancer during an 8-year follow-up. Of the subjects who survived to the end of this follow-up, 311 controls (237 males and 74 females) were selected, matched to each case of lung cancer death for gender, age and participating institution. We measured serum levels of antioxidants in cases of lung cancer death and controls. Odds ratios (ORs) for lung cancer death were estimated using conditional logistic models. The risk of lung cancer death for the highest quartile of serum α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, and canthaxanthin was significantly or marginally significantly lower than for the lowest quartile: the ORs, adjusted for smoking and other covariates, were 0.35 (95% confidence interval (Cl), 0.14–0.88), 0.21 (0.08–0.58), 0.46 (0.21–1.04), 0.44 (0.17–1.16) and 0.37 (0.15–0.91), respectively. The ORs for the highest serum levels of zeaxanthin/lutein and folic acid tended to be low, but the differences were not statistically significant. Serum total cholesterol was also inversely related to risk of lung cancer death: the OR for the highest vs. the lowest quartile was 0.39 (95% Cl, 0.19–0.79). Higher serum levels of carotenoids such as α- and β-carotenes may play a role in preventing death from lung cancer among Japanese. (Cancer Sci 2003; 94: 57–63)     

Polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase omega gene and risk of cancer

Polymorphic glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes causing variations in enzyme activity may influence individual susceptibility to cancer. Though polymorphisms have been reported in GSTO1 and GSTO2, their predisposition to cancer risk has not yet been explored. In this case control study, 28 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 30 cases of cholangiocarcinoma, 31 cases of colorectal cancer, 30 cases of breast cancer and 98 controls were compared for frequencies of GSTO1 and GSTO2 genotypes. The statistical analysis provided the support for the difference in genotypic distribution for GSTO1*A140D between hepatocellular carcinoma (OR 23.83, CI 95%: 5.07-127), cholangiocarcinoma (OR 8.5, CI 95%: 2.07-37.85), breast cancer (OR 3.71, CI 95%: 1.09-13.02) and control. With regards to GSTO2*N140D polymorphism, there was no difference in genotypic distribution between all the types of cancer and control. The study suggests that GSTO1*A140D polymorphism could play an important role as a risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and breast cancer.     

心脏黏液瘤患者心功能分级和栓塞发生情况及其与凝血功能的相关性分析

目的:分析心脏黏液瘤患者心功能分级和栓塞发生情况及其与凝血功能的相关性。方法:采用回顾性研究，收集本院83例心脏黏液瘤患者的临床资料，记录患者主要临床症状，比较不同心功能分级的患者肿瘤最大径、血小板计数（PLT）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、凝血酶原时间（PT）及纤维蛋白原（Fib）的差异，并比较发生下肢血管或脑栓塞患者与无栓塞患者肿瘤最大径、PLT、LVEF、PT及Fib的差异。结果:83例患者中，发生胸闷/胸痛18例（21.69%），心悸/气促72例（86.75%），下肢水肿13例（15.66%），全身乏力17例（20.48%）；心脏听诊可闻及收缩期杂音22例（26.51%），闻及舒张期杂音29例（34.94%），双期杂音7例（8.43%）；心功能分级以Ⅱ级为主，其中Ⅰ级11例（13.25%），Ⅱ级60例（72.29%），Ⅲ级8例（9.64%），Ⅳ级4例（4.82%）。超声心动图检查提示左心室黏液瘤9例（10.84%），右心房黏液瘤7例（8.43%），左心房黏液瘤71例（85.54%），心包积液10例（12.05%）。心电图检查提示窦性心律不齐5例（6.02%），ST-T段改变19例（22.89%），窦性心动过速7例（8.43%），左心房肥大2例（2.41%），右心房肥大1例（1.20%），心房颤动2例（2.41%）。随着心功能分级的升高，患者PT、Fib及PLT随之增高（P＜0.05），而不同心功能分级患者肿瘤最大径和LVEF比较，并无明显差异（P＞0.05）。83例患者中，9例（10.84%）出现下肢血管或脑栓塞，此类患者PT、Fib及PLT较无栓塞者明显升高（P＜0.05），而肿瘤最大径和LVEF与无栓塞者比较，并无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论:心脏黏液瘤患者心功能分级以Ⅱ级为主，部分患者可出现下肢血管或脑栓塞，且患者心功能分级与栓塞的发生与凝血功能关系密切。