颈椎硬膜外置管治疗神经根型颈椎病48例临床观察

目的 观察硬膜外置管注射胶原酶、臭氧及镇痛复合液(得保松注射液1 mg+维生素B121 mg+2%盐酸利多卡因1 ml+0.9%氯化钠注射液共4 ml)治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效.方法 采用硬膜外置管注射臭氧及药物治疗神经根型颈椎病患者48例,随机分成2组,A组28例:颈椎硬膜外注射臭氧(浓度20 wg/ml )5 ...     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

Combined anterior and posterior surgery for treatment of cervical fracture-dislocation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To discuss the pathological characteristics of cervical spinal fracture complicating ankylosing spondyli-tis-(AS) and the effect of combined anterior and posterior operation. Methods: Eighteen AS patients with traumatic cervical fracture-dislocation were treated operatively from January 2000 to January 2006. The symptom duration of AS was 14.5 years on average. Three cases had undergone osteotomy in lumbar spine. There were 4 cases of Grade A, 3 cases of Grade B, 9 cases of Grade C and 2 cases of Grade D accord-ing to Frankel's score. There were 15 cases of Grade Ⅲ dislocation and 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ. All patients underwent surgical procedures by combined anterior and posterior approach.Results: There were 4 anterior-posterior procedures, 8 anterior-posterior-anterior procedures and 6 posterior-an-terior procedures. Seven patients had one stage operation and 11 cases underwent two stage surgeries. There was certain extent of neorological improvement in 14 incomplete paraplegic patients, but no improvement in 4 complete paraplegic patients. The follow-up period was 21.2 months on average and the time for bone fusion was 3.6 months. There were 4 complications during operation and a long-term complication in follow-up. Conclusions: The study suggests that anterior com-bined with posterior approach makes the spine stable and relieves the pressure immediately. It is a reasonable surgical strategy for treatment of cervical spinal fracture-dislocation with AS.     

新型改良单开门微型钛钉-钛板内固定的生物力学研究

目的 探讨改良单开门微型钛钉-钛板内固定的生物力学特性.方法 选取8具无损伤的新鲜人尸体颈椎标本(C3-7),经分次处理后随机分为两组,每组4具标本20个节段:A组:于每个节段颈椎标本模拟单开门颈椎管扩大成形术,术中使用改良单开门微型钛钉-钛板固定;B组:每节段颈椎标本模拟同样手术操作,使用传统单开门钛钉-钛板(Centerpiece钉板)固定.应用MTS880生物材料实验机测试每个颈椎节段标本开门后再关门的最大负荷、完全关门时的负荷及功耗,并对两组结果进行比较.结果 再关门过程中A组和B组的最大负荷平均分别为(873.61±154.40)、(297.17±133.41)N,完全关门时负荷平均分别为(812.98±141.79)、(145.77±59.21)N,功耗平均分别为(5.95±0.83)、(1.65±0.70)J,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 模拟单开门颈椎管扩大成形术中使用新型改良单开门钛钉-钛板内固定的生物力学性能较传统单开门钛钉-钛板更好.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the biomechanical performance of a modified miniscrew-plate fixation in the unilateral open-door cervical laminoplasty.Methods Eight specimens of cervical spine (C3-C7) were made from intact adult cadavers.After randomization into 2 groups, with 4 specimens and 20 vertebral segments in each group, the unilateral open-door cervical laminoplasty was performed in each cervical vertebra in both groups.In group A the modified miniscrew-plates were used while in group B the traditional miniscrew-plates were implanted.A MTS880 machine was used to test the maximal load of the reclosed open-door miniscrew-plate at each cervical vertebra, and the maximal load and energy of the completely closed open-door miniscrew-plate.Results In the reclosing process, the mean maximal load was 873.61 ±154.40 N in group A and 297.17 ± 133.41 N in group B.In the complete closing state, the mean maximal load was 812.98 ± 141.79 N in group A and 145.77 ±59.21 N in group B; the mean energy was 5.95 ±0.83 J in group A and 1.65 ± 0.70 J in group B.There were significant differences between the 2 groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ) .Conclusion The modified miniscrew-plate can have better biomechanical performance than the traditional miniscrew-plate in simulated unilateral open-door cervical laminoplasty.     

颈椎脱位治疗策略

目的：探讨颈椎脱位治疗方法选择。方法：颈椎脱位患者39例,男29例,女10例;年龄6～74岁,平均为40岁。脱位节段：C1,215例,C3,41例,C4,59例,C5,69例,C6,75例。脊髓损伤按Frankel分级：A级9例,B级8例,C级5例,D级8例,E级8例,仅有神经根症状1例。32例进行了早期、快速、重量递增的牵引治疗。17例进行手术治疗。结果：牵引复位成功率90%,脊髓损伤平均改善0.63级。死亡6例,均为关节突交锁并严重脊髓损伤病例。结论：快速复位牵引治疗颈椎脱位,需密切观察病情,严防牵引过度。是否手术应根据复位情况、MRI表现、脊髓损伤及全身状况与条件综合考虑。     

胶原酶溶解术联合星状神经节阻滞治疗混合型颈椎病的临床观察

目的 分析研究胶原酶溶解术联合星状神经节阻滞(SGB)治疗混合型颈椎病的疗效.方法 将320例混合型颈椎病患者随机分为A、B两组,每组160例.A组采用胶原酶溶解术联合SGB治疗,B组采用胶原酶溶解术治疗,以视觉模拟评分(VAS)及颈椎病临床评价量表(CASCS)对治疗前、治疗后10 d、1个月、半年及1年进行疗效评价.结果 A、B组治疗后各时间点VAS及CASCS评分与治疗前比较均有明显改善(P＜0.05),A组术后10 d的CASCS评分较B组有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 胶原酶溶解术联合SGB治疗混合型颈椎病具有很好的综合疗效,不仅明显缓解患者疼痛,也改善了交感及椎动脉型颈椎病的临床症状.     

伴上肢局部水肿的颈椎病与颈椎减压术的关系

[目的]探讨伴有上肢局部水肿的颈椎病患者的发病机理和与手术颈椎减压的关系。[方法]总结分析4a来收治的10例伴有上肢局部水肿的颈椎病人，其中脊髓型颈椎病7例，神经根型颈椎病2例，后纵韧带骨化型1例，7例行前路椎体次全切减压植骨内固定，1例行前路椎体次全切＋单间隙间盘摘除植骨内固定，2例行后路减压植骨内固定，术后观察患者水肿消退情况。[结果]10例病人上肢局部水肿不同程度消退，前路手术者较后路手术者消退快。[结论]颈椎病患者上肢水肿的发生与颈交感神经受激惹有关，通过前路或后路颈椎管减压，去除颈椎不稳、椎间盘突出、骨赘等交感神经受激惹因素，水肿可逐步消退。     

不同容量复方倍他米松硬膜外注射治疗神经根型颈椎病的对照研究

【摘要】 目的 对比不同容量复方倍他米松硬膜外注射治疗神经根型颈椎病的疗效。方法 我科疼痛门诊自2012年1月~2012年12月共收治68例颈神经根型颈椎病患者,随机将患者分为两组,选取颈椎C6~7间隙作为穿刺点,按照硬膜外操作规程穿刺置管成功后,将得一支复方倍他米松注射液用生理盐水稀释,A组患者稀释至40 mL注射,B组稀释至20 mL注射,然后对照疗效。结果 本组第一疗程结果2周后,总有效率A组为97.1%(34/35),B组是84.8%(28/33)(P<0.05)。两组在穿刺过程及第一疗程结束后两周复诊未见头晕、恶心、神经损伤及硬膜外血肿等并发症。本组64例获随访,随访时间3个月~6个月,未完成随访的4例均为临床无效患者。结论 不同容量复方倍他米松硬膜外注射治疗神经根型颈椎病的疗效确切,但大容量组疗效优于小容量组。     

定点瞬时牵压治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效观察

目的：观察定点瞬时牵压疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法选取自2009-01-2012-12我科神经根型颈椎病住院患者211例,按完全随机法随机分为治疗组103例,对照组108例。治疗组采用定点瞬时牵压疗法,每周1次;治疗组采用定点持续牵压疗法,每日1次,5次为1疗程,每疗程间隔2日。3周后进行疗效统计。结果治疗组总有效率（93.2%）,对照组总有效率（79.6%）,两组疗效比较差异有显著性意义（P＜0.005）。结论定点瞬时牵压疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效显著。     

颈椎扳法引导颈椎运动节段后伸纠正异常颈椎矢状位参数的临床观察

目的：观察颈椎扳法治疗青年人颈型颈椎病的影像学变化及疗效。方法：将2018年1月至2019年9月就诊的65例（脱落5例,最终符合方案60例）颈型颈椎病患者按照数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组30例,男14例,女16例,年龄20~44（29.83±6.99）岁,行颈椎扳法治疗（每周1次,共4次）。对照组30例,男12例,女18例,年龄18~43（31.77±5.93）岁,行坐位牵引治疗（每周1次,共4次）。分别记录治疗前,治疗后1个月两组患者C₂-C₇ Cobb角,弧弦距,T₁倾斜角（T₁ slope,T₁S）的变化,比较两组患者治疗前和治疗后1、3个月的疼痛数字评分（numerical rating scale,NRS）。结果：60例均获得随访,时间（3.2±0.3）个月。治疗前两组患者的NRS、C₂-C₇ Cobb角、弧弦距、T₁S差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗后1个月治疗组NRS、C₂-C₇ Cobb角、弧弦距、T₁S分别为（1.67±0.76）分、（16.55±6.01）°、（10.95±4.04） mm、（18.95±4.19）°,对照组分别为（1.40±0.86）分、（10.23±5.94）°、（6.11±4.17） mm、（13.34±4.25）°;治疗组患者的C₂-C₇ Cobb角、弧弦距、T₁S优于对照组（P<0.05）;NRS两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗组C₂-C₇ Cobb角、弧弦距、T₁S较治疗前差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,对照组较治疗前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后3个月治疗组NRS为（1.60±0.62）分,对照组为（4.17±0.70）分,治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗组评分小于治疗前（P<0.05）,对照组较治疗前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：颈椎扳法、颈椎坐位牵引可以缓解颈型颈椎病患者的疼痛症状,但颈椎扳法效果更加持久;颈椎扳法可以纠正异常的颈椎矢状位参数。     

Dome-like expansive laminoplasty for the second cervical vertebra

The second cervical vertebra (C2) is in a pivotal position for the alignment and stability of the cervical vertebrae as a whole. Since its spinal canal is wider at the cranial and narrower at the caudal end, a dome-like excision of the inner side of the spinal canal from the caudal toward the cranial end results in the decompression of the lesion, preserving the dorsal part of the C2. The authors performed this C2 dome-like expansive laminoplasty on 33 patients (25 cases of the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, six of developmental spinal canal stenosis, and two of spondylosis) and kept them under follow-up observation, which ranged from 1 to 7 years (mean, 3.5 years). The result was satisfactory in terms of the decompression and stability of the cervical vertebrae: even 5 years after the operation, no osteogenesis was noted in the expanded spinal canal to induce compression again. It thus may be concluded that this method is good enough to replace conventional laminectomy.     

颈前外侧改良L形切口治疗上颈椎病变

目的 改进上颈椎颈前外侧手术入路的切口显露方式.方法 采用颈前外侧改良L形切口为7例上颈椎病变患者实施颈前路手术.包括联合后路手术1例.男5例,女2例;枢椎椎弓骨折2例,颈椎肿瘤4例,后纵韧带骨化1例;术后第1、3,6个月对患者进行随访.观察伤口部位生长变化情况和有无吞咽困难、颈髓损伤出现.结果 7例患者均经6个月随访.全部伤口于2周后获Ⅰ级甲愈合.1例术后出现呛咳,4周左右自行缓解.其余病例未出现颈部重要神经血管损伤与相应节段的颈髓损伤.所有病例无伤口感染,伤口显露及愈合效果满意.结论 颈前外侧改良L形切口可为上颈椎前方手术入路有效的切口显露方式之一.     

“骨错缝筋出槽”与颈椎病发病关系的临床研究

目的:探讨颈椎"骨错缝筋出槽"与颈椎病临床发病的关系。方法:将2006年3月至2011年10月曙光医院骨伤科门诊收治的符合颈椎病诊断标准的333例患者作为颈椎病组纳入研究,男119例,女214例,平均年龄(48.11±12.21)岁;健康受试者组受试者30例(来源于曙光医院研究生及进修生、社区人员),男6例,女24例,平均年龄(45.27±10.12)岁。分别从症状体征、动态触诊、X线评价3方面综合判断两组受试者颈椎"骨错缝筋出槽"的发生率。结果:两组的症状体征、动态触诊、影像指标方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);颈椎病组有87.99%(293/333)发生颈椎"骨错缝筋出槽",与健康受试者组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:颈椎"骨错缝筋出槽"是颈椎病临床发病的关键病理环节之一,为颈椎病临床防治提供新的研究思路。     

颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病短期临床疗效

目的观察颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病的短期临床疗效,评估该手术的有效性和安全性。方法对21例行人工椎间盘置换术的颈椎病患者进行2年以上的随访。分别在术前、术后3个月、术后6个月和末次随访时评价患者的功能和疼痛程度,测量颈椎手术节段活动度（range of motion,ROM）。结果术后不同时间点的功能和疼痛评分、颈椎节段ROM均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。术后不同时间点的功能和疼痛评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后6个月和末次随访时的颈椎节段ROM较术后3个月有显著改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。有1例术后发生急性感染,无假体相关并发症发生。结论人工椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病可显著改善患者的功能,维持颈椎节段的ROM,短期疗效满意。