一期球囊扩张联合输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗输尿管狭窄合并肾结石的疗效分析

目的:分析一期球囊扩张联合输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗输尿管狭窄合并肾结石的方法和疗效。方法:2013年1月～2016年1月我院22例输尿管狭窄合并肾结石患者接受一期球囊扩张联合输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗,其中男12例,女10例,年龄23～58岁;输尿管下段狭窄14例,输尿管中段狭窄2例,输尿管上段狭窄6例;输尿管狭窄段0.5～2.0cm,平均1.6cm;结石大小0.6～2.1cm,平均1.6cm。统计分析结石清除率、肾积水变化情况及并发症,对比手术前后IVU造影及CTU检查结果情况。结果:22例手术均顺利完成,术后住院时间2～7d,平均4d,输尿管软镜鞘成功置入率90.9%(20/22),2例术后高热,术后随访6～36个月,平均12个月,一期结石清除率86.4%(19/22),18例输尿管、肾积水明显改善,2例行二次球囊扩张及2例行输尿管整形术后肾积水好转。结论:一期球囊扩张联合输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗输尿管狭窄合并肾结石安全、有效、微创,是一种值得推荐的新方法。     

输尿管镜下Vela激光联合球囊扩张治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的疗效

目的探讨输尿管镜下Vela激光联合球囊扩张治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的安全性及可靠性。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年6月收治的36例继发性输尿管狭窄患者的临床资料。输尿管镜下联合应用Vela激光及球囊扩张治疗狭窄段输尿管。其中经尿道输尿管镜下治疗31例,经皮肾微穿刺后输尿管镜下治疗5例,术后5~7 d拔除导尿管,常规留置"D-J"管12周。结果所有手术均顺利完成,无并发症发生。手术时间36~94 min,平均45 min。36例患者获得随访,随访时间12~23个月,平均18个月。29例治愈,4例好转,3例无效。其中1例再次治疗后无效定期更换输尿管支架管。2例行腹腔镜下输尿管端端吻合术。有效率91.7%。结论输尿管镜下Vela激光联合球囊扩张治疗继发性输尿管狭窄安全可靠,损伤小,恢复快,有效率高,是继发性输尿管狭窄的有效治疗手段。     

球囊扩张术治疗继发性输尿管狭窄疗效分析

目的探讨输尿管镜直视下球囊扩张术治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的效果。方法以在西京医院就诊的85例继发性输尿管狭窄患者作为研究对象,根据其治疗方法将其分为重复扩张组(球囊扩张时间为3min,扩张次数为2次)、单次扩张组(球囊扩张时间为5min,扩张次数为1次)和对照组(仅留置双J管),分析输尿管镜直视下球囊扩张术治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的效果差异。结果共纳入85例患者,其中重复扩张组32人,有效率84.38%;单次扩张组29人,有效率62.07%;对照组24人,有效率25.00%。各组的手术时间较短,出血量极少,3组患者术后并发症发生率无差别,且均未出现严重的并发症,其中狭窄段>2cm的患者扩张的成功率(47.06%)远低于狭窄段≤2cm(84.09%)的患者。结论输尿管镜直视下球囊扩张术是治疗继发性输尿管狭窄的有效方式;同等气压条件下适当缩短扩张时间,增加扩张次数,可提高治疗有效率;狭窄段长度影响扩张的效果。     

输尿管镜钬激光联合球囊扩张与单纯球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的疗效分析

目的 比较输尿管镜钬激光联合球囊扩张与单纯球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2015年1月经本院治疗的45例输尿管狭窄患者,根据其手术方式分为观察组和对照组,观察组为球囊扩张术联合应用Wolf 9硬性输尿管镜钬激光切开治疗输尿管狭窄的25例患者,对照组为应用单纯球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的20例患者,比较两种方法治疗输尿管狭窄的临床效果.结果 25例输尿管狭窄患者顺利应用球囊扩张术治疗,并应用硬性输尿管镜钬激光进行切开,术后放置4.8F双J管2根,随访1～19个月,2例狭窄复发,2例肾积水无明显变化,术后无明显出血、尿瘘和感染等并发症发生,手术有效率为84.00％.20例患者应用输尿管狭窄球囊扩张治疗,术后放置4.8F双J管2根,术后随访1 ～19个月,4例术后狭窄复发,肾积水无明显变化5例,术后无明显出血、尿瘘和感染等并发症发生,手术成功率55.00％.对两种方法治疗输尿管狭窄的临床疗效进行统计学分析(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论 球囊扩张联合钬激光术治疗输尿管狭窄的疗效优于单纯应用球囊扩张术,是治疗输尿管狭窄的首选方法,具有效果满意、创伤小、安全等优点,值得推广.     

输尿管镜下逆行球囊扩张术治疗良性输尿管狭窄的临床研究

目的分析影响输尿管镜下逆行球囊扩张术治疗良性输尿管狭窄（US）预后的相关因素。 方法回顾性分析我科2012年10月至2016年10月期间行输尿管镜逆行球囊扩张术治疗的单侧单发的良性输尿管狭窄患者临床资料,总共40例患者,其中男、女各20例,年龄25～76岁,输尿管狭窄段位置位于盂管交界处12例,输尿管上段8例,中段3例,下段17例。输尿管狭窄段的长度0.2～2 cm。均应用U30球囊扩张器扩张,所有患者术后常规留置双J管或者海马管6个月至1年,每3个月更换一次,术后随访1年。 结果手术时间45～90 min,平均60 min。术后2～3 d出院,平均住院日2.5 d,无严重并发症,血尿及尿路刺激征并发症发生率较高,术后随访1年,有效患者25例（62.5%）,无效患者15例（37.5%）。单因素χ²检验及多因素Logistic回归分析显示输尿管狭窄段的长度及术前患侧肾积水程度是影响输尿管镜球囊扩张术预后的主要因素（P<0.05）,而患者的性别、年龄及输尿管狭窄的位置以及狭窄的原因对手术治疗预后无显著影响（P>0.05）。 结论输尿管镜下逆行球囊扩张术是治疗良性输尿管狭窄安全、有效的手术方法。     

输尿管软镜技术治疗输尿管上段结石手术技巧探讨

目的 探讨输尿管软镜技术治疗输尿管上段结石的手术技巧.方法 96例输尿管上段结石患者接受一期输尿管软镜钬激光碎石治疗,先以Wolf 8.0 ～ 9.8F输尿管镜在镍钛导丝引导下直接扩张输尿管开口进入输尿管,沿导丝放置一次性导引鞘,遇到输尿管节段性狭窄时,在硬镜下直接置入输尿管球囊进行扩张,扩张后再置入输尿管导引鞘,引入输尿管软镜钬激光碎石,并使用套石篮套取出较大的结石碎片.结果 94例患者一期成功置鞘碎石,2例因输尿管狭窄难以置入输尿管软镜鞘.手术时间30～75 min,平均45 min.术后9例患者寒战发热,无其他严重并发症.术后1个月拔除D-J管,复查CT/KUB,结石清除率94.79％ (91/96).结论 输尿管软镜钬激光碎石技术是处理输尿管上段结石的有效手段,熟练掌握手术技巧及灵活采用辅助手段,能够显著提高一期输尿管软镜手术的置管成功率.     

输尿管镜下钬激光切开结合X光引导下输尿管球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄

目的 探讨经输尿管镜下钬激光切开结合X光导引下输尿管球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的疗效.方法 对2008年2月至2015年1月使用经输尿管镜下钬激光切开结合X光导引下输尿管球囊扩张治疗的49例输尿管狭窄的患者进行回顾性分析.术中使用斑马导丝通过狭窄部,在导丝引导下使用钬激光切断狭窄环,而后在X光引导下使用输尿管球囊扩张,扩张后再置入另外一根斑马导丝,而后放入2根5号双J管.结果 49例患者均安全完成手术,围手术期有5例患者出现发热,体温超过38.5℃,经抗炎治疗后出院.余无手术并发症.随访1年后,42例患者治愈,5例好转,2例术前有狭窄段上端输尿管迂曲的患者无效.结论 采用钬激光切开结合输尿管球囊扩张治疗有明确狭窄环的输尿管狭窄,疗效好,在输尿管狭窄治疗中很有前景.但对于合并输尿管狭窄上端输尿管迂曲扩张的患者应慎用.     

结石远端狭窄导致输尿管镜碎石失败的处理

目的探讨因结石远端输尿管狭窄而导致经尿道输尿管镜碎石术失败的处理方式。方法回顾性研究我院14例输尿管镜碎石术镜体上行失败患者资料及处理方法,结石长径0.6~1.4cm,横径0.5~1.0cm,输尿管上段结石4例,中段结石4例,下段结石6例。结果 3例行一期输尿管切开取石术,9例行输尿管扩张后二期输尿管镜碎石术,其中6例成功,失败3例改行输尿管切开取石术,另余2例行留置输尿管双J管的体外冲击波碎石术治愈。结论一期输尿管镜碎石术术中镜体上行失败的患者可尝试留置输尿管双J管或结石远端输尿管导管,2~4周内再次行输尿管镜碎石术有望获得较高的手术成功率。     

输尿管镜下钬激光内切开与内切开联合气囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的疗效比较

【摘要】 目的 比较输尿管镜下钬激光内切开与内切开联合期囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的临床疗效。方法〓回顾性分析我院从2008年1月到2015年12月入院治疗的66例输尿管狭窄患者的临床资料。以2011年12月之前接受输尿管镜下钬激光狭窄内切开手术治疗的患者为对照组,共30例;2012年1月以后接受输尿管镜下钬激光狭窄内切开联合球囊扩张手术治疗的患者为研究组,共36例。评价两组的临床疗效与并发症等情况。结果〓研究组患者的临床疗效显著优于对照组患者(有效率:73.3% vs 91.7%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术中及术后均未见输血尿管穿孔及脱套等严重并发症。结论〓输尿管镜下钬激光内切开联合球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄,具有临床疗效显著、损伤小、恢复快等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

24 F球囊扩张治疗输尿管狭窄的疗效及安全性评价

目的探讨输尿管镜或经皮肾镜下使用24 F球囊扩张术治疗良性输尿管狭窄的临床疗效及安全性评估。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年1月龙川县中医院和中山大学附属第三医院输尿管镜下或经皮肾镜下24 F(20例)及18 F(20例)球囊扩张治疗40例良性输尿管狭窄患者临床资料。结果 24 F组中,20例患者均在输尿管镜或经皮肾镜引导下找到正确通道,完成球囊扩张手术。留置单条6 F输尿管内支架管10例,留置双条4.7 F输尿管支架管10例。留置双J管6~12个月。术后随访6~30个月,总体有效率90%(18/20)。18 F球囊扩张总体有效率65%(13/20),两组比较,总体有效率差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两种型号的球囊扩张均未发生严重的出血或输尿管损伤。结论输尿管镜或经皮肾镜下24 F球囊扩张术是治疗良性输尿管狭窄安全、有效的手术方法,总体有效率高于18 F球囊扩张术,可以作为狭窄长度在1.0 cm以内的单侧肾功能轻-中度损害的良性输尿管狭窄病例的首选方案。     

The surgical outcomes of reconstruction for the treatment of ureteral stricture after holmium laser lithotripsy: The comprehensive experiences

ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of ureteral stricture after ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy and summarize our experience with the reconstructive strategies.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 42 patients with ureteral stricture after ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy between December 2009 and December 2019. Patient demographics, laboratory data, imaging studies, perioperative variables, complications, and follow-up data were recorded. Surgical success was defined as relief of symptoms, improved/stabilized hydronephrosis, and stable renal function.ResultsThe upper, middle, and lower thirds of the ureter were affected in 27, 6, and 7 cases, respectively. Multiple ureteral strictures were found in 2 patients. The median length of the stricture was 3.5 cm (range 1–30 cm). In the upper ureteral strictures, lingual mucosal ureteroplasty (8/27, 29.6%) is the most commonly used treatment method for stricture longer than 3 cm but shorter than 6 cm, followed by appendiceal onlay ureteroplasty (5/27, 18.5%). Four lower ureteral strictures ranging from 3 to 8 cm were repaired with Boari flap. Reconstructive strategies of the middle ureteral strictures included Boari flap, appendiceal onlay ureteroplasty and ureteroureterostomy. Patients with the length of the stricture longer than 8 cm or multiple strictures underwent ileal ureter replacement. The median follow-up was 27.3 ± 17.2 months. The overall success rate was 97.6%.ConclusionUpper ureter is more vulnerable in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. Sufficient follow-up and appropriate examination are necessary for diagnosis. Different treatment strategies need to be flexibly selected according to the location and length of the injury.     

输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗体外冲击波碎石失败的输尿管结石89例报告

目的探讨输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗体外冲击波碎石(extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy,ESWL)失败的输尿管结石的临床效果。方法应用输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗ESWL失败的输尿管结石89例。69例合并息肉或被肉芽组织包裹,同时钬激光消融息肉;合并结石远端输尿管狭窄4例,开放手术切除狭窄段。结果一次碎石成功81例,成功率91%。1周内结石排净67例,其余14例2周内结石排净。4例结石被冲入肾盂,术后2周经ESWL后排出;4例输尿管镜置入失败,经开放手术治愈。结论输尿管镜钬激光碎石具有安全高效性,可作为ESWL治疗失败的输尿管结石首选治疗方法。     

输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段结石52例报告

目的:探讨输尿管镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段结石的临床效果.方法:采用输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段结石患者52例,其中双侧输尿管上段结石2例,共计左侧30例侧,右侧24例侧.结石大小(0.4～1.7)cm×(0.6～2.0)cm.结果:手术成功率98.1%,平均手术时间约28 min(17～65 min).1例侧因输尿管口狭窄进镜困难改行开放手术.术后1个月复查,一次性碎石排净率为90.6%,5例侧有结石残留患者保留双J管行ESWL治疗,结石排出.术后3个月复查,所有患者患侧肾积水均明显减轻.结论:在熟练掌握输尿管镜操作技术的前提下,采用输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管上段结石是一种安全、有效的方法.     

经输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石的临床分析(附350例报告)

目的 探讨经输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石的临床效果. 方法 选取2009年5月～ 2011年6月收治的350例输尿管结石患者,均行经输尿管镜钬激光碎石术. 结果 350例输尿管结石患者中321例一次碎石成功,治疗成功率为91.7％(321/350).手术时间平均48.6(20 ～ 115 )min;术后住院时间平均5.2(4 ～7)d.术中结石移位18例,其中16例留置双J管后1～4周内再行补救性体外冲击波碎石术,另2例换经输尿管软镜钬激光肾内碎石.D-J管常规留置时间为3～4周.因输尿管迂曲、狭窄不能进镜达结石部位11例,均中转开放手术取石.术中发生输尿管粘膜下损伤6例,输尿管穿孔4例.术后当天出现畏寒、发热,体温＞38.5C者19例,给予静脉抗感染和对症治疗后均恢复正常.术后结石残留造成再次输尿管梗阻6例,经再次输尿管镜碎石术后好转.术后3个月339例获随诊,结石均获清除,结石清除率达96.9％(339/350). 结论 经输尿管镜钬激光治疗输尿管结石具有安全、高效、创伤小、并发症少、成功率高、住院时间短等优点,是目前输尿管结石的最理想治疗方法.     

螺旋状带蒂膀胱肌瓣输尿管成形术修复全程输尿管损伤的疗效分析(附6例报告)

目的:观察螺旋状带蒂膀胱肌瓣输尿管成形术修复全程或接近全程输尿管损伤的疗效,探讨膀胱肌瓣修复长段输尿管损伤(20cm)的手术方式。方法:回顾性分析6例因输尿管上段结石行输尿管镜下碎石术并发的全程或接近全程输尿管损伤患者的治疗过程:男4例,女2例;年龄37~59岁,平均49岁;左侧4例,右侧2例。其中输尿管黏膜全程撕脱2例,自肾盂至膀胱连接处输尿管完全离断4例;损伤长度21~25cm,平均22cm。6例均采用螺旋状带蒂膀胱肌瓣输尿管成形术。术中注意保护患侧膀胱上动脉的完整性,取瓣要循膀胱上动脉走行裁剪。其中5例术中同行肾脏下降固定术和膀胱腰大肌悬吊术,以缩短患侧肾和膀胱间距,1例切瓣卷管后直接与肾盂端吻合。酌情转移带蒂大网膜组织覆盖重建输尿管。结果:6例手术顺利,手术时间1~2h,平均1.5h。5例成形输尿管旁引流管术后第3天拔除,1例因漏尿于术后第10天拔除。6例切口均一期愈合。术后2周复查血肌酐和尿素氮正常,术后8周在膀胱镜下安全拔除双J管。1例术中未同行肾脏下降固定术和膀胱腰大肌悬吊术的患者术后3个月行静脉尿路造影(IVU)检查,发现重建输尿管明显狭窄且伴肾积水,重新置入双J管行保守治疗,2个月后复查ECT示患侧肾脏功能重度受损,于术后6个月行患肾切除术。1例术后6个月IVU复查时发现手术侧轻度肾积水及输尿管轻度扩张,但总肾功能正常。余4例随访2~4年,未见明显异常,IVU检查显示手术侧成形输尿管形态均正常,显影良好,均未发现明显的膀胱输尿管反流,因膀胱容量缩小导致的下尿路症状(LUTS)不明显。结论:螺旋状带蒂膀胱肌瓣输尿管成形术是长段输尿管损伤修复的理想术式,创伤小,并发症少,恢复快,尤其适用于缺损长度超过20cm乃至全程输尿管损伤的修复治疗,有较高的推广价值。     

Treatment of proximal ureteral calculi: holmium:YAG laser ureterolithotripsy versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

PURPOSE: We compared the safety and efficacy of ureteroscopy with intracorporeal holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) (Dornier Medical Systems, Inc., Marietta, Georgia) for proximal ureteral calculi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 67 patients underwent 81 primary procedures, including in situ ESWL with a DoLi 50 lithotriptor (Dornier Medical Systems, Inc.) or ureteroscopy combined with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for proximal ureteral calculi. RESULTS: Of the primary procedures 81 involved proximal ureteral calculi, including 35 done for calculi 1 cm. or greater. The initial stone-free rate in patients with calculi 1 cm. or greater was 93% for ureteroscopy combined with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy and 50% for in situ ESWL. The efficiency quotient for treating proximal ureteral calculi 1 cm. or greater was calculated as 0.76 for ureteroscopic lithotripsy and 0.43 for ESWL. For proximal ureteral calculi less than 1 cm. the initial stone-free rate was 100% and 80% for ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy and ESWL, respectively. The efficiency quotient was calculated as 0.81 for ureteroscopic lithotripsy and 0.72 for ESWL for treating proximal ureteral calculi less than 1 cm. There were no major complications in either group and all procedures were performed on an outpatient basis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that ureteroscopy combined with holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is an acceptable treatment modality for all proximal ureteral calculi and excellent results are achieved for calculi 1 cm. or larger. Although the stone-free rate was better for smaller stones with ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy, efficiency quotients were similar. Therefore, ESWL should remain first line therapy for proximal ureteral calculi less than 1 cm. because of less morbidity, and a lesser anesthesia and analgesic requirement.     

A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing nonstented versus stented ureteroscopic lithotripsy

PURPOSE: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed to determine whether stents may be eliminated after uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy for ureteral stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 58 patients underwent uncomplicated ureteroscopic intracorporeal lithotripsy. After stone fragmentation patients were randomized to a nonstented (29) or a stented (29) treatment group. Intracorporeal lithotripsy was performed with the holmium laser in 57 cases and by electrohydraulic lithotripsy in 1 without balloon dilation or the extraction of stone fragments. Patients were followed 1, 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively. In stented cases the stent was removed at 1 week. Outcome measures included postoperative symptoms assessed with a visual analog scale, postoperative analgesic requirements, complications and the stone-free rate. RESULTS: At 1 week the symptoms of flank pain, abdominal pain, dysuria and frequency were significantly greater in the stented group (p <0.005). There were no differences in symptoms in the groups at subsequent followup visits. There was no difference in treatment groups in terms of the amount of analgesic required in the recovery room or during 1 week after ureteroscopy. Similarly there was no difference in the number of patients requiring antiemetics. One patient in the stented group required hospitalization for genitourinary sepsis and 1 patient in the nonstented group visited the emergency room for postoperative vomiting. The stone-free rate was 100% in each group. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that after ureteroscopic intracorporeal lithotripsy with the holmium laser patients with a stent have significantly greater irritative and painful symptoms than those without a stent in the early postoperative period. There was no difference in nonstented and stented ureteroscopy with respect to complications or stone-free status. Therefore, we believe that routine stenting after ureteroscopic intracorporeal lithotripsy with the holmium laser is not required as long as the procedure is uncomplicated and performed without balloon dilation of the ureteral orifice.     

输尿管结石ESWL失败后腔内手术治疗的选择

目的:探讨输尿管结石体外冲击波碎石(ESWL)失败后行腔内手术治疗的选择。方法:回顾分析153例输尿管结石ESWL失败后接受腔内手术治疗的患者,其中微创经皮肾镜碎石术(MPCNL)20例,输尿管镜碎石术(URL)133例。结果:20例MPCNL患者碎石成功率100%(20/20);133例URL患者碎石成功率81.2%(108/133),3例中转开放手术取石,22例结石上移或残留而再次行ESWL。结论:对于ESWL失败的输尿管结石,选择腔内手术是安全而有效的治疗手段,适应症的掌握、手术方式及时机的选择是治疗成功的关键。     

电磁式体外冲击波碎石的应用体会和输尿管镜碎石治疗输尿管结石的差别

目的比较电磁式体外冲击波碎石与输尿管镜碎石治疗输尿管结石的效果。方法选择我科室2015年7月至2017年10月就诊的150例输尿管结石患者,随机分为2组,体外冲击波组75例采用电磁式体外冲击波碎石术治疗,输尿管镜组75例采用输尿管镜碎石术治疗,对比两组临床疗效、结石大小、手术时间及并发症发生情况。结果体外冲击波组结石直径1 cm碎石成功率为95.24%,输尿管镜组结石直径1 cm为73.33%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),结石直径≥1 cm且2 cm和结石直径≥2 cm两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05),体外冲击波组总碎石成功率合计88.00%,输尿管镜组为72.00%,两组差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);体外冲击波组术后并发症发生率为9.33%,输尿管镜组为21.33%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论电磁式体外冲击波碎石治疗对于1.0 cm的输尿管结石效果较好,且减少并发症发生。     

输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石

目的：探讨输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石的疗效。方法：采用输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石患者128例，其中5例为ESWL后输尿管石街形成，6例并发急性梗阻性肾功能不全。结果：128例中，一次性碎石成功117例，占91．4％。碎石失败11例，占8．6％，其中6例输尿管上段结石移位至肾盂，留置双J管后行ESWL治愈，另外2例输尿管穿孔和3例进镜失败患者均立即改行开放手术治愈。6例并发急性梗阻性肾功能不全患者碎石术后即进入多尿期，2周后复查肾功能恢复正常。结论：输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石具有微创、安全、效果好等优点，可作为输尿管中、下段结石的首选治疗方法。