The Association of Subventricular Zone Involvement at Recurrence with Survival after Repeat Surgery in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma

Surgical resection is identified as an important prognostic factor for survival in patients undergoing initial resection of glioblastoma (GBM). However, in patients with tumor recurrence, the benefits of repeat surgery remain unclear. Recent reports have stated that the association between initial surgery for GBM and subventricular zone (SVZ) influences survival. The current study examined the relationship of SVZ involvement in recurrent GBM to survival time after reoperation. We conducted a retrospective review of 61 consecutive patients who had undergone repeat surgery for recurrent GBM at our institution between 1997 and 2010. Survival after repeat surgery were compared between patients with (n = 29) and without (n = 32) SVZ involvement at recurrence using univariate analysis with known prognostic factors, including sex, age, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score at recurrence, recurrent tumor size, initial SVZ involvement, and adjuvant therapy after repeat surgery, as variables. All 26 SVZ-positive tumors at initial diagnosis recurred as SVZ-positive tumors, while 32 of 35 SVZ-negative tumors at initial diagnosis remained SVZ-negative at recurrence; the remaining three were SVZ-positive at recurrence. Survival after repeat surgery was decreased in patients with recurrent GBM involving the SVZ at recurrence (p = 0.022). No other prognostic factors for survival after repeat surgery were identified in this study. This finding may have prognostic and therapeutic significance.     

Repeated surgery for glioblastoma multiforme: only in combination with other salvage therapy

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects, frequency, and complications of repeated surgical resection for GBM relapse. METHODS: A group of 32 patients with tumor recurrence, derived from a total of 126 consecutive patients with prior GBM, treated between 1999 and 2005 in the VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, were retrospectively studied. Survival, functional status, morbidity, and mortality after starting salvage therapy for recurrent GBM were studied. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and log-rank statistics were used for group comparison. RESULTS: Of the 32 patients with recurrent primary GBM, 20 received repeated surgery as salvage therapy. In 11 (55%) cases, repeated surgery was followed by CT or SRS. Nine (45%) patients receiving only repeated surgery showed significantly lower survival rates compared with the aforementioned 11 cases. The remaining 12 patients received only salvage CT or SRS and showed a significantly prolonged survival compared with the 9 cases receiving repeated surgery only. Surgical morbidity was 15%, and surgical mortality, 5%. CONCLUSION: Despite inherent selection bias, this retrospective analysis suggests that repeated surgery for GBM relapse should only be considered in patients with severe symptoms and if additional salvage treatment can be administered postoperatively.     

VEGF Expression Predicts Survival in Patients with Peritoneal Surface Metastases from Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix and Colon

Background High levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ovarian cancer metastases are associated with a worse prognosis in patients treated with chemotherapy. VEGF-directed therapy improves survival for those with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients with mucinous adenocarcinomas metastatic to the peritoneal surfaces can be treated with cytoreductive surgery, and both tumor grade and cytoreduction status are prognostic. We hypothesized that angiogenic indices may be prognostic in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix and colon. Methods Cytoreductive cases from a 5-year period from the University of Cincinnati peritoneal malignancy database were reviewed. CD 34 counts (blood vessels) and VEGF expression was evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry on specimens from patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) for mucinous adenocarcinoma. Results A total of 26 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 50 years, underwent cytoreductive surgery and IPHP for mucinous adenocarcinoma of appendiceal (n = 32) or colonic (n = 3) origin. With a mean follow-up of 18 months (range 1–63 months), 23 had disease recurrence and 12 were alive without recurrence. The mean survival was 19 months (range 1–63 months). CD34 counts did not correlate with recurrence or survival; however, average VEGF counts correlated with survival (P = 0.017), and, for patients with recurrence, this correlation was stronger (P = 0.002). Conclusions These results suggest that markers of tumor angiogenesis may predict survival in patients with peritoneal surface metastases from mucinous adenocarcinoma. These findings provoke the hypothesis that antiangiogenic therapies may be effective in patients with this devastating disease. Presented at the 59^th Annual Cancer Symposium, The Society of Surgical Oncology, San Diego, CA, 23-26 March, 2006     

Survival following stereotactic radiosurgery for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma multiforme: a multicenter experience

Despite decades of clinical trials investigating new treatment modalities for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), there have been no significant treatment advances since the 1980s. Reported median survival times for patients with GBM treated with current modalities generally range from 9 to 19 months. The purpose of the current study is to retrospectively review the ability of CyberKnife® (Accuray Incorporated, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) radiosurgery to provide local tumor control of newly diagnosed or recurrent GBM. Twenty patients (43.5 %) underwent CyberKnife treatment at the time of the initial diagnosis and/or during the first 3 months of their initial clinical management. Twenty-six patients (56.5%) were treated at the time of tumor recurrence or progression. CyberKnife was performed in addition to the traditional therapy. The median survival from diagnosis for the patients treated with CyberKnife as an initial clinical therapy was 11.5 months (range, 2–33) compared to 21 months (range, 8–96) for the patients treated at the time of tumor recurrence/progression. This difference was statistically significant (Kaplan–Meier analysis, P?=?0.0004). The median survival from the CyberKnife treatment was 9.5 months (range, 0.25–31 months) and 7 months (range, 1–34 months) for patients in the newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM groups (Kaplan–Meier analysis, P?=?0.79), respectively. Cox proportional hazards survival regression analysis demonstrated that survival time did not correlate significantly with treatment parameters (D _max, D _min, number of fractions) or target volume. Survival time and recursive partitioning analysis class were not correlated (P?=?0.07). Patients with more extensive surgical interventions survived longer (P?=?0.008), especially those who underwent total tumor resection vs. biopsy (P?=?0.004). There is no apparent survival advantage in using CyberKnife in initial management of glioblastoma patients, and it should be reserved for patients whose tumors recur or progress after conventional therapy.     

高龄复发性小肝癌再治疗方式的择取与安全性比较

目的探讨高龄复发性小肝癌再治疗术式的择取,并对其安全性进行比较。方法回顾性分析2015年9月至2017年8月接受治疗的106例高龄复发性小肝癌患者资料,根据治疗方式不同分为再切除组(n=55例,再切除手术治疗)和射频组(n=51例,射频消融治疗)。用SPSS 23.0统计软件分析数据,住院时间、总生存时间等以(x±s)表示,采用独立样本t检验;并发症、复发率等以率表示,采用χ²检验。累积生存率采用Log Rank检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果再切除组住院时间比射频组长(P<0.05),两组患者总生存时间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。再切除组患者术后1年、2年生存率及复发率与射频组相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。射频组患者治疗后并发症总发生率为9.8%低于再切除组25.5%(P<0.05).结论与二次手术切除相比,采用经皮射频消融治疗高龄复发性小肝癌患者在术后恢复、降低并发症方面具有明显优势,但两者近期疗效相似。     

Budd-Chiari综合征介入术后复发临床分析

目的观察Budd-Chiari综合征(BCS)介入术后复发患者的临床特点。方法回顾性分析49例复发BCS患者的临床资料及治疗预后情况。根据预后分为死亡组(n=11)和生存组(n=38),再将生存组分为再次复发组(n=14)与未再次复发组(n=24),分别计算各组病例Child-Pugh评分、Clichy指数、Rotterdam指数和New-Clichy指数,以ROC曲线衡量各指标预测患者预后的价值。结果根据ROC曲线,New-Clichy指数的截断点为4.37,New-Clichy指数>4.37者死亡率为62.50%(10/16),New-Clichy指数<4.37者死亡率为3.03%(1/33),死亡组New-Clichy指数显著高于生存组(P=0.038)。再次复发组平均年龄(P=0.016)、胆红素水平(P=0.014)、Clichy指数(P=0.042)明显低于未再次复发组。结论对于多数BCS介入术后复发患者,介入治疗仍属安全、有效、可行。New-Clichy指数对预测复发BCS介入术后死亡事件有较高价值。     

The prognostic effect of salvage surgery and radiotherapy in patients with recurrent primary urethral carcinoma

Background

To evaluate the impact of salvage therapy (ST) on overall survival (OS) in recurrent primary urethral cancer (PUC).

Operative intervention for recurrence of adrenocortical carcinoma: A single-center experience

IntroductionAdrenocortical carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy with a high recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of surgery for patients with local or distant recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma and to attempt to identify prognostic features related to survival benefit in patients undergoing resection of recurrence.MethodsThe data of 47 patients with recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma in West China Hospital, Sichuan, China, between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively collected. These patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether resection of recurrence was performed. The correlation between overall survival after recurrence and reoperation was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier and univariate/multivariate Cox regression methods were used to identify any prognostic factors.ResultsIncluded in our study were 21 patients who underwent reoperation and 26 patients who underwent nonoperative treatments were. The operation group had a better median overall survival after recurrence than the nonoperation group (19 months versus 6.5 months; P = .007). In the operated group, disease-free interval >12 months (P = .002), complete resection of recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma (P = .041), and R0 resection of the primary tumor (P = .005) were associated with prolonged survival after recurrence.ConclusionsReoperation plays an important role in the management of selected patients with recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma. Disease-free interval, preoperative evaluation for complete resection, and R0 resection of the primary tumor are important prognostic characteristics for the resection of recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma. The overall survival after recurrence was significantly improved for patients who had a disease-free interval >12 months, and initial R0 resection or complete resection of recurrent adrenocortical carcinoma is feasible.     

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Can it be considered a controversial indication for liver transplantation in centers with high rates of hepatitis C?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still considered a controversial indication for liver transplantation (LT), mainly because of long waiting times and underlying viral cirrhosis. The goal was to evaluate the outcome of LT in 104 patients with HCC and cirrhosis, mainly hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related, in a center with a short waiting time (median, 105 days). Four groups were formed according to the HCC and HCV status: HCV positive with HCC (group 1, n = 81), HCV negative with HCC (group 2, n = 23), HCV positive without HCC (group 3, n = 200), and HCV negative without HCC (group 4, n = 207). Predictive factors of tumor recurrence were demographics, tumor related (size or number of nodules, capsule, bilobar involvement, vascular or lymphatic invasion, clinical and pathologic TNM staging, pre-LT percutaneous ultrasound-guided ethanol injection or transarterial chemoembolization, α-fetoprotein levels), donor and surgery related, and year of transplantation. The same variables and “tumor recurrence (yes/no)” were applied to evaluate the effect on survival. The median follow up was 29 months (range, 0 to 104 months). Patient survival was 70% at 1 year and 59% at 5 years for group 1, 87% at 1 year and 77% at 5 years for group 2, 81% at 1 year and 64% at 5 years for group 3, and 88% at 1 year and 77% at 5 years for group 4 (P = .013). Survival was significantly lower in patients with HCC than in those without (74% and 63% versus 85% and 70%, at 1 and 5 years, respectively; P = .05). The causes of death in those with and without HCC were tumor recurrence (24%) and recurrent HCV (8%) versus sepsis (34%) and recurrent HCV (14%). HCC recurrence occurred in 12 patients (11.5%) at a median of 14 months (range, 3 to 60 months) with a probability increasing from 8% at 1 year to 16% at 5 years. In patients with HCC, tumor recurrence was associated with vascular invasion (P = .0004) by multivariate analysis; variables predictive of survival were donor old age (P = .01), viral-related etiology (P = .02), and tumor recurrence (P = .001). Although LT still remains an adequate indication for HCC in centers with high prevalence of HCV infection and short waiting times, both tumor and HCV-related recurrent diseases hamper significantly the outcomes of these patients. (Liver Transpl 2002;8:1020-1027.)     

完全腹腔镜下与开腹手术治疗复发性肝癌的疗效及CCL18水平变化比较

目的对比分析完全腹腔镜下与开腹手术治疗复发性肝癌的疗效及趋化因子配体18(CCL18)水平变化。 方法回顾性分析2013年6月至2016年4月手术治疗复发性肝癌患者66例资料，根据手术方案不同将患者分为腹腔镜组(n＝36)与开腹组(n＝30)。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行分析处理，术中术后指标、疼痛评分、CCL18水平等计量资料采用均数±标准差表示，独立t检验；肿瘤复发率、转移率、生存率等采用卡方检验。P<0.05时差异有统计学意义。 结果腹腔镜组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床活动时间以及术后肛门排气时间等各项指标水平均明显低于开腹组患者(P<0.05)；术后1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d腹腔镜组患者的VAS疼痛评分均明显低于开腹组患者(P<0.05)；术前两组患者血清CCL18水平无明显差异(P＝0.868)；术后，腹腔镜组患者的血清CCL18水平明显低于开腹组(P<0.05)。两组肿瘤复发率、转移率以及2年生存率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论复发性肝癌患者采用完全腹腔镜切除术的临床效果优于开腹手术，可有效减少手术时间和术中出血，患者术后恢复更快，术后疼痛情况明显改善，具有一定的临床价值。     

Cytoreductive surgery in multidisciplinary treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (debulking surgery) as a multidisciplinary treatment approach for inoperable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has been shown to prolong survival and provide symptomatic relief for good surgical risks patients in non‐randomized studies before. Methods: A non‐randomized comparative study was performed in a tertiary referral centre between January 2001 and December 2006. The outcome of a consecutive series of patients with inoperable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who received cytoreductive surgery was compared with a control group of patients who received palliative treatment without surgery. Two techniques of cytoreductive surgery were used: (i) partial hepatectomy for the main tumour plus intraoperative local ablative therapy for the smaller tumour nodules in the liver remnant; and (ii) partial hepatectomy for the main tumour plus postoperative transarterial chemoembolization. Results: The overall survival of cytoreductive surgery group (n = 18) was significantly better than that of the palliative treatment group (n = 15) (3‐year overall survival, 54% vs 22%; median survival, 18 vs 11 months) (P =0.038). In the cytoreductive surgery group, there was no operative mortality. Postoperative morbidity rate was 16.7%. The mean hospital stay was 8 days. Conclusion: Cytoreductive treatment strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma can be considered as one of the options in selected patients with low operative risks and reasonable liver function. Further prospective randomized trials are required to validate this aggressive surgical approach.     

The optimal time for surgery in women with serous ovarian cancer

BackgroundAdvanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is commonly treated with surgery and chemotherapy. We investigated the survival of patients treated with primary or interval surgery at different times following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Their survival was compared with that of patients treated with primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsPatients with stage III or IV HGSC were included in this retrospective cohort study. Clinical data were obtained from patient records. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval cytoreductive surgery (NAC) or with primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy (PCS). Study groups were stratified by several clinical variables.ResultsWe included 334 patients in our study: 156 in the NAC and 178 in the PCS groups. Survival of patients in the NAC group was independent of when they underwent interval cytoreductive surgery following initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p < 0.001). Optimal surgical cytoreduction had no impact on overall survival in the NAC group (p < 0.001). Optimal cytoreduction (p < 0.001) and platinum sensitivity (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of improved survival in the PCS but not in the NAC group. Patients in the NAC group had significantly worse overall survival than those in the PCS group (31.6 v. 61.3 mo, p < 0.001).ConclusionWomen with advanced HGSC who underwent PCS had better survival than those who underwent interval NAC, regardless of the number of cycles of neoadjuvant therapy. Optimal cytoreduction did not provide a survival advantage in the NAC group.     

Cytoreductive Surgery and Intraperitoneal Chemohyperthermia for Chemoresistant and Recurrent Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Prospective Study of 81 Patients

Purpose There is no standardized treatment for patients with chemoresistant or recurrent advanced ovarian cancer. Locoregional treatments combining cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia (HIPEC) may improve survival for locoregional disease. Patients and methods A prospective single center study of 81 patients with recurrent or chemoresistant peritoneal carcinomatosis from ovarian cancer was performed. Patients were treated by maximal cytoreductive surgery combined with HIPEC (with cisplatinum at 20 mg/m2/L). A total of 47 patients were included for their third, fourth, fifth, sixth, or seventh surgical look. Altogether, 54 patients presented with extensive carcinomatosis (malignant nodules of >5 mm). Results Complete macroscopic resection (CCR-0) was achieved in 45 patients. Mortality and morbidity rates were 2.5% and 13.6%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 47.1 months, the overall and disease-free median survivals were 28.4 and 19.2 months, respectively. Carcinomatosis extent and completeness of cytoreduction (p = 0.02 and p <0.001, respectively) were identified as independent prognostic factors. For CCR-0 patients, overall and disease-free survivals were 54.9 and 26.9 months, respectively. Conclusion Salvage therapy combining optimal cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC may achieve long-term survival in selected patients with recurrent or chemoresistant ovarian cancer. This strategy may be most effective in patients with limited carcinomatosis or when cytoreductive surgery provides sufficient downstaging.     

Safety and efficacy of permanent iodine-125 seed implants and carmustine wafers in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme

OBJECT: Effective treatment options are limited for patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and survival is usually <1 year. Novel treatment approaches are needed. Localized adjunct treatment with carmustine (BCNU) wafers or permanent, low-activity 125I seed implants has been shown to be effective for GBM. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of these therapies in combination following tumor resection. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with recurrent GBM were treated with maximal tumor resection followed by implantation of BCNU wafers and permanent 125I seeds into the tumor cavity. Patients were followed up with clinical evaluations and magnetic resonance imaging studies once every 3 months. Survival and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated. RESULTS: During follow-up, local disease progression was observed in 27 patients, and 23 of them died. The median survival period was 69 weeks, and the median PFS was 47 weeks. The 12-month survival and PFS rates were 66 and 32%, respectively. Baseline factors associated with prolonged survival included Karnofsky Performance Scale score>or=70, 125I seed activity>or=0.8 mCi/cm3 of tumor cavity, and age<60 years. Brain necrosis developed in 8 patients (24%) and was successfully treated with surgery or hyperbaric oxygen therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The use of adjunct therapy combining BCNU wafers and permanent 125I seeds resulted in survival that compares favorably with data from similar studies performed in patients with recurrent GBM. The incidence of brain necrosis appeared to be higher than that expected with either treatment alone, although the necrosis was manageable and did not affect survival. This novel approach warrants further investigation in recurrent and newly diagnosed GBM.     

Surgical treatment for invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast

The management and outcome of 131 women with infiltrating lobular carcinoma treated in the Belfast City Hospital between October 1987 and February 1999 were reviewed. Two patients had primary hormonal treatment and were excluded from the statistical analysis, and 129 patients were followed up. Fifty-four patients (41%) had initial breast conservation surgery, which was followed by re-excision of margins in eight patients (14.8%) and completion total mastectomy in 26 patients (48.1%). The breast conservation surgery group, 28 patients (21.7%), was compared with the total mastectomy group, 101 patients (78.2%), after a median follow-up period of 90 months (range 24-160 months). The overall survival was 68.7%. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression which showed that lymph node involvement and tumour grade were the only variables affecting survival (P<0.0001, and 0.01, respectively). The type of surgery performed did not affect survival (P=0.42). The total number of patients who developed local recurrence was 17 patients (13.1%, 12 patients in the breast conservation surgery group and five patients in the total mastectomy group, P<0.0001). Kaplan-Meier analysis of local recurrence showed that the type of surgery (P<0.0001), patient age (P=0.02), tumour grade (P=0.002), adjuvant radiotherapy (P=0.013), chemotherapy (P=0.031) and hormonal treatment (P=0.003) significantly affected local recurrence. Cox regression analysis showed that the only factor significantly affecting local recurrence was the type of surgery performed (P=0.02). Patients who underwent mastectomy had less local recurrence than those who had breast conservation surgery. Local recurrence after breast conservation surgery is high, even with clear surgical margins and post-operative radiotherapy. The authors believe that total mastectomy for infiltrating lobular carcinoma is a safer option to control local disease, especially in younger patients and those with high-grade tumours. Overall survival is not affected by the type of surgical treatment. Local recurrence can be a late event and a long-term follow-up is recommended.     

Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia for peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastric cancer

HYPOTHESIS: The most common cause of palliative resection and recurrence in gastric cancer is peritoneal seeding. This study evaluates the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia after cytoreductive surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastric cancer. DESIGN: Prospective clinical trial. SETTING: Surgical department at a university academic hospital. PATIENTS: Forty-nine consecutive patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis treated between January 1, 1989, and February 29, 2000. INTERVENTIONS: All patients underwent intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia with mitomycin C (40-60 mg); 21 patients had previously undergone extensive cytoreductive surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinicopathologic factors that affect overall survival rates. RESULTS: With median follow-up of 99 months, overall median survival was 10.3 months. Two factors were significant independent predictors of survival by multivariate analysis: preoperative ascites (P =.04) and completeness of cancer resection (CCR) by cytoreductive surgery (P<.001). Median survival was 21.3 months for patients with CCR-0 (macroscopic complete resection) or CCR-1 (diameter of residual nodules <5 mm) and 6.1 months for patients with CCR-2 (diameter of residual nodules >5 mm) (P<.001). Four patients survived longer than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: An aggressive management strategy combining intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia with cytoreductive surgery is effective for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastric cancer. In highly selected patients (good general status, resectable primary tumor, resectable peritoneal carcinomatosis), this therapy may result in long-term survival.     

The significance of p53 mutations as an indicator of the biological behavior of recurrent hepatocellular carcinomas

The significance of p53 mutations in the primary lesion for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was evaluated. Mutations of p53 were examined using non-radioisotopic (nonRI)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) in 98 resected HCCs. Of the 98 cases, 25 (26%) had a p53 mutation. In 83 patients who survived surgery, the presence of a p53 mutation was associated with a shortened overall survival (P<0.001) and a shortened cancer-free survival (P<0.05). In 43 patients who developed recurrence, there was no statistically significant correlation between the status of p53 in the primary lesion and the clinical features of recurrent HCCs examined, i.e., extrahepatic metastasis, the number of recurrent tumors, extent of recurrent tumors, and treatment for recurrent tumors. However, postrecurrence survival was significantly lower in patients in whom a p53 mutation had been detected in the primary lesion (P<0.01). A multivariate analysis for prognostic value after recurrence revealed that the p53 mutation was a useful independent prognostic factor affecting survival after recurrence (P<0.01). In conclusion, our findings suggest that HCCs with p53 mutations have a high malignant potential based on their poor prognosis. Therefore, a p53 mutation in the primary lesion is useful as an indicator of the biological behavior of recurrent HCCs.     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤复发和预后的影响因素

目的探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤复发和预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2011年6月至2020年1月郑州大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的89例原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床资料,男42例,女47例。中位年龄53(26~78)岁。我院首次手术治疗65例,外院术后复发再次手术治疗24例。初诊临床表现:体检发现腹膜后肿物41例,腹胀12例,腹痛10例,发热11例,恶心、呕吐、纳差8例,尿频、排尿困难6例,双下肢水肿1例。术前CT检查示肿瘤主体位于腹膜后肾区58例,位于腹膜后间隙、盆腔腹膜外间隙31例;肿瘤单发55例,多发34例。肿瘤长径中位值20(3~52)cm。首诊65例中通过术前影像学检查考虑为原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤47例(72.3%)。89例手术中,腔镜手术78例,其中腹腔镜手术21例,后腹腔镜手术38例,达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜手术19例;开放手术11例。87例行根治性切除术,2例行姑息性切除术;42例术中行邻近脏器切除术。对患者复发及生存情况进行随访。结果本组89例手术均顺利完成。术中出血量中位值200(10~2000)ml。病理类型为高分化型23例,去分化型40例,黏液样/圆形细胞型20例,多形性型5例,混合型1例。组织学分级低级别42例,高级别47例。术后中位随访时间28(3~108)个月。患者5年无复发生存率、无病生存率和总生存率分别为16.7%、16.1%和52.6%。57例局部复发,1例肺转移,1例肝转移,中位无病生存时间24个月;42例死亡,中位生存时间64个月。单因素分析结果显示,术中出血量(P<0.01)、肿瘤是否多发(P<0.01)、病理类型(P<0.01)、组织学分级(P<0.01)是影响无病生存时间的相关因素;术中出血量(P<0.01)、肿瘤是否多发(P<0.05)、病理类型(P<0.05)、是否复发(P<0.01)是影响总生存时间的相关因素。性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、是否初次手术、是否根治性切除、是否联合邻近脏器切除对患者的预后生存无影响(P>0.05)。Cox回归模型多因素分析结果显示,术中出血量(RR=2.360,95%CI 1.313~4.241,P=0.004)、肿瘤是否多发(RR=1.899,95%CI 1.068~3.375,P=0.029)、病理类型(RR=4.976,95%CI 1.622~15.264,P=0.005)是影响无病生存时间的独立因素;肿瘤是否复发是影响患者总生存时间的独立因素(RR=31.495,95%CI 1.062~933.684,P=0.046)。结论腹膜后脂肪肉瘤临床少见,复发率高。手术出血量、肿瘤是否多发、病理类型是影响患者无病生存时间的独立因素,肿瘤是否复发是影响患者总生存时间的独立因素。     

Propensity-score matched oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence following open and minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma

BackgroundOncological equivalency of minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy compared to open partial nephrectomy (OPN) continues to be challenged by proponents of open urologic oncology surgery.ObjectiveTo compare patterns of recurrence, recurrence-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival between patients who underwent open or minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy.Materials and MethodsData from prospectively maintained databases from 2 urban quaternary referral centers was retrospectively collected from 2003 to 2018. Patients who underwent either open or minimally-invasive (laparoscopic or robotic-assisted) partial nephrectomy and found to have malignant pathology were included. The groups subsequently underwent propensity-score matching to ensure homogeneity prior to analysis. The primary outcomes were incidence of recurrence, time to recurrence, time from recurrence to death, location of recurrence, and recurrence-free survival. Secondary outcomes included overall survival and cancer-specific survival.ResultsA total of 190 patients underwent OPN and 190 underwent minimally-invasive partial nephrectomy. Recurrence was more common in patients undergoing OPN (10% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.01), but surgical approach was not predictive of location of recurrence (P = 1) or time to recurrence (23.8 vs. 26.3 months, P = 0.73). All-cause mortality was more common in the OPN group (10.5% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.003). On multivariable analysis, only surgical approach was associated with increased risk for recurrence (OR 3.88, P = 0.009).ConclusionThis propensity-score matched analysis of patients undergoing partial nephrectomy suggests that minimally invasive surgical approach is resulted in decreased risk of recurrence and overall survival, and does not increase the risk for atypical sites of recurrence.